高中英语新课标必修四知识点
IV---1 Women of achievements
一、知识点
1. … a girl from the countryside who dresd as a man and went to fight for the French. ……一个来自农村的女孩，她装扮成男人去为法兰西而战。
dress as 穿……的服装，使穿得像
Mom insists that we dress up as monsters. 妈妈坚持要我们打扮成怪物。
We must fight for our rights, comrades!们, 我们必须为自己的权利而斗争!
2. She helped drive the English out of France. She was caught and put to death by the English.她帮助把英国人驱逐出法国。她被捕并被英国人处死。
drove the attackers away; drove out any thought of failure. 赶走袭击者；打消失败的念头
He drove the children to school. 他开车送孩子去上学
Indecision drives me crazy.
犹豫要把我逼疯了
In the cas, the person is put to death.
在这些案件中，罪犯被剥夺生存权利。
The prisoner was put to death at dawn. 那囚犯在黎明时被处决.
3. the Nobel Peace Prize 诺贝尔和平奖
4. …one of the top leaders in modern Chine history 中国现代史上杰出的领导人之一。
the top historian in her department. 她部门中最杰出的历史学家
5. She concerned herlf with welfare projects 她关心福利事业
He concerned herlf with public work 他关心公众事务
We're rather concerned about father's health. 我们相当担心父亲的健康。
This concerns the healthy growth of the children deeply.这事对孩子们的健康成长关系极大。
6. a specialist in women’s illness 妇科疾病的专家
7. She devoted all her life to medical work for Chine women and children.她毕生贡献于中国妇女儿童的医疗工作。
He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind. 他为全人类的利益献出了自己的一生。
He devoted a great sum of money to books. 他们花了一大笔钱买书。
After he has retired, he will devote himlf to gardening. 退休后,他将要致力于园艺。
8. Her work encouraged many other women to become doctors. 她的工作鼓励了很多其他的妇女成为女医生。
encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人(做某事)
encourage a man to work better鼓励一个人更好地工作
be encouraged by受...鼓励[鼓舞]
9. Her rearch showed the connections between chimps and human beings. 她的工作说明了人类和黑猩猩的关系。
have connection with “与……有关系”，
His illness must have had some connection with his diet.他的病想必与他的饮食有关。
in connection with “与……有关；关于”，
The teachers often deal with problems in connection with education.老师经常处理和教育有关的问题。
Do you believe that there's a connection between smoking and heart dia? 你相信吸烟与心脏病有关系吗?
We have connections with various international corporations in Europe. 我们同欧洲的多家跨国公司有业务往来。
10. She also worked hard to make as many countries as possible agree not to u them.她也努力工作使尽可能多的国家同意不使用它们。
I don't like milk, but she made me drink it. 我不喜欢牛奶,可是她强迫我喝。
Can you say the names of film stars as many as possible? 你能尽可能多说出一些影星的名字吗？
We hope they agree to do something. 我们希望他们同意做些事情。
We may agree to something that we do not actually agree with. 我们可能同意实际上我们不赞成的事。
We may agree to something that we do not actually agree with. 我们可能同意实际上我们不赞成的事。
She agreed to my idea. 她同意我的想法。
I quite agree with what you say. 你所说的我很赞成。
We agree on this count. 在这一点上,我们的意见一致。
11. Why do you think Jane Goodall went to Africa to study chimps rather than to university?你认为古德珍为什么不去上大学而去研究黑猩猩？
He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。
The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。
We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall. 我们是在教室里开会，不是在大厅里。
Do you think it is importantt to study chimps in the wild rather than in a zoo? 你认为在野外研究黑猩猩而不是在动物园重要么？
We should help him rather than he should help us. 是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。
I decided to write rather than telephone. 我决定写信而不打电话。
He ran rather than walked. 他是跑来的，而不是走来的。
12. Following Jane’s way of studying chimps, our groups are all going to visit them in the forest.我们一行人准备按照简研究黑猩猩的方法去森林拜访他们。
现在分词作状语，表示伴随。I offered them something to eat, thinking they might be hungry. 我给了他们一些吃的东西，心想他们可能饿了。
Some like the older ways of doing things. 有些女性喜欢处理事务的老办法。
Can you suggest a good way for us to ask people for advice? 您能不能给我们建议一个好办法,让我们征求大家的建议?
