浅谈专业工程造价与成本控制管理中英文翻译
Introduction to professional engineering cost and cost control management in both Chine and English translation
思念妈妈的歌曲摘要：市政工程建设与工业工程建设一样，按照国家主管部门的统一规定，将一项建设工程划分为建设项目、单项工程、单位工程、分部工程、分项工程五个等级。控制与管理市政工程造价的成本关系着一个项目的收益其重要性不言而喻。本文先谈谈造成市政工程造价成本控制困难的原因，接着提出一套解决性措施，希望能对同行有所启发。
Abstract: the municipal engineering construction and industrial construction projects, in accordance with the unity of the competent department of the state regulations to divide a construction project for the construction project, single items of projects, unit projects, divisions, subdivisional work five grades. Cost control and management of municipal construction cost of the relationship between its importance is lf-evident. The profitability of a project This article talk about the caus of difficult control of municipal engineering cost, and then puts forward a t of measures to solve, hope to inspire peers.
关键词：市政工程 工程造价 成本控制管理 策略
高铁可以带宠物Keywords: municipal engineering cost control of construction cost management strategy
杳无音信 一、引言
One, the introduction
市政工程建设与工业工程建设一样，按照国家主管部门的统一规定，将一项建设工程划分为建设项目、单项工程、单位工程、分部工程、分项工程五个等级。市政工程是国家工程建设的一个重要组成部分，也是城市（镇）发展和建设水平的一个衡量标准。
Municipal engineering construction and industrial engineering construction, according to the unification of the competent department of state regulations, will be a construction project is divided into unit of construction project, construction project, project, subproject, subdivisional work five grades. Municipal engineering is an important part of national engineering construction, also is city (town) is a measure of the level of development and construction.
美容小知识 从投资者角度讲，市政工程造价是一项通过策划、决策、立项、设计、施工等一系列生产经营活动所形成相应的固定资产、无形资产所需用的一次性费用的总和。控制与管理市政工程造价的成本对项目收益的重要性不言而喻。本文先谈谈造成市政工程造价成本控制困难的原因，接着提出一套解决性措施，希望能对同行有所启发。
From the investor point of view, the municipal engineering cost is a through the planning, decision making, project, design, construction and a ries of production and business operation activities of the corresponding fixed asts, intangible asts have need the sum of the one-off charges. Construction cost control and management of municipal engineering cost of project benefit the importance of lf-evident. This article talk about the caus of difficult control of municipal engineering cost, and then puts forward a t of measures to solve, hope to inspire peers.
二、市政工程造价成本控制困难的原因
Second, the municipal engineering cost cost control difficult
由于市政工程项目的实物形态不一以及产品价格要素的不断变化，导致市政工程产品只能以不同的项目通过各自的程序和方法单独定价，不能统一定价。原因有以下几个方面：
cousin英语怎么读Due to the municipal engineering projects have different physical form elements and product price changing, result in municipal engineering products in different projects can only through their procedures and methods for pricing alone, not unified pricing. Reason has the following veral aspects:
龙盘虎踞 （1）市政工程项目建设周期长、程序复杂、环节多、涉及面广，在项目建设周期的不同阶段，构成产品价格的要素差别甚大，因此工程造价也千差万别。邢城
(1) municipal engineering project construction cycle is long, complicated procedure, more links, involve wide, at various stages of the project construction period, constitute the elements of product price difference is very large, so the project cost is different.
（2）市政的每一项工程都有其专门的功能和用途，都是按不同的使用要求、不同的建设规模、标准、造型等，单独设计、单独生产的。即使用途相同，按同一标准设计和生产的
产品，也会因其具体建设地点的水文地质及气候等条件不同引起结构及其他方面的变化。为了权衡投资效果，就必须对工程产品详细分析后确定造价。
(2) every municipal engineering has its special functions and purpos, are in accordance with the requirements of the u of different, different construction scale and standard, modelling, parate design and production. Even if u the same, according to the same standard design and production of products, also becau of its specific construction site hydrology and climate conditions such as different structure and other aspects of the change. In order to weigh the investment effect, it must be determined after detailed analysis of engineering products cost.
（3）进行市政工程建设时，施工企业要在不同的建设地点组织施工，常常由于不同的自然条件、经济条件使得工程产品的价格要素发生很大变化。例如地区材料价格、运输条件等对造价产生较大影响。
(3) during the municipal engineering construction, construction enterpris want to be in different locations, often due to different natural conditions, economic conditions make en
gineering changes a lot factors of price of the product. For example in material price, transportation conditions have great influence on the cost. 炖乌鸡
正是因为以上几个原因，导致市政专业工程造价不能统一规定，这就给控制市政工程造价成本带来不小的难度。
It is for more than a couple of reasons that lead to municipal engineering cost no unified regulation, this gives some difficulty on the cost control of municipal engineering cost.
三、市政工程造价的成本控制管理
3, the cost control of municipal engineering cost management
虽然市政工程造价不能统一规定，但这不代表不能控制市政工程造价的成本，关键要做到以下几点：
Although the municipal engineering cost no unified regulation, but that doesn't mean that cannot cost control of municipal engineering cost, the key to do the following:
