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Seasick? Try Controlling Your Breathing
If you get asick easily, you may prepare for boat rides with pres sure-point bracelets, ginger, or a prescription skin patch, 1 The technique presumably works becau it helps control gravity nsors in the abdomen-a lesr-known input to our fine-tuned balance system.
2 The inner ears n motions of the head； the eyes e where the head is； and tiny nsory organs in muscles and tendons n where the rest of the body is. More recently, rearchers have realized that nsors in many other parts of the body also play a role: in the abdomen, the lower organs, and even blood vesls • 3 But if one or two don't match up, the brain gets
五年级上册第一单元习作confud and we become nauated.
Scientists knew the most sickening motions cloly match the rate of natural breathing； th
ey also knew that people naturally tend to breathe in time with a motion. 4
Rearchers from Imperial College London enlisted 26 volunteers to sit in a tilting, rocking flight simulator and coordinate their breathing in various ways with the motion. 5 The natural tendency was for volunteers to inhale on every backward tilt, in rhythm with the rocking• 6 They felt even better
if they breathed slightly faster or slower than the cyclic heaving of the chair； using that technique, the time until ont of naua was 50% longer than during normal breathing.
7 Abdominal nsors are known to nd motion signals to the brain more slowly than tho in the inner ear becau they1 re farther away from the brain and becau abdominal organs have more mass, which means they resist movement a tiny bit longer. 8成本管理的意义 But if the diaphragm oppos gravity-induced stomach motions with controlled breaths 古文字学家z法制教育讲座 there is less nsory conflict and less naua . 11 This technique is very good for mild everyday challenges, H says medical rearch scientist Michael Gresty, a member of the study team. 11茯苓作用 it1 s completely safe, and it1s not a drug•H
A. But if the subjects exhaled on every backward tilt, they didn11 get sick as quickly.
B. As long as all of the nsors nd matching signals to the brain, we feel oriented.
C. Now there 1 s one more remedy： timing your breathing to counteract the nauating motion.
D. So why do the tactics work?
E. The brain is traditionally thought to n body position in three ways.
F. The time lag between the two types of nsors creates a mismatch that builds up in the brain and makes us gradually sicker, the rearchers say.
G. The tests lasted up to 30 minutes, or until subjects felt moderately sick.
H. But no one had ever tested whether breathing out of time with a motion could prevent naua.
Five Painful Facts You Need to Know离任审计报告范文
0 . First of all, let1 s t the record straight： Pain is normal. About 75 million U.S. residents endure chronic or recurrent pain. So what is pain and why do so many suffer so long? Pain is felt when electrical signals are nt from nerve endings to your brain, which in turn can relea painkillers called endorphins and generate reactions that range from instant and physical to long-term and emotional. Beyond that, scientific understanding gets painfully fuzzy. Here 1s what1s known:
I. When you1 re in pain, you know it. But if scientists could fully grasp how pain works and why, they might be able to help you more• The American Academy of Pain Medicine defines pain as Han unpleasant nsation and emotional respon to that nsation. H Some pain is the result of an obvious injury. Other times, it is caud by damaged nerves that are not so easy to pinpoint. 11 Pain is complex and defies our ability to establish a clear definition, n says Kathryn Weiner, director of the American Academy of Pain Management.
nPain is far more than neural transmission and nsory transduction. Pain is a complex mixture of emotions, culture, experience, spirit and nsation. H
2 . If you have chronic pain, you know how demoralizing and debilitating it can be, physically and mentally. It can prevent you from doing things and make you irritable for reasons nobody el understands. But that1 s only half the story• People with chronic backaches have brains as much as 11 percent smaller than tho of non-sufferers, scientists reported in 2004. They don * t know why. "It is possible it1 s just the stress of having to live with the condition,H said study leader A. Vania Apkarian of Northwestern University. "The neurons become overactive or tired of the activity-n
3 . It may not eliminate the phra "Not tonight, honey . . . 11 but a 2006 study found that migraine sufferers had levels of xual desire 20 percent higher than tho suffering from tension headaches • The finding suggests xual desire and migraines might be influenced by the same brain chemical, and getting a b etter handle on the link could lead to bet ter treatments, at least for the pain portion of the equation.
