英语字母在什么时候要大写

更新时间:2023-05-28 11:06:14 阅读: 评论:0

● 许多人写英语文章时,对大写字母的使用 (capitalization) ,感到有点「迷惑」。虽然咱们在文法裡也学过英文大写字母的用法,但如能把重要的规则,复习一下,也许可加深记忆! 
(1) 每个句子的第一个字 (first word of a ntence) 以及写信的地址,信中的开头称呼和结尾,都要大写。例如:
How is everything with you today? (你今天一切都好吗?) 
小神农架25 Park Street, Silver Spring, Maryland. 
写信开头称呼:Dear Mr. Wang, Hello, Bob, Greetings, Mary, 
信中结尾:Sincerely yours, Yours truly, Best wishes, With love, Respectfully yours, 等等。 
 
(2) 表示特定的人、地或物的专有名词 (names of a specific person, place or thing) 或是属
於专有名词的一部分,都要大写。例如:
Mr. Wang Dachung was born in China. (王大中先生在中国出生。) 
Bob Smith sailed on the Queen Elizabeth for a trip to France. (Bob Smith 乘伊莉沙白邮轮到法国旅游。)  四级分数分配
其他如:
Yale School of Law (耶鲁法学院) 
Declaration of Independence (独立宣言) 
The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. (美国防止虐待动物协会) 等等。 
註:专有名词中的冠词、介词、连接词都不必大写,除非是名字的开头与结尾。 (如上句裡的 for, the, of, to) 但是指普通名词时,则不必大写。例如:
The two men sailed on a ship for a trip to some foreign countries. (两位男子乘船到外国旅行。) (即句中的 men,ship,countries 都是普通名词) 
 
(3) 一星期七天,十二个月份,以及假日 (ven days of the week, 12 months and holidays) 都要大写。例如:
The Chens came to e me on Father's Day. (父亲节陈家来看我。) 
He works on Saturdays and Sundays. (星期六和星期天他都要上班。) 
His store clod during January and February. (元月和2月,他的商店不开。) 
但是春夏秋冬四季,则不要大写:例如:
Mr. A will stay in Florida next winter. (下个冬天 A 先生将住在佛州。) 
The fall mester starts in September. (秋季班 9 月开始。) 
In Maryland July and August are summer months. (在马里兰州7月和8月是夏天。) 
註:地球 (earth) 、太阳 (sun) 、月亮 (moon) 也不要大写。
 
(4) 学校的特指课程名称以及各国的语文,都要大写。例如:
Her daughter will take Math Ⅱ and Algebra Ⅲ this mester. (她女儿本学期选修数学Ⅱ和代数Ⅲ。) 
对女朋友说的话All new students have to take History 101. (所有新生都要选修歷史 101。) 
Did you study English literature and American history? (你读过英国文学和美国歷史吗?) 
Many American students now take Chine in the big universities. (在大的大学裡,许多美国学生选修中文。) 
但是指一般性的课程或一般知识,则不必大写。例如:
Many Chine students are good at mathematics. (许多中国学生数学很棒。) 
High school students are encouraged to take music and history. (鼓励高中生选修音乐和歷史。)  拉德布鲁赫
 
(5) 地理上特有的名称 (geographical names) ,诸如国家、州、省、城市、山脉、湖、河流、公园等都要大写。例如:
Have your parents ever been to Africa? (你的父母去过非洲吗?) 
His dream trip would be a crui across the Atlantic Ocean. (他的理想旅游是坐邮轮横渡大西洋。) 
We have lived in Maryland for over 25 years. (我们住在马里兰州已超过25年。) 
The company is located in the middle of Fifth Avenue. (公司坐落於第五大道的中间。) 
其餘如:Asia, China, Lake Michigan (密西根湖) ,Black Sea (黑海) ,Rocky Mountains (洛磯山脉) ,Yellowstone National Park (黄石国家公园) 等等的特别名称,还有东、南、西、北地区和位置 (region and location) 也要大写。例如:
Living in the East I have never en high mountains. (我住在东部,没有见过高山。) 
The North of China is experiencing a rious drought. (中国北部旱灾严重。) 
但是 east, west, north, south 只指方向 (direction) 时,则不必大写。例如:
Drive south for one mile and you will e the building. (往南开一哩路,就可以看到楼房。) 
Plea turn north at the next corner. (请在下一角落,往北转。) 
 
(6) 社会上的职位或专业上的头衔 (social and professional titles) 包括学位和得奖名称 (award) ,都要大写。例如:
Professor Lee,Ph.D.,is from Taiwan. (李教授博士,来自台湾。) 
Dr. Anderson, M.D., is well-liked by his patients. (医学博士安德生医师,深受病患喜爱。) 
President Bush, MBA from Harvard, was a business man. (哈佛大学企管硕士的布希总统,过去是位商人。) 
His Reverend Smith and Father Jackson were both prent at the meeting. (Smith 牧师和 Jackson 神父都参加开会。) 
其他头衔如:Sir, Mister, Miss, Madame (夫人) ,Congressman (国会议员) ,Senator (参议员) ,Governor (州长) ,Mayor (市长) ,Secretory of State (国务卿) ,Attorney (律师) ,Judge (法官) ,Bishop (主教) ,Sister (修女) ,Sergeant (士官) ,Corporal (下士) ,Lieutenant (中尉) 等等。
干脚气
注意:如果不跟个人名字一同使用,或不是特指某人的头衔时,则不必大写。例如:
He is a professor at a university. (他是大学教授。) 
鼻炎怎么治能除根
The mayor of a large city has a tough job. (大城市的市长难為。) 
The presidents of many companies attended the conference. (许多公司的董事长都来参加会议。) 
记录本下载(上面的 professor, mayor, presidents,都是指一般性的。) 
 
(7)  书名、文章题目、报章杂誌中的主要字 (key words) ,都要大写。还有短篇故事 (short story) ,诗 (poem) ,戏剧 (play) ,电影 (movie) ,歌曲 (song) ,绘画 (painting) ,雕刻 (sculpture) 等名称,也要大写。例如:
Mr. Wang has authored a book entitled My Life in America. (王先生写了一本书叫:「我的美国生活」。) 
Did you read the latest issue of Time Magazine? (你看了最新一期的「时代杂誌」吗?) 
其他如:
The Sound of Music (歌名) ,Mona Lisa (蒙娜丽莎肖像画名) ,Bird in Space (雕刻名称) ,Popular Mechanics (杂誌名称) ,Death of a Salesman (戏剧名称) ,The Tale of Two Cities (双城记) ,The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (汤姆歷险记) 等等。 
註:文章题目裡的冠词、介词和连接词都不必大写。但不定词的 to,通常要大写。例如:Did you read Mr. Wang's article“Ways To Make Money”? (你读过王先生大作「赚钱之道」吗?) (「to make」是 infinitive) 

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