高级英语1第1单元练习答案
I. Text Comprehension
1. Decide which of the following best states the author's purpo.
A.To condemn with the author's own experience racial discrimination in American society as
late as the 1940s.
B.To describe the author's trip with her family to Washington D.
C. as a graduation prent.
C.To disclo the fact that the black people were still leading a poor life in the United States. Key: [ A ]
2. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or fal.
1.The author took her first trip to Washington D. C. at the beginning of the summer upon her
graduation from the eighth grade. [ T ]
2.The author's sister graduated at the same time from the same school. [ F ]
3.They went at night on a milk train to Washington D. C. becau it was cheaper. [ F ]
4.The dining car food in the 1940s always cost too much money and no one could tell who
hands had been playing all over that food, nor where tho same hands had been just before. [ F ]
5.Phyllis's high school nior class trip had been to Washington D. C. before, but she didn't
enjoy herlf at all. [ F ]
6.The author's father, moved by the historical surroundings and the heat of early evening,
decided to entertain the family again. [ T ]
7.Insulted by the waitress's words, the author and her family turned around and marched out
of the store, quiet but outraged. [ T ]
8.The author wrote and typed her angry letter and managed to mail it to the president of the
United States. [ F ]
II. Writing Strategies
1. Flashback:
A flashback (闪回) is a technique ud by writers. It is often ud in movies, television and literature. It involves a character remembering something that happened to him in the past.
Activity: Besides P aragraph 2, you’re expected to find out some other paragraphs that contain this technique.
Tips: Besides Paragraph 2, Paragraphs 6, 8 and 9 contain or involve flashbacks.
Here is a movie clip from The Bourne Ultimatum, in which the technique of flashback is ud.
2. Symbolism
Symbolism in art tries to show not what is real but what could stand instead of what exists. It deals with ideas that aren't physical, mostly.
< Moby-Dick: reprentation of an unknowable God;
令人吃惊的英文
Scarlet Letter: The scarlet letter “A” is meant to be a symbol of shame, but instead it
becomes a powerful symbol of identity to Hester.
Activity: Find some examples of symbolism in the text.
Tips: “summer brightness” (Paragraph 8)
“corolla of dazzling whiteness” (Paragraph 9)
“white mottled marble” (Paragraph 15)
The repeated “white” in the last paragraph, and it reveals t he phony democracy of the
United States and the fal freedom of colored people, which drove our writer mad and
indignant.
III. Language Work
1. Explain the underlined part in each ntence in your own words.
感恩太极1)The first time I went to Washington D.C. was on the edge of the
→ at the beginning of
2)Preparations were in the air around our hou before school was even over.
→the whole family were already either actually busy making preparations or enjoying the ambience
3)In fact, my first trip to Washington was a mobile feast.
→ a large enjoyable meal on the train
4)…as if we had never been Black before.
→ as if we had never been mistreated for being black.
5)My parents wouldn't speak of this injustice, not becau they had contributed to it.
→had partially caud
6)My fury was not going to be acknowledged by a like fury.
→ was not going to be openly sympathized with by people displaying a similar anger
2. Fill in each blank with one of the two words from each pair in their appropriate forms and note the difference of meaning between them.
brui scar
Explanation: brui indicates an injury of the surface flesh, caud by a blow that does not necessarily break the skin and that results in a marked skin; the word can also suggest the tendency to turn black-and-blue from small impacts. Scar refers to the forming of a mark over a healed wound or suggests the doing of damage that will leave a lasting mark.
1)Be sure to store the tropical fruits carefully as they brui easily.
2)She continued massaging her right foot, which was bruid and aching.
3)He was scarred for life during a pub fight.
4)This is something that's going to scar him forever.
dampen soak
Explanation:Dampen is to make or become somewhat wet, emphasizing the moist condition that results. In a figurative n, the word means to depress. Soak means to wet thoroughly, implying immersion. To soak something is to place it in liquid and leave it long enough for the liquid to act upon it.
1)Nothing quite beats the luxury of soaking in a long and hot bath at the end of a tiring day.
2)Dampen the stamp at the back and stick it on the envelope; there you are.
3)I've gotten my feet thoroughly soaked in the cold, feeling frozen through and through.
4)I hate to dampen your spirits, but aren't you overlooking a few minor points?
acknowledge admit
Explanation:Acknowledge is to accept responsibility for something one makes known, and we acknowledge something embarrassing or awkward, and usually not voluntarily; more often, the acknowledgment is extracted from one more or less unwillingly. Admit is a bold acknowledgment of implication in something one has formerly tended to deny or to equivocate about.
1)"There are some faults which men readily admit but others not so readily” (Epictetus).
2)The general finally acknowledged that the war had not been going as well as expected, but
he affirmed that a shift in strategy would enhance the prospects of victory.
3)His cooking reflects a determination to acknowledge his northern roots.
4)He admitted under questioning that he was in the rvice of a foreign power, but denied
that he was guilty of espionage.
agony anguish
Explanation Agony reprents suffering, the endurance of which calls forth every human resource. Its verity is of such extent that the word is often ud to denote the struggle and pain that may precede death. Anguish points to the extremity of grief which so terrifies the spirit as to be insupportable.
1)In a Guatemalan prison, the man lingered in agony for 18 minutes when the lethal injection
finally took effect.
