RULES FOR THE SURVEY AND CONSTRUCTION OF STEEL SHIPS
Part K MATERIALS
Chapter 1 GENERAL
1.1 General
1.1.1 Application
1The requirements in this Part apply to the materials intended to be ud for the members or components specified in each Part of hull construction, equipment and machinery.
2Materials having characteristics differing from tho specified in this Part may be ud when the detailed design data, manufacturing procedure and their u are specially approved by the Society. In this ca, detailed data relating to the manufacturing process, performance, etc. of the materials are to be submitted for approval to the Society.
1.2 Manufacture and Approval of Materials
Materials
1.2.1 Manufacture
of
1The materials specified in this Part, unless otherwi specially provided or deemed appropriate by the Society, are to be manufactured at the works approved by the Society with regard to the manufacturing process of the materials. The steel material is to be manufactured by basic oxygen convertor, electric furnace or other process specially approved by the Society.
2Primary materials such as ingot, slab or billet supplied to other works are to be in accordance with the requirement of preceding -1 as appropriate.
3Materials differing from tho specified in this Part are to be in accordance with the requirements of preceding -1 when deemed necessary by the Society.
1.2.2 Approval of Manufacturing Process
1Approval of manufacturing process specified in 1.2.1 is to be in accordance with the requirements of “Guidance for the Approval and Type Approval of Materials and Equipment for Marine U”.
2Where controlled rolling (CR) and thermo-mechanical rolling (TM) with/without accelerated cooling (AcC) are specially applied, the programmed rolling schedules are to be verified by the Society.
1.3 Manufacturing Control of Materials
1.3.1 Operation of Manufacturing Control
1It is the manufacturer’s responsibility to assure that effective process and production controls in operation are adhered to. The manufacturer is especially to adhere to the following requirements;
(1) Where deviation from the controls occurs and/or inferior quality of products exists, the manufacturer is to
identify the cau and establish a countermeasure to prevent its recurrence. Also, the complete investigation report is to be submitted to the Surveyor. In this ca, each affected piece is to be tested and inspected according to the Surveyor’s direction.
(2) Where CR and TM with/without AcC are applied, the manufacturer is adequately to control the programmed
rolling schedules in accordance with the approval condition and is to verify the validity of the control by means of the investigation of the actual rolling records.
2The manufacturer is to take a suitable measure for identification of ingots, slabs, castings, forgings and finished pieces, etc. which will enable the material to be traced to the processing details as melting, rolling, forging, heat
treatments, etc. at all phas of manufacturing process.
controls
of
1.3.2 Verification
1Where the Surveyor deems necessary or the matter specified in 1.3.1-1(1) was reported, it is to be verified that the approved process is adhered to and the manufacturing control is effective. In this ca, the manufacturer is to afford the Surveyor all necessary facilities and access to all relevant parts of the works.
2Where deviation from the controls is discovered by the verification specified in -1, the Society’s Surveyor may require a report of investigation on the substantial cau and the increasing of the frequency of subquent testing and inspection.
1.4 Testing and Inspection for Materials
1.4.1 Execution of Testing and Inspection
1Testing and inspection for materials specified in this Part are to be carried out in the prence of the Society’s Surveyor at the steelworks prior to delivery except where otherwi specially provided, and are to comply with the requirements of Chapter 3 to 8 in this Part.
2The manufacturer is to show the following data to the Surveyor prior to testing and inspection for materials.
(1) material specifications (including special requirements, etc.)
(2) a certificate which states the name of manufacturer who supplied primary materials, melting, casting and the
other manufacturing process, the number of the cast and chemical composition (ladle analysis) (only if primary materials such as ingot, slab or billet are not produced at the works at which it is rolled, piped or forged) 3The chemical composition is to be analized at an adequately equipped and completely staffed laboratory. The testing machines ud for the mechanical testing of material are to be tho which have the effective certificates issued by the Society or other organization recognized by the Society in accordance with the “Rules for Testing Machines” or other standards deemed appropriate by the Society.
