软件工程课后习题:
⏹现货交易技巧 What are the differences between generic software product development and custom software development?
⏹ Solution:
The esntial difference is that in generic software product development, the specification is owned by the product developer. For custom product development, the specification is owned by the customer. Of cour, there may be differences in development process but this is not necessarily the ca.
重要区别为：在通用软件的开发过程中，详细说明（规格说明书）由产品开发者来制定，在定制软件产品开发过程中，详细说明（规格说明书）由客户来制定。
⏹ What are the four important attributes which all software products should have? Suggest four other attributes that may sometimes be significant.
⏹曾家岩50号 Solution:
For important attributes are maintainability可维护性, dependability 可靠性, performance(efficiency)有效性 and usability可用性.
Other attributes that may be significant could be reusability可复用性 (can it be reud in other applications), distributability 可分发性(can it be distributed over a network of processors), portability可移植性 (can it operate on multiple platforms) and inter-operability鲨鱼的种类互用性 (can it work with a wide range of other software systems).
⏹ What is the difference between a software process model and a software process? Suggest two ways in which a software process model might be helpful in identifying possible process improvements.
⏹ Solution:
彩泥棒棒糖A software process is what actually goes on when software is developed. A software process model is an abstraction and simplification of a process. Process models can be ud to help understand real process and to identify which aspects of the proce
ss could be supported by CASE tools. 软件过程就是指在软件开发过程中所做的一些事情。软件过程模型是过程的抽象和简化。过程模型可用于帮助理解真正的过程，并可用于识别过程中的哪些方面可用CASE工具支持。
计算机发展史
⏹ Giving reasons for your answer bad on the type of system being developed, suggest the most appropriate generic software process model that might be ud as a basis for managing the development of the follow systems:
1) Anti-lock braking system
2) Virtual reality system
3) University accounting system
盛子曰
4) Interactive timetable
Solution:
(a) Anti-lock braking system: Safety-critical 安全鉴定system so method bad on formal tr
项目群管理ansformations with proofs of equivalence等价 between each stage.
(b) Virtual reality system: System who requirements cannot be predicted预知 in advance预先地 so exploratory programming model is appropriate.
(c) University accounting system: System who requirements should be stable becau of existing system therefore waterfall model is appropriate.
(d) Interactive timetable交互式时间表: System with a complex ur interface but which must be stable and reliable. Should be bad on throw-away prototyping to find requirements then either incremental development or waterfall model.
⏹ Why a software system that is ud in a real world environment must change or become progressively(日益增多地) less uful?
⏹ Solution:
Systems must change becau as they are installed in an environment the environment a
dapts to them and this adaptation naturally generates new/different system requirements. 这种适应自然生成新的系统需求
Furthermore, the system's environment is dynamic and constantly generates new requirements as a conquence of changes to the business, business goals and business policies.商务的目标以及政治相关Unless the system is adapted to reflect the requirements, its facilities will become out-of-step with the facilities needed to support the business and, hence, it will become less uful.
⏹ Why a good programmers is not always be a good software managers?
⏹ Solution:
Management activities such as proposal writing, project planning and personal lection require a t of skill including prentation 表述能力and communication skills交流的能力. Organizational skills组织能力 and the ability to communicate with other project team members.
Programming skills are distinct from the, it is common that they lack human communication skills他们缺乏交流技巧是一个普遍的事实. So it does not follow that good programmers can re-orient their abilities to be good managers.
管理活动包括提出书面建议，项目规划和进度，人员选择和评价，项目监督和评审，和其他队友的交流能力等。程序设计者的任务就不是这些，他们不需要和人交流的能力，如果按照做好一个程序设计者的要求去做管理者的话，他肯定不是一个号的管理者。
⏹ Why the process of project planning is iterative and why a plan must be continually不断地 reviewed during a software project.
⏹ Solution:
Project planning can only be bad on available information. At the beginning of a project, there are many uncertainties in the available information and some information about the project and the product may not be available. As the project develops, more and more information becomes available and uncertainties are resolved. The project plan
therefore must be reviewed and updated regularly to reflect this changing information environment.
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