2)So you will be saving the villagers a lot of trouble and anguish if you tell us now where
they are.
3)No child derves to live in the shadow of fear, anguish and pain.
4)The driver screamed in agony and dropped the automatic as he was crushed between the
door and the chassis.
3. Fill in the blank in each ntence with a word or phra taken from the box, using its appropriate form.
ensconce agony vulnerable in private dazzle avow
travesty dainty approve relieve decree flair
1)The local council has decreed that the hospitals that are not able to reach the rvice
standards should clo.
什么是节气
2)When Hamlet murmured "To be, or not to be," he was faced with a(n) agonizing dilemma.
方貌3)The young mother smiled approvingly at her son, who asked to play outdoors.
4)The Prime Minister is now firmly ensconced in Downing Street with a large majority.
5)We need a manager with plenty of flair to run the business in China.
6)It is noticed that quick-minded people suffer no vulnerability to criticism.
7)It was a relief to be outside in the fresh air again after staying weeks-long underground.
8)The government's avowed commitment to reduce tax has been largely appreciated.
4. Make a ntence of your own for each of the given words with meanings other than tho ud in the text. You may change the part of speech of the words.
1)prent
→John prented me with the challenge, and I took it up.
2)capital
→To open a supermarket demands a large amount of capital.
3)pack
→Well, it’s your turn to shuffle the pack and deal the cards.
4)move
→It would be a wi move to check the market first.
5)counter微商
→The results of the test ran counter to expectations.
6)drop
生意经验
→Is there a drop of tea left in the pot?
5. Fill in each blank with a definite, indefinite, or zero article.
(1) The concept of (2) / sleep rearch is (3) a fairly new development. (4) A lot of experimental
work is done to increa our knowledge about (5) / insomnia and other sleep-related problems in order to help (6) / people who are deprived of (7) / sleep. Some of the studies have shown that, although some people have (8) / trouble falling asleep, (9) / others have (10) an equally difficult time waking up. It is believed that there is (11) a natural cycle which regulates (12) / man's body temperature.
During (13) the night (14) a person's temperature may drop one or two degrees, and it can be difficult to arou him in (15) the morning if his body hasn't become hot enough yet. In addition, (16) a person awakened during (17) a period of (18) / heavy sleep is irritable and cannot think clearly. Finally, some people don't want to get up simply becau they don't like (19) the activity that awaits them.
Tips: An online brief introduction ()
How to U Articles (a/an/the)
The can be ud with non-count nouns, or the article can be omitted entirely.
A/an can be ud only with count nouns. Some common types of nouns that don't take an article are:
Names of languages and nationalities;
Names of sports;
Names of academic subjects.
6. Put a word in each blank that is appropriate for the context.
I remember the very day that I became colored. Up (1) to my thirteenth year I lived in the little Negro town of Eatonville, Florida. The only (2) white people I knew pasd through the town going to or coming (3) from Orlando. The native whites rode dusty hors, and the Northern tourists chugged down the sandy village road in automobiles. The Northerners were peered at cautiously from behind curtains by the (4) timid. The more venturesome would come out on the porch to watch them go past and got just as (5) much pleasure out of the tourists as the tourists got out of the village.
During this period, white people (6) differed from the colored to me only in that they rode through town and never (7) lived there. They liked to hear me “speak pieces”and sing and wanted to e me dance, and (8) gave me generously of their small silver for doing the things, which emed (9) strange to me for I wanted to do them so much that I needed bribing to (10) stop . Only they didn’t know it. The colored people gave no dimes.
IV. Translation
1. Translating Sentences
1)我自己还没有看过，不过大家都认为是一部好片子。(suppo)
→I haven’t en it mylf, but it is suppos ed to be a really good movie.
suppo vt. assume, believe, accept as true; pretend that sth. is true; take sth. as a fact
be suppod to do sth: be expected or required to do sth.
< Am I suppod to be at the meeting on Tuesday?
Latin America is suppod to be a pretty inexpensive place to travel in.
猫大便带血This restaurant is suppod to make excellent salads.
< Scientists can only suppo that the illness is caud by a virus.
2)女主人把奶酪切成一口一块的大小，客人们吃起来就方便了。(bite-size)
→ The hostess cut the chee into bite-size pieces; therefore, it would be more convenient for the guests to eat it.
bite-size adj.(usa. before noun)
a)small enough to be put whole into your mouth
< Cut the chicken into bite-sized pieces.
b)small enough to be read or dealt with easily
< The guides are produced in bite-sized ctions.
3)睡眠不足的话，很少有人能够正常生活。(deprive)
→ No one can function properly if they are deprived of adequate sleep.
deprive vt. if you deprive someone of something, you take it away from them or prevent them from having it
deprive someone of something
< As a child he had been deprived of love and attention.狼组词
The courts cannot deprive me of the right to e my child.
4)他细心地学我的样子，装作什么怪事都没有发生。(copy)
→ He carefully copied my preten that nothing unusual had occurred.
copy vt.
a)to make a copy that is the same as the original thing
< They were charged with illegally copying videotapes.
b)to do something in the same way as someone el
< Children learn by copying their parents.
5)他上台后发布的第一项法令就是禁止私人拥有枪支。(decree)
