语言哲学（PhilosophyofLanguage）（精选多篇）
第一篇：语言哲学(Philosophy of Language)
語言哲學（Philosophy of Language）
Professor: Chienkuo Mi
Office Number: Room 103, Teacher’s Rearch Building II
Office Hours: 1: ~ 3:, Monday
高仿苹果Cour Number: BPH 33901
Classroom: B616
Class Schedule: 3: ~ 5: , Monday
Credit Hours: 2 hours for per mester, 2 mesters
E-mail:
Cour Outline:
溜溜棋牌牛牛二十世紀的哲學代表著一種「語言學的轉向」（the linguistic turn），相較於十七世紀時由笛卡兒所帶動的「知識論的轉向」（the epistemological turn），當時的知識論取代了中世紀以來形上學在哲學研究中的優勢地位，而成為所謂的第一哲學（亦即，哲學中的顯學），當時的哲學核心主題在於，「什麼是知識的基礎？」、「知識真理的確定性來源何在？」；當代哲學以「語言哲學」取代了知識論在近代哲學中的主導地位，而成為新的第一哲學，在整個哲學的研究方法上，語言內容與形式的邏輯分析是一個主要趨勢，這與當代符號邏輯（或數理邏輯）的發展有著密切的關聯，而當今哲學的核心主題在於，「什麼是構成語言的基礎？」、「語言內容的意義來源何在？」。
本學年的語言哲學這門課，主要就是針對以上的核心問題，透個二十世紀以來的整個哲學的發展，試圖尋求各種不同的可能答案，並在尋求問題答案的同時，掌握二十世紀哲學發展的主流脈動。把我們的問題加以簡單化，語言哲學的核心問題在於：「什麼是語言？」與「什麼是（語言的）意義？」，針對這兩個問題，我們將先提出一個口號，也就是：「語言是一個我們所知道與使用的符號系統（“Language is a system of symbols which we
know and u.”）」。由這個口號，我們可以整理出對於「什麼是語言？」這個問題的三個不同的觀點，它們分別是：
苹果怎么说
（1） 語言是一個符號系統。
（2） 語言是我們所知道的東西。
（3） 語言是我們所使用的東西。
相對於這三個觀點，我們也可以發展出用以回答「什麼是（語言的）意義？」這個問題的幾種不同的意義理論，它們分別是：
（1）「意義做為指涉」的意義理論（referential theory of meaning）。
（2）「意義做為觀念」的意義理論（idea theory of meaning）。
（3）「意義做為使用」的意義理論（u theory of meaning）。
（4）真值條件的意義理論（truth-condition theory of meaning）
鳗鲞
趣味盎然今年課程的設計，將同時兼顧一手的哲學經典著作與二手的哲學論述，在二手的哲學論述方面，我們將閱讀William G. Lycan的Philosophy of Language這本書，深入研讀他如何鋪陳上述幾種不同的語言觀與意義理論；此外我們也將從
A. P. Martinich編輯的The Philosophy of Language一書中，選讀歷來極力主張這些語言觀與意義理論的主要哲學家之經典著作，藉以更深入掌握這些主要哲學家在回答核心問題時的論証與見解，同時也才能真正掌握與熟悉二十世紀以來分析哲學的傳統之精神所在。
Required Textbooks:
1. William G. Lycan Philosophy of Language: A Contemporary Introduction,
结晶塔的帝王Routledge: London, 2000.
手机桌面图标不见了怎么恢复
2. Selected Papers from A. P. Martinich’s The Philosophy of Language.
蒸糕Cour Evaluation:
1. Discussions and participation, 20%
2. One in-class prentation, 30%
3. Term Paper (6-8 pages), 50%
第二篇：My philosophy of life 我的生活哲学
My philosophy of life Good afternoon, Ladies and Gentlemen, I feel very honorable to stand here to share today’s topic, my philosophy of life. When you get lost at the crossroads of life, what will become your compass and lead you to the place where you belong? When your heart gets deeply hurt, what’s the best medicine to cure your wounds? When you lo yourlf in the pursuit of fame and wealth, what will sound the alarm for you? The questions also like big question marks in my life. I am never a philosophy while I have some simple philosophies to guide my life. My philosophy is bad around the optimism. Well, every morning when you get up, you have a choice about how you want t approach life that day. How would you like to choo to be? For me, I said, “I choo to be cheerful.” Why did I say that? Becau every day is a new day! Yes, sometimes, something bad happens. But I can choo to be a victim or I can ch
oo to point out the positive side of life. Of cour, life doesn’t always give us the joy we want. We don’t always get our hopes and dreams, and we don’t always get our own way. But, just don’t give up hopes, don’t complain, becau you can make a difference one situation and one person at a time! You can choo to be optimistic or pessimistic. But the bottom line is, it’s your choice how you live life.
The other foundation of my life is “follow your heart”. Someone ever said, “Dream you want to dream; go where you want to go; be what you want to be, becau you have only one life and one chance to do all the things you want to do.” How many people just need to follow their dreams, care their dreams and hold on to their dreams, and then they will write on their own unique life. But how many people don’t understand, fate, actually, is under control of yourlf. Yes, life is only once, but it’s never too old to follow your heart. When I was young, I looked at how people saw me. Now that I’m older and wir, I look at how god es me. “Life is like a box of chocolates, you never know what you are going to get.” So, follow your heart, no matter what. Life is a large classroom where one can learn everything. I believe everyone has his simple philosophies just as I do. Simple philo
sophies, to some extent, are not simple at all. Though they are weightless, they are a kind of treasure one can always carry easily. Finally, I want to end with my blessing, May you have enough happiness to make you sweet, enough trials to make you strong, enough sorrow to keep you human, enough hope to make you happy. That’s all. Thank you for listening!