13. … understand how much they behave like humans. …了解黑猩猩的行为和人们是多么地相似。
The boy behaved very well last night. 孩子昨天晚上表现挺好。
Plea behave yourlf. 请礼貌点儿。
14. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.我们当天的首要任务是观察黑猩猩一家是如何醒来的。
动名词做主语。
生命的感动15. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the nig
ht before. 这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开时黑猩猩一家睡觉的大树旁。
I meant to give you this book today, but I forgot. 我本来打算今天给你这本书的，可是我忘了。
Environment means much to a child.
环境对儿童有着重大意义。
What do you mean by saying that? 你那样说是什么意思?
16. in the shade of the trees 在树荫下
17. move off 离开
18. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. 在大部分时间里，黑猩猩或互相喂食，或彼此擦身，这在他们家族里是表达爱的一种方式。
19. However the evening makes it all worthwhile.但是到傍晚时分我们就觉得这一切都是值得的。
20. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family.我们明白了猩猩家庭成员之间的联系像人类一样紧密。
21. behavior 行为
22. She spent years obrving and recording their daily activities.她花了多年的时间来观察并记录黑猩猩的日常活动。
obrve：obrve+宾语+宾语补足语（不带to的不定式/动词的-ing形式），被动语态要用带to的不定式。
They were obrved to enter the bank/entering the bank.他们被注意着进了银行。
obrve+从句，
The boy obrved what was going on between Tom and his sister.这个男孩注意着汤姆和他姐姐之间所发生的事。
3)当表示“看”时，obrve，watch，e，notice的区别：
obrve 相当于watch carefully，指从不同的角度长时间地看并研究，尤其用于实验或研究等场合，如obrve the stars（观察星星），obrve the behavior of birds（观察鸟类的习性）等；
watch意为“看；观看，特别留意、感兴趣地看运动着的东西”。如 watch TV（看电视），watch a game（观看比赛）等；
e 指“看到；看见”；强调看的结果，有意或无意地看到；
notice 指“看到；注意到；觉察到”；偶尔看到细小的但可能是重要的。
23. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. 她母亲头几个月来帮过忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。
24. Her work changed the way people think about chimps.她的工作改变了人们对黑猩猩的看法。
25. communicate with… 和……交流
Generally speaking, teachers are able to communicate their ideas clearly. 一般来说教师能把自己的意思表达清楚。
The Minister for Foreign Affairs has already communicated on this event with the American President. 外交部长已经跟美国总统就此事件交换过意见了。
26. be outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of the animals. 呼吁世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活。
We all regard our English teacher highly.我们都很尊敬我们的英语老师。
They were more outspoken about not losing their n of sharpness他们坦率地说不会
失去赢球的感觉
It is possible to be outspoken without being rude.既直言不讳又不显得粗鲁是可能做到的。
His outspoken remarks made him an easy target for the opposition.他那番直言不讳的言语使他成了反对派的主要抨击对象。
respect vt. & n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意
附近的近义词Youth should always show respect to old age.年轻人总是应该尊敬老人。
形容词respectable，respectful 与respective 的区别：
respectable 指“值得尊敬的”；respectful表示“尊敬的；恭敬的”；respective 指“各自的；分别的”。
表示“尊敬”时，respect和honour，regard的区别：
respect 正式用语，指对父母、年长者、正直的人、学者、法律、秘密等的尊敬或敬重
He respects his teachers.他尊敬老师。
honour非常尊敬（respect highly），指对君主、长辈、父母、贵人、德高望重之人、正直之人、天神等的敬意。
He was honoured as a man of courage.他被尊为勇者。
regard指对父母、他人的感情，对法律、安息日等的尊敬。
27. She is leading a busy life …她的生活是忙碌的， ……
He led a hard life. 他的日子过得很苦。He led us to his home.他把我们带到他家。
The path leads to the village. 这条小路通到那村庄。
28. Once I stop, it all comes crowding in …我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，……
Once printed, this dictionary will be very popular! 一旦出版，这本词典将会非常畅销！
The children crowded around the TV. 孩子们聚集在电视机周围
They crowded into my room. 他们挤进了我的房间。
a crowd of lookers –on 一群围观的人 draw a large crowd 吸引大批观众
29. And then I think about small chimps in cages though they have done nothing wrong. 然后我就想起那些没有任何过错却被关在笼子里的小黑猩猩。
think about 思索；考虑
The time is approaching when we must think about buying a new hou. 我们要想一想买
新房子的事了，时机即将来临。
do something wrong做错事
怎样制作臭豆腐do wrong 做错;作恶，犯罪
Did I do something wrong? 我做错了么？
Never challenge a fool to do wrong.
