Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity
Adopted by the General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization at its thirty-first ssion on 2 November 2001
The General Conference ,
Committed to the full implementation of the human rights and fundamental freedoms proclaimed in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other universally recognized legal instruments, such as the two International Covenants of 1966 relating respectively to civil and political rights and to economic, social and cultural rights,红油汁>宝石蓝色
Recalling that the Preamble to the Constitution of UNESCO affirms "that the wide diffusion of culture, and the education of humanity for justice and liberty and peace are indispensable to the dignity of man and constitute a sacred duty which all the nations must fulfil in a spirit of mutual assistance and concern",
Further recalling Article 1 of the Constitution, which assigns to UNESCO among other pur
pos that of recommending "such international agreements as may be necessary to promote the free flow of ideas by word and image",
Referring to the provisions relating to cultural diversity and the exerci of cultural rights in the international instruments enacted by UNESCO, 1
Reaffirming that culture should be regarded as the t of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual and emotional features of society or a social group, and that it encompass, in addition to art and literature, lifestyles, ways of living together, value systems, traditions and beliefs, 2
Noting that culture is at the heart of contemporary debates about identity, social cohesion, and the development of a knowledge-bad economy,
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Affirming that respect for the diversity of cultures, tolerance, dialogue and cooperation, in a climate of mutual trust and understanding are among the best guarantees of international peace and curity,
Aspiring to greater solidarity on the basis of recognition of cultural diversity, of awareness of the unity of humankind, and of the development of intercultural exchanges,
光催化技术Considering that the process of globalization, facilitated by the rapid development of new information and communication technologies, though reprenting a challenge for cultural diversity, creates the conditions for renewed dialogue among cultures and civilizations,
明惠帝Aware of the specific mandate which has been entrusted to UNESCO, within the United Nations system, to ensure the prervation and promotion of the fruitful diversity of cultures,棒球手套
Proclaims the following principles and adopts the prent Declaration:
Identity, diversity and pluralism
Article 1 - Cultural diversity: the common heritage of humanity
Culture takes diver forms across time and space. This diversity is embodied in the uniq
ueness and plurality of the identities of the groups and societies making up humankind. As a source of exchange, innovation and creativity, cultural diversity is as necessary for humankind as biodiversity is for nature. In this n, it is the common heritage of humanity and should be recognized and affirmed for the benefit of prent and future generations.
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Article 2 - From cultural diversity to cultural pluralism
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In our increasingly diver societies, it is esntial to ensure harmonious interaction among people and groups with plural, varied and dynamic cultural identities as well as their willingness to live together. Policies for the inclusion and participation of all citizens are guarantees of social cohesion, the vitality of civil society and peace. Thus defined, cultural pluralism gives policy expression to the reality of cultural diversity. Indissociable from a democratic framework, cultural pluralism is conducive to cultural exchange and to the flourishing of creative capacities that sustain public life.
Article 3 - Cultural diversity as a factor in development
Cultural diversity widens the range of options open to everyone; it is one of the roots of development, understood not simply in terms of economic growth, but also as a means to achieve a more satisfactory intellectual, emotional, moral and spiritual existence.
Cultural diversity and human rights
Article 4 - Human rights as guarantees of cultural diversity
The defence of cultural diversity is an ethical imperative, inparable from respect for human dignity. It implies a commitment to human rights and fundamental freedoms, in particular the rights of persons belonging to minorities and tho of indigenous peoples. No one may invoke cultural diversity to infringe upon human rights guaranteed by international law, nor to limit their scope.
