美国文学1（5篇模版）
第一篇：美国文学1
Puritanism: The puritans established their own religious and moral principles known as American puritanism which became one of the enduring influence in American thought and American literature.American puritanism stresd predestination, original sin, total depravity, limited atonement(or the salvation of a lected few)from God's grace.They built a way of life that stresd hard word, thrift and sobriety.Calvinism:It is a system of Christian theology advanced by John Calvin, a Protestant reformer in the 16th century, and further developed by his followers.The term also refers to the doctrines and practices of the reformed churches, of which Calvin was an early leader.Calvinism is perhaps best known for its doctrine of predestination, and its history is associated with some notable experiments in Christian theocracy.Great Awakening:It is a ries of religious revivals that swept over the American colonies about the middle of the 18th century.It resulted in doctrinal changes and influenced social and political thought.In New England it was started(
1734)by the rousing preaching of Jonathan Edwards.Deism：Appeared on the 18th century, the belief bad solely on reason, in a God who created the univer and then abandoned it, assuming no control over life, exerting no influence on natural phenomena, and giving no supernatural revelation.Romanticism:was a rebellion against the objectivity of rationalism.For romantics, the feelings, intuitions and emotions were more important than reason and common n.The stresd the clo relationship between man and nature, emphasized, individualism and affirmed the inner life of the lf.Transcendentalism：In the 1830s and 1840s, some new Englanders, not quite happy about the materialistic-oriented life of their times, formed themlves into an informal club, the Transcendentalist Club, and met to discuss matters of interest to the life of the nation as a whole.They expresd their views, published their journal, the Dial, and made their voice heard.The reprentatives are Emerson and Thoreau.Free ver: also known as “open form”ver,is the ver without regular meter,line length, rhyme(scheme), or stanza , depending on natural speech rhythms related to the actual cadence of the poet expressing himlf, it is different from the conventional schemed ver.Gothic elements:S
upernatural horrors and an atmosphere of unknown terror pervades the action High emotion, ntimentalism, but also pronounced anger, surpri and especially terror.U of words indicating fear, mystery, etc.: apparition, devil, ghost, haunted, terror, fright, fainting.Realism:American Realism came in the latter half of the nineteenth century as a reaction against Romanticism.It stress truthful treatment of material.It focus on commonness of the lives of the common people, and emphasizes objectivity and offers an objective rather than an idealistic view of human nature and human experience.The three dominant figures of the period are William Howells, Mark Twain, and Henry James.
第二篇：美国文学名词解释
1.AmericanTranscendentalism:①transcendentalism has been defined philosophically as “ the recognition in man of the capability of knowing truth intuitively, or of attaining knowledge transcending the reach of the ns.②transcendentalists stress the importance of the Over-soul, the Individual and Nature.Other concepts that accompanied transcendentalism include the idea that nature is enabling and the idea that the individual
is divine and, therefore, lf-reliant.New England transcendentalism is the product of a combination of Native American Puritanism and European romanticism.③some prominent reprentatives include Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau.2.Free ver
free ver means the rhymed or unrhymed poetry compod without paying attention to conversational rules of meter.Free ver was originated by a group of French poets of the late 19th century.Their purpo was to free themlves from the restrictions of formal metrical patterns and to recreate instead the free rhymes of nature period.Walt Whitman„s leaves of grass is perhaps the most notable example.3.American Puritanism: Puritanism is the practices and beliefs of the puritans.The Puritans were originally members of a division of the protestant church who wanted to purify their religious beliefs and practices.They accepted the doctrines of predestination, original sin and total depravity, and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace from God.American literature in the 17th century mostly consisted of Puritan literature.Puritanism had an enduring influence on American literature.It had become, to some extent, so much a state 汽车摇号查询
of mind, so much a part of national cultural atmosphere, rather than a t of tenets.it comes from the American puritans, who were the first immigrants moved to American continent in the 17th century.Original sin, predestination（预言）and salvation（拯救）were the basic ideas of American Puritanism.And, hard-working, piousness（虔诚,尽职），thrift and sobriety（清醒）were praid.4.American Dream: American dream means the belief that everyone can succeed as long as he/she works hard enough.It usually implies a successful and satisfying life.It usually framed in terms of American capitalism（资本主义）, its associated purported meritocracy,（知识界精华）and the freedoms guaranteed by the U.S.Bill of Rights.5.Imagism: the 1920s saw a vigorous literary activity in America.In poetry there appeared a strong reaction against Victorian poetry.Imagists placed primary reliance on the u of preci, sharp images as a means of poetic expression and stresd precision in the choice of words, freedom in the choice of subject matter and form, and
the u of colloquial language.Most of the imagist poets wrote in free ver, using such devices as assonance and alliteration rather than formal metrical schemes to give structu
re to their poetry..The movement which had the as its aims is known in literary history as Imagism.Its prime mover was Ezra Pound.6.American romanticism
①it is one of the most important periods in the history of American literature that stretches from the 18th century to the outbreak of the civil war.It started with the publication of Washington Irving‟s The Sketch Book and ended with Walt Whitman地动仪是谁发明的‟s Leaves of Grass.②being a period of the great flowering of American literature, it is also called 幸福无处不在“the American Renaissance ”.③American romantic works emphasize the imaginative and emotional qualities of nature literature.The strong tendency to eulogize the individual and common man was typical of this period.Most importantly, the writings of American Romanticism are typically American.Works concentrate on unique
characteristics of the American land.④New England Transcendentalism is the summit of American Romanticism.⑤Romanticists include such literary figures as Washington Irving, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, William Cullen Bryant, Henry Wordsworth Longfellow, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Edgar Allan Poe, Herman Melville, Walt Whitman and some others.
三月三的习俗
第三篇：美国文学简笔画昆虫
Jazz Age
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It was a movement that took place during the 1920s or the Roaring Twenties from which jazz music and dance emerged.The movement came about with the introduction of mainstream radio and the end of the war.This era ended in the 1930s with the beginning of The Great Depression but has lived on in American pop culture for decades.American dream
· For many immigrants, the Statue of Liberty was their first view of the United
States, signifying new opportunities in life.The statue is an iconic symbol of the American Dream
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• It is a national ethos(社会的精神特质)of the United States in which
freedom includes a promi of the possibility of prosperity and success.• A belief that if people work hard, they can ri to a higher social class and they伊川民声网
can have anything if they are willing to get it.• All men are created equal, regardless of social class or circumstances of birth.• Working hard is the most important element for getting ahead.Transcendentalism
·Transcendentalism was a literary movement that flourished during the middle 19th Century(1836 – 1860).·It began as a rebellion against traditionally held beliefs by the English Church that God superded the individual.--Knowledge can be obtained through mental process apart from experiences--denoting “whatever belongs to the class of intuitive thought”
--Emerson said, Transcendentalism means idealism.Benjamin Franklin
