大学英语四级-阅读1
(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、Reading Comprehension(总题数：0，分数：0.00)
二、 (总题数：5，分数：100.00)
Europe has experienced enormous upheavals (剧变) last century. Wars, revolutions, parations and elections have changed the political map of the continent 1 times. And with each charge, power has 2 , creating new winners and new lors.
But for one group—the gypsies (吉卜赛人)—change has always meant losing. With each upheaval, the gypsies have been left 3 off than they were before. Yet they have survived to become Europe"s largest 4 . Moreover, they have succeeded in 5 their culture and their way of life in the 6 of genocide (种族灭绝), political percution (迫害) and 7 .
In other cas were minorities have survived similar percutions—like Jews during World War Ⅱ, or Blacks in South Africa—their cau has received international support. By contra
st, the gypsies" success at prerving their culture is not regarded as an achievement at all. Instead, it"s viewed as 8 they are both unwilling and unable to change, and therefore irredeemable (不可救的). Indeed, in 1993, an European country president 9 attacked their way of life and said steps should be taken "to curtail (减少，剥夺)the extended reproduction of this socially unacceptable and mentally backward population".
竹有关的诗句If such a thing had been said about any other minority, the political outcry would have been enormous. But, becau the Slovak President was 10 to gypsies, there were few complaints except from a few small organizations who try to protect gypsies" rights.
A. openly I. poverty
B. countless J. performed
C. wonder K. face
D. shifted L. referring
E. substantially M. wor
F. proof N. rerving
G. minority O. prerving
H. better（分数：20.00）
解析：B [解析] 此处显然需要一个形容词放在times前，表示改变的次数，在所给的三个形容词中，countless最合适，所以选B。
善辩
解析：D [解析] 这里显然需要一个谓语动词，而且应该是以现在分词的形式出现，在符合此要求的两个词，即shifted及performed之间，显然shifted更符合语义和词汇搭配，所以选shifted。
解析：M [解析] 根据语法，这里需要形容词的比较级来承担主语的补语，wor和better符合此条件，但从句义上讲wor是正确的，所表达的意思是“每一次的巨变都使吉普赛人的恶劣生活比上一次更糟糕”。
解析：G [解析] 根据空格前的become和largest两个词，可知这里需要一个名词来做主语they(即前文中的gypsies)的补语；根据句义，在所给的选项中只有minority最合适，在此处表示“吉卜赛人已成为欧洲最大的少数民族”。
公出
解析：B[解析] 空格前的succeed一词，限定了此处应该选择一个以现在分词形式出现的动词：在符合此条件的三个选项—referring“谈及，提到”，rerving“储备，预留”及prervin
g“保护，保藏”中，只有prerving从句义上最符合。同时，也可依据下一自然段的第二句话确定选项B为正确答案。
解析：K [解析] 空格前the的和空格后的of决定了此处需要一个名词，并且此名词应该是短语in the ---|||________|||--- of的一部分，在所给的选项中只有face符合句义和语法的条件，表达了“吉普赛人在种族灭绝面前成功地保留了自己的文化和生活方式”的意思。
解析：I [解析] 根据语法，这里需要一个名词与句中的percution构成对等，表达并列关系。在剩下的三个选项poverty“贫穷”，proof“证据，试验”及wonder“惊奇，奇观”中，poverty最符合句义，所以选I。
解析：F [解析] 根据上下文，此处需要一个名词作句中it(所代替的是the gypsies" prerving their culture)的补足语，在剩下的两个名词选项proof“证据，试验”和wonder“惊奇，奇观”中，只有proof符合句义，意思是“吉普赛人成功地保留了自己的文化被看作是他们不愿意也不能够变通的证据，因而也被认为是无可救药的”。
解析：A [解析] 显然此处需要一个副词来修饰谓语动词attacked，在所给的两个选项中，依据语义openly“公开地”比substantially“非常地，大体上”更符合语义。
关房
解析：L [解析] 依据语法和句法信息，这里需要一个动词与空格前的was及空格后的介词to共同构成谓语成分，根据语义及搭配信息，只有referring最合适，因而选L。
Reading to onelf is a modem activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval worlds, while during the fifteenth century the term "reading" undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the nineteenth century did silent reading become 11 .
One should be wary (谨慎的), however, of 12 that silent reading came about simply becau reading aloud is a 13 to others. Examination of factors related to the historical development of silent reading 14 that it became the usual mode of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly becau the tasks themlves changed in character.
The last century saw a 15 increa in literacy, and thus in the number of readers. As readers incread, so the number of 16 listeners declined, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the flourishing of reading as a 17 activity in such public places as libraries, railway carriages and offices, where reading aloud would cau distraction to ot
her readers.