不要怂恿愚人干错事。
30. She inspires tho who want to cheer the achievements of women.她鼓励着人们为妇女们的成就而欢呼喝彩。
inspire sb. with hope激起某人的希望
I was inspired to work harder than ever before.我受激励比以往任何时候都更加努力地工作。
The good news of our football team winning the game cheered up everybody who heard it.我们足球队获胜的喜讯使每一个听到的人都感到高兴。
The crowd cheered at the sight of the honoured guests. 群众一看见贵宾就欢呼起来了。
31. Jane was permitted to begin her work after her mother came to support her. 她妈妈来
帮她后简才获准开始她的工作。
Circumstances do not permit me to help you [my helpingyou]. 情况不许可我帮助你。
Do you permit your children to smoke? 你准许你的孩子们吸烟吗?
if my health permits 如果我的健康状况容许的话
The situation does not permit of any delay. 情况不允许有任何耽搁。
32. Do you think it is important to study chimps in the wild rather than in a zoo? 你认为在野外研究黑猩猩而不是在动物园重要么？
33. task that requires a lot of time and effort需要很多时间和努力的任务
The floor requires washing.地板该洗了。
I require two children to help me.我需要两个孩子来帮我的忙。
All pasngers are required to show their tickets. 所有乘客都必须出示车票。
Students are required to attend class. 学生必须按规定上课
The emergency requires that it should be done. 情况紧急, 非这样做不可。
It requires that ...有...的必要
require sth. of sb.对某人有...的要求
require sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事
34. Many people look down upon poor people. 很多人看不起穷人。
look down upon 看不起，轻视文控
Her parents tell her not to look down upon countrymen. 她父母叫她不要瞧不起乡下人。
35. This class are very bright especially in science subjects. 这个班的学生在学习理科课程上都很聪明。
He is a bright child 他是聪明的孩子
You young kids have a bright future ahead of you! 你们年青人的前途光辉灿烂!
36. future cuts in income tax 未来所得税的削减
cut n. 减少；降低；削减
cuts in government spending削减政府支出
a cut on the leg 腿上的伤口
消防培训心得体会Before this play is broadcast veral cuts must be made. 这个剧本播出之前有几处必须删改。
37. I think everyone is ttled in London, although neither the weather nor the food is goo
d. 尽管天气和食物都不好，但是我想每个人都已经在伦敦住下了。
, ., either…or…
连接并列主语时，谓语动词采用的人称和数应是与其最靠近的那个主语保持一致。
We had neither money nor food.我们既没有钱,也没有食物。
Neither this pen nor that one is mine.这只钢笔和那只钢笔都不是我的。
38. I sat down at the computer to do some rearch on great women of China.我坐在电脑旁研究中国的伟大女性。
to do rearch on blood dias 进行血液病研究
to rearch into the caus of an illness 研究发病原因
39. By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in women’s dias. 很偶然地，我看到了一篇关于林巧稚大夫的文章，她是妇科专家。
by chance 偶然，碰巧，意外地
I met her quite by chance.我遇见她完全是偶然的.
come across (越过…而)来到; 偶然遇到
I happened to have come across the book once.我碰巧有次见过这本书。
Many a time have we come across this same photo.我们多次都见到过这同一张照片。
40. It emed that she had been very busy in her chon career, travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles.她似乎一直都为自己选择的事业而奔忙，去国外留学，写了很多书和文章。
41. One of them caught my eyes.其中有一本书引起了我的注意。
catch 吸引；迷住
to catch a person's eye引起某人的注意
I'd like another drink, try to catch the waiter's eye. 我想再来一杯,看着服务员,想引起他的注意。
42. She gave some simple rules to follow for keeping babies clean, healthy and free from sickness. 她提出了一些可以遵循的简单的做法，保持婴儿清洁和健康，让他们远离疾病。
free from 不受(免于,没有)
He leads a life (which is) free from care. 他过着无忧无虑的生活。
43. be intended for 为……而编写
The book is intended for beginners. 本书是为初学者编写的。
be intended to (do) 意思是使; 是用来
be intended to be规定为, 确定为
it is intended that 企图, 意图是
intend for打算供...使用; 打算送给，打算使...成为; 想让...从事某事
44. Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time. 突然我想起，在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么的困难。
hit 使…突然想到；偶然发现，找到
An idea hit him that he will get us out of our difficulty.他突然想起了一个好主意, 可以使我们摆脱困境。
Robert has hit upon an idea that will get us out of our difficulty.
罗伯特想出了一个好主意,可以使我们摆脱困境。
45. That was a generation when girls’ education was always placed cond to boys’. 那可是一个女性受教育总是排在男性之后的年代。
cond to … 仅次于……的 cond to none最佳的，首屈一指的；比谁都好
46. Further reading made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as h
er gentle nature that got her into medical school. 进一步的阅读使我了解到，是苦干、决心和善良的天性使她走进医学院的大门。
47. …the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients 她对所有病人献出的爱心和体贴。
in consideration of报答；由于
take into consideration顾及，考虑到
under consideration在考虑中，在研究中
48. story after story 数不胜数的故事，一个接一个的故事
49. …deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.为贫苦家庭的产妇接生，而这些家庭是不可能给她报酬的。
deliver为…接生, 递送, 陈述, 释放, 发表(一篇演说等), 交付
Which doctor delivered the baby? 哪位医生接生了这个婴儿？
deliver sth. to sb.把某物交付给某人deliver a message带信, 传话
deliver a speech作演讲
我的坚强50. By now I could not wait to find out more about her.现在我迫不及待地想多了解一些有
关她的情况。
can't / couldn't wait to do sth. 迫不急待地想做某事
I can't wait to e how you all turn out. 我都等不及想看看你们都最终会如何。
51. I discovered that Lin had devoted her whole life to her patients and had chon not to have a family of her own.我发现林巧稚把毕生都奉献给了病人，而自己却选择了独身。
52. carry on 继续开展，坚持下去
After his death, his children will certainly carry on his career. 百年之后, 他的孩子一定会继承他的事业。
In any event, we should carry on with our rearch. 无论如何, 我们必须坚持研究。
53. It was still not too late for me to improve my studies, prepare for the university entrance examinations, and …现在努力提高学习成绩，准备大学入学考试还不算晚，…
It is not too late to inform the peasants that a storm is coming.
通知农民暴风雨就要来临还不算太晚。
Maybe it is not too late for me to buy you something now? 也许我现在给你买点东西还不算太晚？
54. Only when we understand their difficulties and problems, can we better understand their achievements.只有当我们理解他们的困难和难题时，我们才能够更好地领会他们的业绩。
55. worthwhile adj.值得花时间（精力）的；有价值的
It is worthwhile to visit the muum.参观这个博物馆是值得的。
区别worthwhile与worth，worthy的用法：
worthwhile意为“值得”，指花时间、精力、金钱等去做某事是值得的。如：
It is worthwhile to read the book.=It is worthwhile reading the book.=Reading the book is worthwhile.这本书值得一读。
但不可以说The book is worthwhile reading.
worth表示“价值……”时，后接价值数量词；当表示“值得”时，后接名词、代词或动名词（不能接不定式）,常用well修饰，不用very。
This laptop is worth 10 000 yuan and it is well worth buying.这台笔记本电脑值10 000元,很值得买。
worthy表示“有价值的；可尊敬的”时，常作定语；表示“值得”时，常作表语，结构为 worthy
of sth.。
It is a worthy cau and worthy of our hardworking.这是一份高尚的事业，值得我们努力。
worthy后面还可接动名词或不定式，结构分别是worthy of being done和worthy to be done。
The incident is worthy of being remembered.=The incident is worthy to be remembered.这次事件值得纪念。什么是视差
56. argue vi.争论；辩论 vt. 争论；说服
He argued that the experiment could be done in another way.他认为这项实验可以换一种方法做。
argue with sb.about/over sth.因为……和……争辩,如：
They are arguing with the officials over foreign policies.他们正就外交政策与官员们进行辩论。
argue+that 从句,
We argued that we should be paid more.我们据理力争我们应该得到更高的薪水。
白花蛇舌草的功效与作用
be...说明……，
The way he spends money argues him to be rich/that he is rich.他花钱的方式说明他很富有。
argue for/against提出理由支持/反对，
He argued against the u of animals in this experiment.他反对用动物做这个实验。
