专题6动词及动词短语制度
专题六动词及动词短语
(Verbs &Verb Phras)
第⼀讲动词的种类及动词形式
(The category of verb and verb forms)
⼀、动词的分类
分类词汇⽤法特征
实义动词及物动词：可直接带宾语的实义动词
不及物动词：不可直接带宾语的实义动词
状态动词（相对静⽌）: contain/
动作动词: 延续性:
⾮延续性: marry/die/
1.实义动词词义完整，可单独作谓语；
2.有⼈称的数和时态形式的变化；
3.很多动词既可以是及物动词也可以是
不及物动(clo/begin/study/leave/work
等)；
系动词be/feel/ look/em/ taste/appear/sound
become/get/turn/grow/go
keep/remain/make
系动词有⼀定的词义，但不完整，不能
单独作谓语，必须与其后表语⼀起构成
2001年五行属什么
系表结构
助动词be: am/is/are/was/were/being/been
do/does/did ; have/has/had
will/would ; shall/should
助动词没有独⽴意义，帮助其它动词⼀
起构成时态、语态、语⽓，否定和疑问
等
情态动词can/could ; will/would ; shall/should ; may/might ; must ; need ; ought to ; have to ; had better ; dare
1.情态动词⽤来表达说话⼈或主语的情
感、态度、语⽓和猜测；
2.不能单独作谓语，需与其它动词原形
⼀起构成谓语；⼀般没有⼈称和数的变
化；
分析下列划线动词的类型：
1. Johnson gave his wife twenty pounds for her birthday.
2. Most shops in Beijing open at 9: and clo at 5:00 in the afternoon.
3. The post office clos at 18:00.
4. Clo the window,plea.
5. She works in a supermarket.
6. He works the machine on Mondays.
7. Jack and Tom are farmers.
8. It’s becoming more and more expensive to travel abroad.
9. The problem remained unsolved until last month.
痘痘位置10. He is waiting for the bus.
11. Steel is made by steel workers.
12. Sha hasn’t bought a new pair of shoes since 1996.
13. You speak English as fluently as she does.
14. We sure that she could pass the test.
15. There is no bus here in the village we have to walk there.
香菇简笔画⼆、动词的形式
类型规则变化例词
谓语动词
原形
动词本⾝的形式，⽤动词原形其它的⼏种情
况：
1.动词不定式，情态动词，助动词（do/does/did ;
will/would ; shall / should）之后；
2.祈使句中的谓语动词，要⽤原形；
3.其它⼀些固定句型中；
finish ; hike ; climb ; 三单式
1. ⼀般情况，在词尾+ s；
2. 以s/x/sh/ch/o结尾，词尾+es；
3. 以辅⾳字母+y结尾，改y为i，再+es；
4.不规则变化：have--has be--is
悲悯是什么意思
stop--stops
brush--brushes
study--studies
过去式
1.⼀般情况，在词尾+ed；
2.以不发⾳的e结尾，直接+d；
3.以辅⾳字母+y结尾，改y为i，再+ed；
4.以⼀个辅⾳字母结尾的重读闭⾳节结尾，双
写最后⼀个辅⾳字母，再+ed；
5.不规则变化（见不规则动词表）；
want--wanted
live--lived
study--studied
plan--planned
have--had
go--went
现在分词
1.⼀般情况，在词尾+ing；
2.不发⾳的e结尾，去e加ing；
3.以⼀个辅⾳字母结尾的重读闭⾳节结尾，双
写最后⼀个辅⾳字母，再+ing；
4.以ie结尾的，改ie为y，再+ing；
work--working
live--living
run--running
lie--lying
tie--tying
过去分词
规则变化与动词不定式变化相同；
（不规则变化见不规则动词表）
learn--learned/learnt
do--done
⾮谓不定式（to do /do）；动名词（doing）；分词（doing/done）
语动词
三、动词种类的⾼频考点
1）形近动词的辨析
① Thousands of foreigners were _____C_____ to Shanghai World Expo the day it open.
B. attained
C. attracted
D. attached
② In just a decade, the company has been ____A_____ from a family business to a large operation.
A. transformed
B. transmitted
C. transferred
D. transported
2）意近动词的辨析
意义内涵不同，即词义相近但内涵⽤法有细微差别的题⽬
① --In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.
--I can’t agree more. It’s great to have the two ____D____.
A. linked
B. related
C. connected
D. combined
② When his brother was to cross the street, he was knocked down by a truck and badly ____A____.
A. injured
B. damaged
C. harmed
D. destroyed
动作结果不同：有些词虽然意思不同，但⽤法不同，有的表⽰某个动作，另⼀个则表⽰该动作所产⽣的结果
If they don’t want to go, nothing you can say will ___A____ them.文字狱
A. persuade
B. promi
黄姜饭
C. invite
D. advi
3）主从复合句中的动词
1. 定语从句中的动词辨析
Two lawyers have donated $ 50 000 to ____A_____ our school’s campaign “Help the Needy”,which was started by our former headmaster three years ago.
A. sponsor
B. launch
C. organize
D. plan
2. 状语从句中的动词辨析
Parents and children should communicate more to ____B_____ the gap between them so that they can understand each other better.
A. open
B. narrow
C. widen
D. leave
4）固定⽤法中的动词
① William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to ____C____.
A. disappear
B. fall
C. fail
D. damage
② You are old enough to ____D____ your own living.
A. win
B. gain
C. take
D. earn
5）动词与其它词的搭配
白头如新① What are you doing out of bed,Tom? You’re _____A_____ to be asleep.
A. suppod
B. known
C. thought
D. considered
② Mary, I ____B____ John of his promi to help you.
A. told
B. reminded
C. warned
D. advid
6）对感官动词的考查
The father elt himlf ____A_____ cold and his hands trembled as she read the letter from his son.
A. grow
B. grew
C. grown
D. to grow
7）对系动词的考查