Towards the end of last century there was still considerable 18 over whether books should be ud for information or treated 19 . Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever its virtues, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was 20 by the printed mass media on one hand and by books and periodicals for a specialized readership on the other. 连绵的意思
A. distraction I. potential
B. reveals J. replaced
C. considerably K. private
D. commonplace L. respectfully
E. contributes M. argument
F. assuming N. respectively
G. statement O. steady
H. suppo（分数：20.00）
解析：D [解析] 空格前为系动词become，空格后为不定冠词a或an，因此空格处应当填入
一个形容词。根据上句及本句句意，“……在十五世纪，‘读’毫无疑问指的是大声朗读。直到十九世纪，默读才变的 ---|||________|||---”，备选词汇中，commonplace表示“常见的，司空见惯的”，放在句子中表示“默读开始变得常见”，符合句意，故选D。
解析：F [解析] 空格前为动词短语be wary of，空格后为that引导的从句，因此判断空格处应当填入一个可以引导宾语从句的动词-ing形式。备选词汇中，只有assuming符合，故选F。
解析：A [解析] 空格前为不定冠词a，空格后为to，可以判断空格处应当填入一个单数名词。结合本句句意，“但是，我们对于这样的假设——默读出现只是简单因为大声朗读对他人来说会——应当谨慎一些，”备选词汇中，distraction“分神，分心”符合意思，表示“大声朗读会使别人分神”，故选择A。
解析：B [解析] 经过分析，空格后为that引导的从句，空格前为动词过去分词修饰的名词短语examination of factors，因此可以判断空格处应当填入动词的单数形式。备选词汇中，reveals“暴露，揭露”和contributes“贡献，捐献”符合，结合句子意思，“对默读的历史发展相关因素进行审视， ---|||________|||---出默读之所以成为成年人阅读的常用方式，主要是
因为阅读任务的内容发生了变化”，显然reveals更符合句意，故选择B。
解析：O [解析] 空格前为不定冠词a，空格后为名词，因此可以判定此处应当填入形容词。备选词汇中，potential“潜在的，可能的”、replaced“被替换的”、private“私人的，私有的，私下的”、steady“稳定的，稳固的”，结合句意，“上世纪末人们的识字能力有了 ---|||________|||---提升，因此阅读的人群也相应增长”，steady最符合句意，故选O。
解析：I[解析] 空格前为of，空格后为名词，因此判断空格处应当填入一个形容词。本句意思为“因为阅读的人逐步增加， ---|||________|||---听众的数量开始下降”，备选词汇中，只剩potential、replaced和private，结合句意，potential表示“潜在的，可能的”，最符合句意，故选I。
解析：K [解析] 空格前为不定冠词a，后面为名词，可以判断此处应当填入一个形容词。备选词汇中只剩下replaced和private，结合句意，“随着为听众朗读的行为变得越来越少，阅读作为一种 ---|||________|||---行为在一些公共场所，如图书馆、列车车厢、办公室，越来越盛行……”，文中强调默读不打扰他人，是一种私人行为，所以选择K。
解析：M [解析] 空格前为形容词，空格后为over，根据语法知识可以判断此处应该填入一个名词。结合本句句意，“直到上世纪末，关于读书是应当获取信息还是应当被 ---|||________|||---看待仍然是个极大的 ---|||________|||---”，备选名词中只有argument未使用，填入空格符合句意，表示“争论”，所以选择M。
解析：L [解析] 空格前为动词，根据语法知识可以判断此处应当填入副词。备选词汇中，considerably“相当地，非常地”，respectfully“尊敬地”，respectively“分别地，各自地”，文中表示“读书应当被尊敬地看待”，即“读书应当被尊重”，故选择L。
解析：J[解析] 空格前为系动词was，空格后为by，据此判断空格处应当填入动词过去分词构成被动语态。备选词汇中，只有replaced符合，表示“被替换”，故选择J。
We"ve all read global-warming scare stores. Though some scientists insist there is cau for alarm, evidence 21 otherwi. Global warming may be coming, but if it does, it won"t necessarily be 22 And it might actually be a boon (恩惠) for the environment. 初三化学实验
When Senator Mitchell 23 his doomsday (世界末日) idea, crude computer climate models were predicting two or three times as much warming as they 24 do. Now rearchers say 古诗的特点
that the earth is likely to warm by about three degrees Fahrenheit (华氏) during the next century.
That may sound like a lot, but it isn"t. The world has experienced 25 that much warming fairly recently in history. And we loved it! Between A.D. 900 and 1300, the earth warmed by some three 26 , according to the Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine. Scholars refer to that period—one of the most 27 in human history—as the Medieval Climate Optimum (适宜的).
Food production surged (猛增), many scientists believe, becau winters were 28 and growing asons longer. Key agricultural 29 experienced fewer floods and droughts. Death rates 牙齿镶钻30 in many places, partly becau of the decrea in hunger.
A. currently I. prented
B. approximately J. indicates
C. inclined K. extreme
D. favorable L. suggest
E. declined M. numbers
F. degrees N. milder
G. regions O. constructive
H. frequently（分数：20.00）
