（英语）高考英语被动语态真题汇编(含答案)及解析
一、单项选择被动语态
1．Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth becau she_________ that the cloth
_________very well.
A．has been told; washes B．had been told; washed
C．was told; was washed D．had been told; was washed
【答案】B
【解析】
公司税务考查时态与感官动词。主句时态为过去时，而从句时态发生在主句之前，即过去的过去，故用过去完成时。像feel, smell, look, wash等表示感官的动词不用被动语态，直接用主动语态，结合前面时态可知，应选washed。句意: 随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布，因为有人告诉她那种布很好洗。故选B。
2．I intend to buy that kind of clothes becau I ____ that they _____ well.
A．have told; wash B．have been told; wash
C．was told; washed D．have been told; are washed
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【答案】B
【解析】
考察时态。根据题意，我想买那种衣服，因为有人告诉过我他们洗起来不错。可知从句内容为过去已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时态。他们洗起来不错则是一个客观存在的事实，过去存在，现在及将来都会存在，故用一般现在时态。选B。
3．Many subway sta ons, including the one near our school, ________ at prent for a be er transport in the city.
A．are construc ng B．are being constructed C．is construc ng D．is being constructed 【答案】B
【解析】
广州夜景【详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：许多地铁站，包括我们学校附近的地铁站，目前正在建设中，以便有更便利的交通。此处表示动作正在进行，句中主语Many subway sta ons和动词construct是被动关系，所以此处用现在进行时的被动，与主语一致，故选B.
【点睛】
现在进行时的被动结构：be + being+过去分词
A number of Dongfeng trucks are being shipped abroad.一批东风卡车正被运往国外。 1）“be being done” 中的动词be 应随主语作相应的变化。
2）将现在进行时的主动语态变为现在进行时的被动语态的关键是：把be doing 变为be being done.
例1. The students are cleaning the classroom 1. The students are cleaning the classroom now. →The classroom is being w. →The classroom is being cleaned now. 现在学生们正在打扫教室。 (are cleaning 变为is being cleaned)
例2. The boy is coun ng some sheep. →Some sheep are being counted.
那男孩正在数羊。 (is coun ng 变为 are being counted)
4．Every means ______, but none proved ______.
A ．have tried; a success
B ．have been tried; successfully
C ．has tried; to be successful
D ．has been tried; successful
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查主谓一致。means 是单复数同形的名词，单复数取决于修饰词，这句话means 用every 修饰，说明是单数，谓语用单数，而且means 和try 是被动关系，用has been tried ，第二空的prove 是连系动词，后面接形容词做表语。句意：每种办法都被尝试过了，但没有一个证明是成功的。选D 。
5．To my ________， he was not a li le ________ at the news that he had won the first prize in the English speech contest, for he thought that he didn't perform so well.
A ．astonishment ；astonishing
B ．astonished ；astonishing
C ．astonishment ；astonished
D ．astonish ；astonishment
【答案】C
【解析】
考查astonish 相关短语的用法。使我惊讶的是，他对这个消息并不感到惊讶.to one's astonishment“使某人感到惊讶的是”；be astonished at sth.“对某事感到惊讶”。故选C.
6．8 students and 2 teachers at Santa Fe High School by a 17-year-student armed with a
樟蚕shotgun and a pistol. This is one of the many gun-related tragedies that have happened in the last 2
years.
A ．killed
B ．were killed小炒黄牛肉图片
C ．have killed
D ．have been killed
【答案】B
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：在圣塔菲高中，一名17岁的学生手持猎枪和一把手枪，在
圣塔菲高中杀害了8名学生和2名教师。8 students and 2 teachers是句子主语，复数形式，和kill之间是被动关系，再根据in the last 2 years.可知这是最近两年发生的与枪有关的事故之一，可知这是在讲过去的事情，所以句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为B。
7．It was the natural disaster, rather than human errors, that ________ for the death of so many innocent people.