4The Society may dispen with the tests and inspections for materials having the appropriate certificates.
5The Society may modify the requirement of prence of testing and inspection by the Surveyor where the quality of materials and the quality control system of manufacturer are deemed appropriate by the Society.
1.4.2 Standard for Testing and Inspection
66岁生日1The materials are to comply with the requirements of Chapter 3 to 8 in this Part.
2The chemical composition is to be analized on samples generally taken from each melt. A check analysis may be required by the Society where deemed necessary.
3Materials differing from tho specified in this Part are to be tested and inspected according to the approved specifications or standards for the testing.
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4The Society may request tests under different conditions or different kind of tests specified in this Part in consideration of the intended rvice condition of the materials.
1.4.3 Quality and Repair
1All materials are to be free from harmful defects. Repairing of defects is not permitted unless the extent and method of repair (including welding procedure and heat treatment) are approved by the Surveyor.
2In the event of any material proving unsatisfactory in the process of being worked, it is to be rejected, notwithstanding any previous certificate of satisfactory testing and inspection where the Surveyor considers necessary.
1.4.4 Additional Tests before Rejection
1Where part of the results of any mechanical test except impact test does not conform to the requirements, but the remainders are satisfactory, additional test specimens twice in number may be taken from the same material and re-tests for the failed test may be carried out. In such a ca, all of the test specimens are to conform to the Rule requirements.
2Where the results of impact test do not conform to the requirements, additional tests are to be carried out in accordance with the requirements in each Chapter.
3If a heat treated material fails to meet the requirements in any test, re-tests may be allowed after being heat treated again. In this ca, however, the material is not to be considered as having complied with the requirements
unless all tests fully comply with the test requirements.
4 If the percentage of elongation of any tensile test specimen is less than that specified and any part of fracture is outside the one-fourth of the gauge length from the centre of gauge length, the test is to be considered as invalid, and an additional test for the material from which the first test specimen has been taken may be allowed.
1.5 Marking and Test Certificate
1.5.1 Marking
1 Every materials complying with the requirements is to be clearly stamped with the Society's brand including the marks deemed appropriate by the Society and material grade mark, and marked with the following particulars in at least one position by the maker.
(1) Name or mark to identify the maker.
(2) Number or mark to identify the piece.
(3) Name, order number or other identification marks (if required by the purchar)
2 Materials which are unsuitable for stamping may be marked with brands, als or by other suitable means.
3 Materials which can not be stamped and marked in accordance with the requirements in -1 and -2 due to small size may be properly marked in the lump.
1.5.2 Test Certificate
安装空调1 The manufacturer is to submit test certificate on the rolled steel materials which have pasd the specified test and inspection requirements for each material mark for the Surveyor's signature. However, another method may be ud instead of Surveyor's signature, provided that it is deemed appropriate by the Society.
2 The test certificate specified in -1 are to contain, in addition to the dimensions, mass, etc., of the steel material, at least items (1) through (9) of the following particulars :
(1) Purchar's order number and if known the ship number which the material is intended ;
(2) Identification number or symbol ;
(3) Identification of manufacturer ;
(4) Identification of grade of material ;
(5) Chemical Composition (ladle analysis on elements specified in the requirement and added when necessary)
(6) Carbon equivalent (eq C ) or cold cracking susceptibility (cm P ) calculated from the following formula using ladle analysis (only in such a ca as specified in this Part.) ;
(%)15
56Cu Ni V Mo Cr Mn C eq C ++++++= (%)510中国的地理位置
152060202030B V Mo Cr Ni Cu Mn Si C cm P ++++++++= (7) Mechanical test results ;
(8) Condition of heat treatment (e.g. normalized or controlled roll except for as rolled) ;
(9) Deoxidation practice is to be stated (rimed steel only).
