何晓春
商务英语文选
Unit 1
Why China Works
Exercis
1. Answer the questions on the text:
1) How does the author view the Chine economy?
It is the most important bright spot in the world economy under the global recession, the only major economy that is likely to show significant growth this year, and the only one that routinely breaks every rule in the economic textbook.
2) According to the author, why can the Chine economy perform so well? Becau of:
(1) the capacity for state control by the Chine government.
(2) its rejection of exotic financial innovations that are the melting core of the
黑豆泡醋的功效
global credit crisis.
(3) the integration of its economic policies between traditional market tools and
state control measures.
3) In what way does the author imply that western economists are erroneous in their bias toward “China’s market economic system”?
The United States and Europe are moving toward state control by nationalizing their banking and car industries, and imposing heavy new regulation on the financial industry.
4) What is the view of Stephen Roach on the Chine economy system?
Investment is the backbone of sustainable growth in the Chine economy, which works more effectively than other market bad systems in times of economic stress.
5) Why can China work in the eye of the author?
It has followed a radical pragmatism focusing on a slow but steady shift toward freer markets.
6) What is regarded as the strategic thinking of the Chine leaders in market reforms?
They understand even under the rious financial crisis that it can stabilize the Chine market and economy to introduce more sophisticated forms of curitization, including stock index funds, corporate bonds and other debt products. They also realize that, in the cour of doing this, they should learn from the mistakes the westerners have made.
7) What is the example given to illustrate the steadiness of the Chine leaders in their policy execution?
They continue to allow the value of yuan to ri despite of the American charges and the need for export competitiveness by their own enterpris.
8) What is “shock therapy”?
It is the economic policy adopted in Russia from 1991 to 1992 that totally deregulated prices and lead to a runaway inflation. It proved to be all shock and no therapy.
9) In what ways does the Chine economic system work efficiently?
It can get things done quickly, move in a coherent manner, and marshal its people and resources to a common target: economic growth and prosperity.
烧公鸡11) What are the Internet and public opinion ud for?
For putting pressure on local officials and influencing policy decisions.
2. Fill in each blank of the following ntences with one of the phras in the list given below. Make changes when necessary.
1) At a time when the need is growing for mental health rvices, many countries
are unfortunately cutting back on its spending.
特店2) There is an increasing number of people out of work. But the western media often
unfairly label them as lazy and reliable.
3) Now that the flow of oil has been stopped by BP, the impact of all the spilled oil
and natural gas is still being measured.
乡村振兴计划
4) Once again its ability to steer economic policy will be tested against the
ability to deliver on rvices and projects aimed at growing the economy and jobs.
5) Housing prices are incredibly high today. But he bought his hou for a song
about five years ago.
6) As people are complaining high prices, especially tho related to daily
necessities, the government feels rather urgent to hold down inflation rate immediately.
7) Under the new economy policy investors are invited to buy into state-owned
enterpris.
8) Since a rious gun shooting occurred in Arizona last week, curity concerns国防科技大学专业
have trickled down to all places, including residential buildings.
9) Social unrest is a daily occurrence in the country nowadays. It is in the last place
when it comes to investment for multinational companies.
10) Efforts to ban smoking in China are so effective yet. Some chain smokers never
think of quitting while many others have battled in vain to quit.