A．are blamed B．was to blame C．was blamed D．were to blame 【答案】B
酱牛肉制作方法【解析】
【详解】
考查主谓一致以及be to blame的用法。句意：是自然灾害，而不是人为错误，应对这么多无辜人类的死亡负责。be to blame for…表示“应受责备，应对……负责”时，固定短语，因此排除A、C项；这里强调主语the natural disaster，是一个强调句，谓语动词应与主语保持一致，即与the natural disaster保持一致，因此用was to blame，故选B项。
8．Usually Beijing Roast Duck _____ together with special pancakes, green onions and sweet sauce.
A．was rved B．will rve
C．is rved D．rved
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态和被动语态。句意：通常北京烤鸭配上特制的薄煎饼、青葱和甜酱。句子说的是一般情况，要用一般现在时态；句子主语Beijing Roast Duck是单数第三人称，和谓语动词rve之间是被动关系，所以推知句子要用一般现在时态的被动语态，故答案为C。
9．You can’t move in right now. The hou _____ now.
A．has painted B．is painted
C．is being painted D．is pain ng
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
呐喊是什么意思考查语态。句意：你现在不能搬进来，房子正在被粉刷。根据句意可知，此处应使用现在进行时的被动语态。故C选项正确。
个性的英文
10．If we had taken such effec ve measures much earlier, the river so riously now. A．is not polluted B．would not be polluted
C．had not been polluted D．would not have been polluted
【答案】B
选B 句意：如果我们早采取有力措施，现在河水就不会污染这么严重。主句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，用would加动词原形。
11．The old man was weak a er the accident; so he ______ carefully by us.
A．must be take care of B．must take care of
C．must look a er D．must be looked a er
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查含情态动词的被动语态。句意：事故发生后，老人很虚弱；所以他必须由我们仔细照顾。固定词组：take care of/ looked a er“照顾”；句子主语he和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以这里是含情态动词
的被动语态，“情态动词+be +过去分词”。故选D。
nearly 9 million mes since it was posted on the Internet four The singer’s music video nearly 9 million mes since it was posted on the Internet four 12．The singer’s music video
weeks ago.
A．viewed B．has viewed
C．was viewed D．has been viewed
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：考查动词时态与语态辨析。A. viewed，一般过去式；B. was viewed过去式的被动语态；C. has viewed，现在完成式；D. has been viewed，现在完成式的被动语态。句意：自从四个星期前这位歌手的音乐视频被放在互联网上，这个视频的访问量达到了将近9百万次。since从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时has done形式，又因music video是被访问的，故要用被动语态。故选D。
考点：考查动词时态与语态辨析。
13．The new library ________; it will be open next year.
A．had been built B．was built
C．was being built D．is being built
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。
14．—Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow?
—Pity he ______ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher.
A．was nt B．has been nt
C．had been nt D．would be nt
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：————Peterson
Peterson 叔叔明天会来参加我的生日聚会吗？——很可惜他已经被派到Zimbabwe 去做志愿教师了。由语境可知，Uncle Peterson 被派到Zimbabwe 这是发生在过去的事情，这个动作对现在产生了影响，故该空应用现在完成时态。且主语he 和nd 之间是被动关系，故该句要用被动语态。综上，B 选项正确。 15．At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scien sts were surprid by what ______ in science and technology.
A ．has discovered
B ．has been discovered
C ．had discovered
D ．had been discovered
【答案】D
【解析】句意：在东京举行的颁奖仪式上，科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。科学家们感到惊讶是过去式，故科学技术发现用过去完成时，what 于动词discover 是被动关系，故选D 。
16．The affairs of each country should be by its own people.
A ．elected
B ． led
C ．developed
D ．contained
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词。句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知，选 le ，意为“解决”。elect 选举；develop 发展；contain 包含，控制。故选B 。
17．一When shall we start the restora on of the historic buildings?
一Not un l our plan________ by the commi ee ．
A ．will be approved
B ．approves
C ．is to approve
D ．has been approved
【答案】D
【解析】
这题考查时态语态，our plan 和approve 是被动关系，用被动，选择A 或D 。A 项是一般将来时，not un l 引导的是时间状语从句，不能用将来时，可以用一般现在时或现在完成时，选D 。
18．(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caud a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly.
A ．will be published
B ．have been published
C ．had been published
D ．are published 【答案】A
【解析】
考查时态。shortly 不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来
