江苏电大时事热点 2022年中考英语阅读理解
专题10 环境污染
Passage 1
（乾隆康熙2021·山东菏泽市·中考真题） Think about what you like to wear on the weekend. There’s a good chance that you like to put on a pair of blue jeans. At any moment, about half of the world’s population is wearing jeans. But according to a new study, our love for jeans may be bad for Earth. Denim （牛仔布）might be putting some a animals in danger.
Every time we wash our jeans, tiny bits of denim will flow out of our washing machines, down into the world’s rivers, lakes and oceans.
You might wonder: Isn’t denim made of cotton, a natural material? How can it become a danger to nature? Well, in the process of making jeans, denim is treated with many types of man-made chemicals. Some improve its durability （耐用性）and feel; others give jeans th
eir blue color.
Scientists studied the Great Lakes in America and the Arctic Ocean in northern Canada. They found denim waste in all of the samples （样本）儿时的点点滴滴they had collected. It is feared that the harmful chemicals in denim have spread far and wide. Scientists aren’t yet sure how the chemicals might harm animals.
In the study, the scientists also washed jeans to e how many bits of denim each pair would drop per wash. The answer was frightening: About 50,000. Not all of them make their way into the environment. Wastewater treatment plants hold back 83 to 99 percent of them. This may sound pretty good, However, one percent of 50,000 bits are still 500 per wash. Now think about the number of jeans around the world and the times each of them gets washed. As a result, a large amount of denim waste still gets into the environment.
Does this mean we shouldn’t wear jeans? Probably not “We need to buy fewer jeans and only wash them when we truly need to do it,” says Sam Athey, one of the scientists. “You
don’t need to wash your jeans after having worn them only a couple of times.”
1．湿性发泡What influence might denim have on a animals?
A．春节的作文It might do harm to some a animals.
B．It has no influence on a animals.
C．It is good to all the a animals.
2．Why do people add man-made chemicals when making jeans?
①To save the materials and make more money.
②To improve denim’s durability and feel.
③To make jeans blue.
A．①② B．①③ C．②③
3．How many bits of denim might get into the environment every year?
A男生撒娇．Five hundred. B．Fifty thousand. C．Too many to count.
4．What should we do according to Sam Athey’s words?
A．We are not suppod to wear jeans.
B．We need to wash our jeans every day.
C．We should buy fewer jeans and wash them fewer times.
Passage 2
（2020·湖北鄂州市·中考真题） When you think of the Arctic (北极胆红素过高怎么办), you imagine an icy land of pure white snow. Others imagine it as the last really clean place left on earth. We have polluted the deepest oceans with plastic rubbish. “And now”, CNN says, “It’s the Arctic’s turn.”
German scientists have recently found microplastics in Arctic snow. Microplastics are pieces of plastic smaller than 5 millimeters. Sadly, the scientists found 1800 pieces of mic
roplastics per liter of (每升) snow.
How is plastic pollution reaching the Arctic? According to scientists, “It’s clear that most of the microplastics in the snow come from the air.” They fall off the plastic objects and are moved by the wind, just like dust. They mix with ice in the air and fall to the ground as snow. Finding the plastics in Arctic snow means that we may breathe them in.
Are they bad for us? Scientists cannot answer this question for now, according to the WHO. We do know that our bodies cannot take in “large” pieces of microplastics. However, if the plastics are small enough, they can find ways into our bodies and stay there for a long time, which can be bad for our health. What’s more, earlier studies have shown that microplastics may contribute to lung cancer risk.
Microplastics have also been found in rivers and oceans around the world. Earlier rearch has found that they flow over long distances and into our oceans, hurting ecosystems along the way. They start in our wastewater, then flow into rivers and out to the a, where they are eaten by a animals. If people then eat the animals, it means
that we’re eating the plastic as well.
5．We can learn from Paragraph 1 that________.
A．the Arctic is the last really clean place left on earth B．the Arctic is an icy land of pure white snow
C．the Arctic is a beautiful icy land with clean air D． the Arctic has been polluted by plastic rubbish
6．The underlined word “contribute” means “_______” in Chine.
A．增加 B．捐献 C．造成 D．是……原因之一
7．Where do most of the microplastics in the snow come from?
A．From water. B．From air. C．From wind. D女朋友感冒．From food.
