Schizophrenia Treatment
精神分裂症的治疗
By John M. Grohol, Psy.D.
April 10, 2006
Table of Contents
目录
∙ Introduction
∙ 概述
课件网
∙ 用常常造句Psychotherapy
∙ 精神治理
∙ Medications
单引号的作用
∙ 药物
∙ Coping Guidelines For The Family
∙ 家人的应对指南
适合两个人玩的游戏∙ Self-Help
∙ 自我帮助
Introduction
概述
Schizophrenia usually first appears in a person during their late teens or throughout their twenties. It affects more men than women, and is considered a life-long condition which rarely is "cured," but rather treated. The primary treatment for schizophrenia and similar thought disorders is medication. Unfortunately, compliance with a medication regimen is often one of the largest problems associated with the ongoing treatment of schizophrenia.
Becau people who live with this disorder often go off of their medication during periods throughout their lives, the repercussions of this loss of treatment are acutely felt not only by the individual, but by their family and friends as well.
精神分裂症一般初次发病是在人的青少年末期或者20多岁的时候。患者男性多见于女性，被认为是一种终生不能治愈的疾病，但是可以治疗。精神分裂症以及其他一些类似的神经错乱疾病主要靠药物治疗。不幸的是,在持续治疗精神分裂症的过程中，对一种药物疗法产生依赖通常是曾经的最美
很容易产生的一个问题就是会对药物疗法产生依赖。因为患者一生之中常常会停药，停药的产生的影响，不论是对病人本身还是对其家人和朋友都是非常剧烈的。
Successful treatment of schizophrenia, therefore, depends upon a life-long regimen 疗法of both drug and psychosocial, support therapies. While the medication helps control the psychosis associated with schizophrenia (e.g., the delusions and hallucinations), it cannot help the person find a job, learn to be effective in social relationships, increa the individual's coping skills, and help them learn to communicate and work well with others.
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Poverty, homelessness, and unemployment are often associated with this disorder, but they don't have to be. If the individual finds appropriate treatment and sticks with it, a person with schizophrenia can lead a happy and successful life. But the initial recovery from the first symptoms of schizophrenia can be an extremely lonely experience. Individuals coping with the ont of schizophrenia for the first time in their lives require all the support that their families, friends, and communities can provide.
因此，对精神分裂症成功的治疗取决于一个终生的疗法——不仅是药物和社会心理方面的和其他一些支持的疗法。尽管药物可以帮助控制这些精神类的疾病（比如幻觉和错觉），但它却不能帮助他们找到好的工作，不能教他们如何在社交关系里面更融洽，不能提高他们个人的应对技巧，不能帮助他们在工作中与他人更好的交流。贫穷，无家可归，失业常常与这种疾病联系在一起，但却不是必然的。如果患者找到好的治疗方法并坚持下去的话，他们也是可以过得很开心很成功的。但是精神分裂症先期症状的最初康复对患者而言却是一个极其孤独的经历。患者首次应付精神分裂症的袭击时需要他们的家人，朋友和社区的鼎力支持。
With such support, determination, and understanding, someone who has schizophrenia can learn to cope and live with it for their entire life. But stability with this disorder means complying with the treatment plan t up between the person and their therapist or doctor, and maintaining the balance provided for by the medication and therapy. A sudden stopping of treatment will most often lead to a relap of the symptoms associated with schizophrenia and then a gradual recovery as treatment is reinstated.
有了这样的支持，决心和理解，患者就可以学会如何应对以及一生如何带着这种疾病生活。稳定性意味着长期遵守诊疗师和医生为病人制定的治疗计划。突然停药很有可能会导致精神分裂症状的复发。如果重新再开始治疗的话，康复的过程就会缓慢一些。
Psychotherapy
心理治疗
Psychotherapy is not the treatment of choice for someone with schizophrenia. Ud as an adjunct to a good medication plan, however, psychotherapy can help maintain the indi
vidual on their medication, learn needed social skills, and support the person's weekly goals and activities in their community. This may include advice, reassurance, education, modeling, limit tting, and reality testing with the therapist. Encouragement in tting small goals and reaching them can often be helpful.
心理治疗对有的精神分裂患者而言， 不是治疗之选。一般用作好的药物治疗计划的辅助手段，但是心理治疗可以帮助病人坚持服药，学习必要的社会技巧，支持患者的社区周计划和活动。心理治疗主要包括建议，安慰，教育，树立榜样，设立限制以及与诊疗师一起进行的现实测验。设立一些小目标，达到之后给予患者安慰是很有帮助的。
People with scizophrenia often have a difficult time performing ordinary life skills such as cooking and personal grooming as well as communicating with others in the family and at work. Therapy or rehabilitation therapy can help a person regain the confidence to take care of themlves and live a fuller life. 10元一张的刮刮奖破解
Group therapy, combined with drugs, produces somewhat better results than drug treatm
ent alone, particularly with schizophrenic outpatients. Positive results are more likely to be obtained when group therapy focus on real-life plans, problems, and relationships; on social and work roles and interaction; on cooperation with drug therapy and discussion of its side effects; or on some practical recreational or work activity. This supportive group therapy can be especially helpful in decreasing social isolation and increasing reality testing (Long, 1996).
精神分裂症患者往往在烹饪，个人卫生，与家人的交流和工作方面存在障碍。治疗或者住院治疗可以帮助病人重拾照顾自己，过上更加充实生活的信心。
集体治疗结合药物治疗比起单独药物治疗的效果会好很多，尤其是对精神分裂症的门诊病人而言。如果更加注重现实生活中的计划、问题和关系，注重社会工作角色,注重与药物治疗的合作及其副作用的讨论，注重一些实际的娱乐工作活动的话，集体治疗就更容易取得更加积极的效果。这种支持性的集体治疗很容易帮助患者减轻社会孤独感，增加现实测试四年级应用题
Family therapy can significantly decrea relap rates for the schizophrenic family member. In high-stress families, schizophrenic patients given standard aftercare relap
50-60% of the time in the first year out of hospital. Supportive family therapy can reduce this relap rate to below 10 percent. This therapy encourages the family to convene a family meeting whenever an issue aris, in order to discuss and specify the exact nature of the problem, to list and consider alternative solutions, and to lect and implement the connsual best solution. (Long, 1996).