3 The manufacturer is to enter the following statement on the certificate to show that the steel material has been made by an approved process, and the declaration is to be signed by the personnel of the manufacturing shop in charge of product quality control or inspection. However, another method may be ud instead of the signature of the person in charge, provided that it is deemed appropriate by the Society.
(Example)
We hereby certify that the material has been made by an approved process and has been satisfactorily tested in accordance with the Rules of Nippon Kaiji Kyokai.
4 The requirements in -1 to -3 are to be applied to the materials which are specified in this Part but which are other than rolled steel materials.
Chapter 2 TEST SPECIMENS AND MECHANICAL TESTING PROCEDURES
2.1 General
2.1.1 Application
1 Test specimens and mechanical testing procedures for materials are to comply with the requirements in this Chapter, unless otherwi specially provided in and after the next Chapter.
2 Where specimens and mechanical testing procedures differing from tho prescribed in this Part are ud, they are to be approved by the Society.
3 Test samples are to be cut and test specimens are to be collected, according to each requirement specified in and after the next Chapter.
2.2 Test Specimens
2.2.1 Preparation of Test Specimens
1 Except where otherwi specified or agreed with the Surveyor, test samples are not to be detached from the material until being stamped by the Surveyor.
2 If test samples are cut from material by flame cutting or shearing, a reasonable margin is required to enable sufficient material to be removed from the cut edges during final machining.
3 The preparation of test specimens is to be done in such a manner that test specimens are not subjected to any significant cold straining or heating.
4 If any test specimen shows defective machining or defects having no relation to the substantial nature, it may be discarded and substituted by another test specimen.
2.2.2 Tensile Test Specimens
1 Tensile test specimens are to be of size and dimensions given in Table K2.1, and the both ends of the test specimen may be machined to such a shape as to fit the holder of the testing machine.
2 The manufacturers may u the test specimens approved by the Society, besides tho specified in Table K2.1. In this ca, the required elongation is to be calculated from the following formula :
b
L A E a n ⎟⎟⎠⎞⎜⎜⎝⎛⋅⋅= n : Required elongation of test specimen
E : Required elongation for the proportional specimens specified in Table K2.1
A : Actual ctional area of test specimen
L : Actual gauge length of test specimen
ps照片换底色b a , : Constants given in Table K2.2 in accordance with the kind of materials.
3 The permissible variation (difference between the maximum and minimum values) at the machine-finished parallel part of test specimens is to be as specified in Table K2.3.
2.2.3 Bend Test Specimens
Bend test specimens are to be of size and dimensions given in Table K2.4 according to the kind of materials.
2.2.4 Impact Test Specimens
1 Impact test specimens are to be provided in a t of three pieces.
2 Impact test specimens are to be of size and dimensions given in Fig. K2.1 and Table K2.5. The notch is to be cut in a face of the specimen which was originally perpendicular to the rolled surface.
形式英语3 The position of the notch is not to be nearer than 25 mm to a flame-cut or sheared edge.
4 Where U 4 impact test specimen having the size specified in above -2 can not be taken becau of the thickness of material, the width W of the test specimen may be reduced to the dimensions given in (1) or (2) below, according
to the thickness of material.
(1) Refer to Table K2.6 for rolled steel materials.
(2) Refer to Table K2.7 for steel pipes.
Test
Specimens
for
2.2.5 Confirmation
The size and dimensions of test specimens are to be carefully inspected and verified by suitable means before testing.
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Table K2.1 Size and Dimensions of Tensile Test Specimens (Unit : mm)
Notes:
(1) The following designations are ud;
d: diameter, a: thickness, W: width, L: gauge length (Recommended to be 20 mm and over), P: parallel part length,
A: cross-ction, R: transition radius, D: extermal tube-diameter, t: thickness of material
(2) When L =5d or A
.5, the specimen is called a proportional test specimen. The gauge length may be rounded off
65
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the nearest 5 mm provided that the difference between this length and L is less than 10% of L.
(3) Except Aluminium alloys of thickness 12.5 mm and less.
