大学英语四级分类模拟题404
Reading Comprehension
青岛公积金贷款Section A
More young Americans have become better educated. This reflects a 1 in the labor market, which has increasingly rewarded post-condary education. At the same time, the economy has en a decrea in well-paid manual labor that required skills learned on the job or in trade schools. The shift to a more rvice-oriented economy means universities and colleges have 2 trade schools and apprenticeships.
On the one hand that is good becau it makes the American labor force better educated. Theoretically, it should also increa meritocracy (精英教育). Much of the income. 3 in America can be explained by the earning differential between college and non-college graduates. As more people attend university, income differences should be reduced. But as university education becomes more widely 4 , should curricula change?
Between labor-market demand and innate ability, probably only a fraction of the population benefit 5 写景诗句 from doing so.
白诗
On the other hand, America 6 from title inflation. A university degree is now a prerequisite (必要条件) to middle-class membership. Rather than just being 7 of education, it is also an expensive and time-consuming signal. The high rate of entrance examination masks a grave problem. Dropping out of university is at 8 公开信 levels, especially among low-income Americans. Starting but not finishing a degree 9 in a considerable loss of time and money. Many poor students drop out not just becau of cost, but becau they find themlves unprepared and frustrated. Offering more practical degrees could be part of the solution to this problem, though it is not a 10 solution.
A. available I. equaled
运动会新闻报道 B. consists J. proof
C. converly K. replaced
D. decrea L. results
E. delicate M. shift
F. difference N. suffers
G. economically O. sufficient
自己的缺点
H. epidemic
Section B
A Grassroots Remedy
母亲的故事
A. Most of us spend our lives eking the natural world. To this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the aside, buy a weekend place in the country. The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk. And when joggers (慢跑者) jog, they don't run the streets. Every one of them instinctively heads to the park or the river. It
is my profound belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all ek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not.
B. But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived (丧失). I spent my boyhood climbing trees on Streatham Common, South London. The days, children are robbed of the ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and odd new perceptions about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found. The truth is to be found elwhere. A study in the US: Families had moved to better housing and the children were assd for ADHD—attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (多动症). Tho who accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; tho who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.
C. A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children ud only to a normal playground. A US study suggested that when a school gave children access to a
natural environment, academic levels were raid across the entire school. Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment. In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy (等级) bad on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead. But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now bad on imagination and creativity.
D. Most bullying (恃强凌弱) is found in schools where there is a tarmac (柏油碎石) playground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore. This reminds me unpleasantly of Sunnyhill School in Streatham, with its harsh tarmac, where I ud to hang about in corners fantasising about wildlife. But children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cau damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children themlves: not to their bodies but to their souls.
E. One of the great problems of modern childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs. Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nat
ure gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places. The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature. The increasing emphasis for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality.皮皮的斗争
