Peking Opera：Artistry of Performers
Many foreign friends first learn about Chine culture through the numerous Chine restaurants found all over the world , and soon discern that China is a country with delicious cuisine (菜肴)．The cond impression of Chine culture is often Peking Opera , who masks are now almost emblematic （标志性的）of China . Many countries design posters using Peking opera masks to signal a “year of Chine Culture”. To understand Chine culture, therefore, some knowledge about Peking Opera is indeed indispensable.
The role types of Peking Opera
1. Generally speaking, all the roles can be divided into four types, they are Sheng (male role), Dan(female role), Jing(roles with painted faces) and Chou(clown). And each of the types can be further divided into more sub roles as following:
male roles (生)
(1) middle-aged or old men(老生)
(2) men with martial skills(武生)
(3) young men(小生)
female roles (旦)
(1) an elderly woman(老旦)
(2) a woman with a strict moral code(青衣)
(3) women with martial skills(刀马旦)
(4) Young girl(花旦)
roles with painted faces (净)
(1) civilian type(文净)
(2) warrior type(武净)
chou or clown (a comic character )（丑）
(1) civilian clown(文丑)
(2) clown with martial skills(武丑)
The Delights of Peking Opera Masks
2 China’s Peking opera radiates with the beauty of resplendent （华丽的）color - - vivid , inten and glamorous. This artistic beauty comes not only from the costumes but also from the masks of exaggerated, dazzling designs, gleaming with reds, purples, whites, yellows, blacks, blues, greens, every diver color imaginable.
3 公司团建拓展训练 言讲稿Masks, applied to the two roles of the “jing”, or “painted-face role” and the “chou”山的呼唤 or “clown”, rve two purpos. One is to indicate the identity and character of the role. For example, a “red face” means the person is loyal and brave; a “black face” signifies the person is straightforward; and a “white face” identifies the person as crafty and evil. The other purpo is to express people’s appraisal of the roles from a moral and aesthetic point of view, such as respectable, hateful, noble, or ridiculous, etc.
嘀嗒歌词
4Besides being evocative. Peking Opera masks are in and of themlves an art of beautiful colors and designs for aesthetic appreciation. For example, Zhang Fei, a heroic character from the Three Kingdoms Period (220-280), has a facial design in Peking Opera in the shape of a butterfly-- a masterpiece perfectly combining personality and artistic design. The intriguing beauty of the color and design of Peking Opera masks adds to the attractive spectacle onstage. Many Chine folk handicrafts (e.g. kites, dough and clay figurines, carpets, and tapestries织锦), posters, advertiments, and fashions adopt Peking Opera masks as a source element in their designs.
关于茶的诗词
Peking Opera Performance: Sing, Speak, Act, and Fight
5 To Chine people, going to the theater to enjoy Peking Opera or other artistic performances is known as “eing plays”. What is a play” in the Chine context? In Peking Opera, “a play” is not so much the story or plot but a world of images created onstage, a wonderful arena of harmony between ntiments and ttings.
6 The “play” or “world of images勤俭节约的名言” created by Peking Opera naturally relies on the plot provided by the script, and more importantly on the performance of the actors. However, to form a “world of images” in Peking Opera, the plot of a story provides only the framework and background, while the charm is produced by the actors’ performances. Mei Lanfang (1894-1961), the greatest Peking Opera artist, once remarked that the feature of the art of Peking Opera is “actors being at the center”. Peking Opera actors are the crux （关键）in creating a world of images onstage.
7 The performance of a Peking opera actor can be summarized into four basic aspects, of singing, speaking, acting, and fighting, the core of which is a combination of song and choreography.
8 Singing is of utmost importance in the performance of Peking opera, becau first of all, Peking opera is a singing art. Any famous Peking Opera boasts veral wonderful arias （曲调）that are well -毒战好看吗known and popular with audiences. The charm of the melodies usually embodies the sublime realm of the art of Peking Opera. Unable to appre
ciate the magic of Peking Opera arias, one would fail to enjoy the profound beauty of the art itlf.
9 Speaking refers to character monologs and dialogs, which rve to propel （推动）the development of the story. Speaking, like singing, needs to be executed in an appealing（有吸引力的）way.
10 Acting and fighting mean that actors employ physical movements to express the emotions of the characters and the circumstances. Acting includes body movements and eye movements, solo dancing or group dancing, etc. Most of the dancing is choreographed movements from everyday life. Fighting is choreographed martial arts and acrobatics 西红柿去皮（杂技）to depict fight or battle scenes. As the art of Peking Opera depends on movement to depict events, actors are given much room to perform on the stage. In the opera Picking up the Jade bracelet (《拾玉镯》), the young woman Sun Yujiao and the young scholar fall in love with each other , their eyes affixed （使固定）on each other as if a thread connected them. Then, as Matchmaker Liu us her pipe to pull the “virtual” line up and down, the young couple’s eyes accordingly move up and down. The actions produce great humor and add much significance to th
e performance. Acting and fighting rve the whole “play” or the “world of images”, but at the same time they are themlves a beautiful art in both form and skill. For example, in King Chu Bids Farewell to His Concubine (《霸王别姬》), artist Mei Lanfang performed a sword dance in a miraculously skillful way , which became very popular with audiences. This is a type of beauty in form. As for the beauty of skill, this usually includes some very difficult acrobatic movements, often referred to as “superb skills”.
