外研版高中英语选修六虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题
高中英语学习材料
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虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题
Book6 Module5语法聚焦——Mr.Zhao 虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种：
一.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句武装直升机简笔画
注意:主句中的should通常用于第一人称,would可用于任何人称,同时也可根据意思用情态动词could,might等代替should,would。
1.与现在事实相反
连接词条件从句结果从句
胎菊一次泡几朵>兰芝水乳
If 1).动词过去式(或were)
2).助动词（过去式）+动词原形
Should/Would/Could/might+动词原
形
If had the time, John would make a trip to China to e the Great Wall.
If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately.
2.与过去事实相反
连接词条件从句结果从句
If had+过去分词Should/Would/Could/might + have+过去分词If I’d known that it was going to rain, I would never have gone for a walk in the country.
3.与将来事实相反
连接词条件从句结果从句
做好本职工作If 1. should+动词原形
2. 动词过去式
3、were to+动词原形
Should/Would/could/might+动词原形
If it were to/should rain tomorrow,the meeting would be put off.
If you went there next time, you would e what I mean.
4.错综时间虚拟语气
学生请假条格式图片当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。例如:
If I were you, I would have gone home.（从句说的是现在，主句指的是过去。）
If you had followed the doctor's advice,you would be quite all right now.(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在。)
If the weather had been more favorable ,the crops would be growing still better.
其它状语从句
1. 方式状语as if(as though)控制是什么意思
如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时;表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用"had+过去分词";表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用"would(might,could)+动词原形"。例如:
He looks at me as if I were mad.
He spoke English so fluently as if he had studied English in England.
但as if(as though)后的从句也常用陈述语气,这是因为从句中的情况往往是可能发生的或可能被设想为真实的。例如: It looks as if our side is going to win.
2. 目的状语in order that,so that 从句谓语动词用" may/might,can/could)+动词原形"。例如: She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wanted.
3. 连词引导的条件状语从句:
in ca , unless ,supposing ,providing,on condition that从句谓语动词用(should)或" might, could)+动词原形"。
4. 连词引导的步状语从句lest ,for fear that等
We hid behind some bushes for fear that pasr-by should e us.
二.虚拟语气用于宾语从句
1.Suggest, advi 等动词之后宾语从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下：
要求：ask demand require request beg plead insist pray urge
建议：suggest advi propo recommend move
命令、决定：order command decide determine resolve
其它：connt derve desire intend maintain prefer等后面的宾语从句中
+that…(should )+动词原形
注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。
He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking.
They demanded that the black people should be treated as well as white people.
如果that 引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。
He insists that he is right. 注意:insist作"力言"、"强调"解时,宾语从句不用虚拟语气。只有当insist作"坚持(应该)"解时,宾语从句才用虚拟语气。例如:
Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything. I insisted that you give me my money back.
第一台电视机
2."wish+宾语从句"表示不能实现的愿望,汉语可译为"可惜……"、"……就好了"、"悔不该……"、"但愿……"等。表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用过去式;表示将来不能实现的愿望,用"would(could)+动词原形";表示过去不能实现的愿望,用"had+过去分词"或"(could)would+have+过去分词"。例如:
wish的用法
1). 与现在事实相反:动词过去式或were
I wish we could go to the aside today.
I wish I were a pop singer. (=I am sorry I am not a pop singer..)
2).与过去事实相反: 主语+wish(that)+主语+ 动词过去完成式
We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.
I wish I had never stopped teaching. (=I am sorry I stopped teaching.)
3).与将来事实相反:助动词过去式+动词原形
I wish they’d let us get some sleep.
注意：wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气。试比较：
（1）We hope they will come,(We don’t know if they can come.)
（2）We wish they could come,(We know they are not coming.)
3..虚拟语气在would rather/would sooner/would just as soon后接从句:
I'd rather you paid me now.(从句用过去时指现在)
I would rather they came tomorrow.(从句用过去时指将来)
I'd rather she hadn't done that.(从句用过去完成时指过去)(此句中的would可看作是表愿望的实义动词)比的后项可以是0吗
三.虚拟语气用于主语从句
在主语从句中,谓语动词的虚拟语气结构用"should+动词原形"的结构,表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等。例如:
