菏泽美食操作混合型铁⽔车运输铁⽔和设备进⾏的⽅法外⽂⽂献翻译、中英⽂翻译、外⽂翻译
警句格言Method of operating a mixer type hot metal car for the transport of molten iron and a device for carrying out the method Abstract
A hot metal car is ud for the transport of molten pig iron from a blast furnace to a steel making plant, the car having an opening through which it is filled and emptied. To restrict heat loss from the car, the opening is clod during at least one of (a) the journey from the blast furnace station to the steel making plant and (b) the journey from the steel making plant back to the blast furnace by a disposable cover which is at least partly lost into the molten iron during the cour of the emptying or filling of the car at the end of the journey concerned. Inventors:
猫作文600字Baas, Willem (Heemskerk, NL)
Hof, Tette (Heemskerk, NL)
Comes, Heinrich (Borken, DE)
Jaunich, Helmut (Raesfeld, DE)
Krampe, Hubert (Reken, DE)
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a method of operating a mixer type hot metal car for the transport of molten iron, particularly in conveying pig iron from a blast furnace to a steel making plant, and to a device for carrying out this method.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In the steel industry, pig iron manufactured in a blast furnace is usually conveyed in the liquid state to a steel making plant by means of transport vesl known as a mixer type hot metal car. Another name ud for this vehicle is a torpedo car. This hot metal car is a rail vehicle having a torpedo-shaped transfer vesl which is lined on its inside with refractory
bricks and is supported on a bogie at each end. The transfer vesl is provided with an opening, known as the pouring mouth, which during filling with pig iron and while the transfer vesl is being conveyed is located at the top of the transfer vesl. The transfer vesl is rotated about its longitudinal axis to empty the vesl, so that the pig iron is discharged through the opening into a rec
eiver. An example of such a car is given in Netherlands patent application No. 68.14343 (U.S. Pat. No. 3,661,374).
In practice, the transfer vesl is filled at a blast furnace with molten pig iron at about 1500° C., and is then conveyed to a steel making plant. The pig iron is transferred from the vesl into a receiver in the steel making plant and the empty vesl is returned to a blast furnace to be refilled with pig iron.写给上帝的信
Sometimes an intermediate stop is made on the outward journey with the full vesl, during which the pig iron in the vesl subjected to treatment, typically being desulphurid. For this purpo a lance is inrted into the vesl through the opening.
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In a steel works a number of such cars are simultaneously in operation. The cycle time of a car is an average of 15 hours, comprising 3 hours for filling, 6 hours for the outward journey and 6 hours for return of the empty vesl. In practice the average times regularly show considerable variations becau stops are made for various reasons during the outward and return journey. An example of a stop made on the return journey is when a car is temporarily put out of operation.
吉他标准音调弦One problem with the known method is that heat loss occurs whilst the car is in operation. Some of this heat loss is the result of radiation and convection from the outside surface of the vesl; more h
eat loss is due mainly to heat radiation through the opening from the inside of the vesl to the atmosphere. Heat loss during the outward journey means that the pig iron is supplied to the steel making plant at a lower temperature than that at which it is filled into the vesl. If there is and extremely long stop, this may mean that the pig iron can no longer be procesd in the steel making plant. Becau of heat loss during the return journey, the refractory brick in the empty vesl cools down. This also leads to a lower temperature of the pig iron when supplied to the steel making plant, since the pig iron, when charged into the vesl at the blast furnace, los heat to the brick. Also, if the brick cools down considerably
as a result of a long return journey, cracks may then occur in the brick thereby reducing the life of the brick.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the invention is to provide a method of operating a mixer type hot metal car for molten iron in which the heat loss through the opening of the transfer vesl is reduced.
A further object of the invention is to provide low cost, simple and safe device for reducing the heat loss through the opening of the transfer vesl for molten iron.
According to the invention, a disposable cover is fitted to al the opening of the vesl, after it is filled and/or after discharge of the iron from the vesl in order to reduce the heat loss from the vesl through the opening, and the cover is allowed to be carried away with the iron at the end of the subquent journey when the pig iron is discharged from the vesl or the vesl is filled with a further charge respectively, so that the cover is at least partly lost into the iron.
Preferably a disposable cover is employed in this manner in each of the journey from the filling location to the discharge station and the journey from the discharge station to the next filling station.
One advantage of the method according to the invention is that greater u of scrap is possible in the steel making plant as a result of the higher temperature at which the pig iron is supplied to the plant, thereby providing a crude steel cost price advantage.
Another advantage aris when the method is employed during the return of an empty transfer vesl. Due to the improved heat retention of the refractory brick in the transfer vesl savings can be achieved in the costs of additional heating of the brick becau the number of occasions when the brick temperature is too low is reduced. Moreover, a longer brick life is achieved by greater heat retention becau no cracks are formed. Moreover, cheaper types of refractory material may be ud for the brickwork in the vesl.
Becau a disposable cover is ud in the method according to the invention, the above advantages may be obtained with only one extra operating step, namely fitting a cover at the beginning of the outward and/or return journey. The method according to the invention is also safe becau the cover need not be removed at the end of the journey.
映射的概念
If the pig iron is desulphurid in the transfer vesl, the lance ud for this should preferably be inrted into the vesl through a hole in the cover in the region of the opening in the vesl. This hole is preferably made in the cover by perforating the cover by means of the lance when introducing it into the vesl. Preferably also, before such a treatment of the pig iron, at least one further hole is made in the cover in the region of the opening in the vesl to allow the gas formed during the treatment to escape. A further advantage of the method, during desulphurisation, is that the mixer can be filled to a greater degree than if no cover is ud. Without the u of a cover, the degree of filling is limited becau of the danger of splashing during desulphurisation. Becau of the higher permitted degree of filling the transfer vesl costs per tonne of pig iron can be reduced.
When a cover is ud on the empty transfer vesl according to the invention, the hole in the cover for subquently filling the transfer vesl with pig iron is preferably made by pouring the pig iron onto the cover when starting to fill the vesl.
A device for carrying out the method of the invention compris a disposable cover for closing the opening of the vesl and means for retaining the cover on the vesl. The retaining means should be effective to hold the cover in place under all anticipated conditions, such as wind strength.
The cover should meet requirements for resistance to the radiation from the inside of the transfer vesl and for the desired insulation value.
The retaining means are all the more esntial if the cover is light becau of its disposable character. In one preferred embodiment the retaining means consist of part of the cover which extends into the opening, at least over a certain distance, and is located clo to the edge of the opening. The part projecting into the opening should preferably be a wall structure which is clod circumferentially. In order to protect the refractory lining at the opening during filling of the vesl, at least temporarily. The part extending into the opening has preferably a tapered outer surface, so that when placed on the vesl the cover tends to wedge in the opening and this tapering part is preferably resiliently deformable so that it is adapted to the shape of the opening when fitted. ve-mentioned circumferentially clod wall structure.
For desulphurisation purpos the cover is preferably provided with at least one prefabricated weak
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point in the region of the opening, which can be mechanically by pushing with a pointed body.
In an embodiment wich is preferred under certain conditions, the cover has a collar extending outside the area of the opening. This collar at least partially protects the refractory lining on the outside of the opening when the transfer vesl is being filled with pig iron.
In lection of the material of the disposable cover, consideration must be given to the desideratum that the cover should not give ri to any undesirable additives in the pig iron and/or slag when it is lost into the vesl on filling or into the receiver on discharge.
In one preferred embodiment of the cover, in which a hole can be made for filling the vesl with pig iron, the cover, at least locally in the area of the vesl opening, is made so that it collaps (los structural integrity) under the influence of liquid pig iron, forming a hole. To this end, the cover preferably has a cup-shaped part or depression extending into the opening, the bottom of which collaps into the hole formed when the liquid pig iron is poured into the depression. The hole is formed by the impul of the pig iron jet, which falls into the vesl during tapping of a blast furnace via a pig iron runner, and/or by the influence of the high temperature of the pig iron on the material fr
om which the cover is made. The cover is preferably shaped so that vertical side wall of the cup consists of at least part of the height of the abo
A preferred cover is manufactured at least partly from a material comprising at least 50% refractory filler material, 5-40% refractory fibrous material and 2-10% binding agent.
It is worth mentioning that a mat of refractory fibres and binder has been propod for u in contact with the surface of a molten metal bath to reduce heat loss, U.S. Pat. No. 3,876,420, but there has apparently been no suggestion of the u of a disposable cover for the filling opening of a transport vesl.
A hot metal car should be located carefully under the end of a pig iron runner before the vesl is filled with pig iron. In the ca of a mixer without a cover, this positioning is usually achieved by u of the opening which is visible in sharp contrast due to the high temperature of the inside of the transfer vesl. If a cover is ud, this method of positioning cannot be ud; therefore the cover should preferably, have on the side facing away from the inside of the vesl, a contrasting mark which provides an unambiguous indication of the position and extent of the opening in the vesl when the cover is fitted to clo this opening.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