3. Match the terms in column A with the definitions in column B:
take的意思A_______________________ B__________________________________
1)financial innovation A) A reduction in the general availability of loans (or
credit) or a sudden tightening of the conditions
required to obtain a loan from the banks.7
2)stimulus package B) A non-bank entity or organization such as
investment companies and mutual funds that
invests in large quantities. 8
3)overheating C)A legal entity created by a government to undertake
commercial activities on its behalf. 6
4)stamp tax D) The trading of a corporation's stock or other
curities (e.g. bonds or stock options) by
individuals with potential access to non-public
information.9
E) An industry that requires large amounts of capital,
machinery and equipment to produce goods. 5
5)capital-intensive ctor F) Generation of new and creative approaches to
curities, money management or investing. 1
6)state-run firm G) An economy that is expanding so rapidly that too
much money is chasing too few goods and
economists fear a ri in inflation . 3
7)credit crisis H) tax levied on certain legal transactions such as the
transfer of a property such as building, copyright,
land, patent, and curities. 4
8)institutional investor I) A plan or a ries of measures taken by a
government to jump-start its ailing economy,
generally as a part of its fiscal policy. 2
9) insider trading
4. Translate the following passage into Chine.
我们所面临的来自中国的真正挑战并不是他们向我们大量销售的货物，而恰恰相反，是他们正在提升的价值链。这在将来可能会对美国经济构成最严重的新挑战。
在过去三十年的大部分时间里，中国集中精力建设基础设施，这主要靠廉价的劳动力和勤劳苦干的工人就行了。但工厂也都现代化、交通世界一流、港口大型化、机场高效化了，而且所有这些都是以人类历史上从未有过的速度和规模完成的。
现在中国又想跨入更高质产品和服务的时代。这意味着由政府官员确定的经济发展的下一步是要以建设高速网般的决心投资发展人力资本。自1998年来，中国政府已启动了大规模的教育发展计划，投入的资金按GDP比例计算增加了两倍，在而后的十年，中国的大学增加了一倍，大学生增加了四倍，从1997年的100万增长到2007年的550万。中国列出了顶级的9所大学为其常青藤大学联盟。欧洲各大学以及美国的州立大学因受大规模经费削减影响而处于崩溃状态，而中国的大学大发展趋势则恰恰相反。耶鲁大学校长理查德·雷文在今年年初的一次演讲中指出：“这次中国大学的扩展是前所未有的，在仅十年的时间里就建起了世界上规模最大的高等教育。实际上，2000年以来中国大学扩招的大学生人数超过了美国大学招生的总数。
那么这一史无前例的教育投资对中国和美国有何意义呢？诺贝尔经济学奖得主罗伯特·福格尔预测了训练有素工人的经济影响。在美国，高中毕业的工人的生产率是只受过9年教育的人的1.8倍，而大学毕业的则要高出两倍。中国正在大规模地扩大高中和大学生的人数。尽管目前中国在服务业上仍远远落后他国，但中国企业将会很快进入这一巨大市场。福格尔相信高技能工人的增多将在今后大大刺激中国的经济增长率，使其GDP在2040年之前达到惊人的123万亿美元。
不管这一难以想象的数字是否准确，但有一点是很清楚的，中国正开始提升其价值链，进入一直来只有西方国家独占的产业和工种，这才是来自中国的真正
挑战。应对这一挑战的最佳和最有效的方法不是威胁和关税，而是深层次的结构改革和大规模的投资，使美国经济重新获得活力，使美国工人再具竞争力。
5. Read the following text and choo the best ntence from the list (A-E) below to fill in each of the gaps in the text.
1)It asmbles more toys, stitches more shoes and ws more garments than any
other nation in the world.
2)China is home to 1.3 billion people and has 100 cities of more than a million
people.
3)Even at 25 cents an hour, Chine workers cost more than laborers in the poorer
尾大不掉countries of Southeast Asia or Africa.
4)Indeed, the country's embrace of market economy over the last decade and the
government's insistence that farmers fend for themlves are combining forces to all.
5)That disparity has t in motion the largest human migration in history.
Supplementary Reading
China: The next branding superpower?
1.China and the U.S disagree ________.
A.whether the Chine should buy more
B.over who dominates the bilateral trade
C.whether the value of RMB is deliberately held down
D.over what the Chine consumers should buy
2.The Americans assume that China will remain ________ so that it will continue to
import American higher value added products and rvices.
A. a manufacturing superpower
B. a developing country
C. a rvice-bad economy
D. a regional economic power
3.By moving up the value chain, China intends to become a ________.
A.manufacturing giant
B.branding superpower
D.political superpower
4.According to the author, the work of branding in China would depend more on
________.
A.domestic companies
B.foreign investors
C.the government
D.multinational companies
5.With better access to Chine market for foreign companies, what do Chine
policy makers fear?
A.Chine consumers will prefer famous foreign brands.
B.Chine brands are unable to move up to the high end of the brand
chain.
C.China can also add values through marketing and distribution.
D.China will have to spend billions building brands.
6.The Space Rate between the U.S. and the Soviet Union is mentioned to reflect
________.
A.military competition during the cold war
B.the anxiety of the Americans in the space rate
C.national economic curity in China
D.the national anxiety of China over their brand competitiveness
7.The author believes in less than a century the consumer trends in the world will be
overwhelmingly dominated by ________.
C.such brands as Coca-cola, Google, and Toyota
D.Chine brands
Unit 2
A Changed Global Reality
Exercis
1. Answer the questions on the text:
1) What are the features of the two major economies that the world has en for
more than 200 years?
One has dominated technological innovation and trade and amasd great wealth.
The cond—much of it politically under the thumb of the first—has remained poor and technologically dependent.
2) How much did low-and-middle-income countries contribute to world growth
in 2010?
Almost half (46%)
3) Taking a long term view, why is it good news that developing countries are
growing fast?
As billions of poor people become more prosperous, they will be able to afford comforts their counterparts in the rich world have long considered the normal appurtenances of life.
4) What are the worst-ca scenarios that Europe has so far avoided?
A collap of the euro, a debt crisis that spills from small economies such as
Greece and Ireland to much bigger ones like Italy and Spain, and bitter social unrest in tho nations that are having to massage wages down while cutting public budgets.
5) Why does Jim W alker think that 2011 will be a “year of reckoning”?
Becau Jim Walker thinks that the rebound in the US is a mirage created by excessive stimulus. He
郴怎么读expects the US to slip into the double dip it dodged in
