比较级和最高级的构成和用法
第一篇：比较级和最高级的构成和用法
比较级和最高级的构成和用法
A.比较级和最高级的构成：
1.形容词和副词加“er”构成比较级，加“est”构成最高级。
例如：great greater greatest；narrow narrower narrowest fast faster fastest； clever cleverer cleverest
2.以e结尾的单音节形容词和副词后以及少数以-ble，-ple结尾的双音节形容词和副词之后，加“r”构成比较级，加“st”构成最高级。
例如：large larger largest；able abler ablest simple simpler simplest
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3.以一个辅音结尾的单音节形容词，其前的元音字母发短元音时，该辅音字母要双写，然后加“er”，“est”。
例如：hot hotter hottest
4.以辅音加y结尾的形容词和少数不是形容词加ly构成的副词，要将y改为i，再加“er”构成比较级，加“est”构成最高级。
例如：easy easier easies；
early earlier earliest happy happier happiest
5.一般在双音节或多音节的形容词和副词原级前加more构成比较级或加most构成最高级。
例如：beautiful more beautiful most beautiful careful more carefully most carefully
6.少数单音节形容词也加more和most构成比较级和最高级。
例如：tired more tired most tired plead more plead most plead
7.下列形容词，副词的比较级和最高级可有两种构成方法。
cruel crueler/ more cruel cruelest/ most cruel often oftener/ more often oftenest/ most ofte微信不能发语音
n strict stricter/ more strict strictest/ most strict
friendly friendlier/ more friendly friendliest/ most friendly 8.下列形容词，副词的比较级和最高级的构成不规则。
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good/well better best bad/ill wor worst many/much more most little less least
far farther /further farthest/ furthest old elder/older eldest/oldest
三、比较级的用法：
1． 双方比较表示一方超过另一方时, 用“比较级+than”的结构表示。
例如：There are more workers in this factory than in that factory.这个工厂的工人比那个工厂的多。
The climate of Dalian is better than that of Shanghai.大连的气候比上海好。
The atmosphere of the earth is much denr than that of the moon.地球的大气比月球的要稠密的多。
2． 表示一方不3． 及另一方时，4． 用“less +原级+ than”的结构表示。例如：This room is less beautiful than that one.这个房间不如那个房间漂亮。暖气不热
They speak less fluently but more correctly than we(do).他们讲得不如我们流利，但比我们准确。
5． 表示一方超过另一方的程度或为二倍6． 时，7． 可在比较级前加表示程度的状语。
如： even, a little ,still, much, far , yet ,by far, slightly, very much, no, any, rather, a great deal, a lot, lots, a bit等修饰。
例如：He works even harder than before.他比以前更加努力工作。
There is lots more sugar in the storeroom.储藏室有更多的糖。
He was too tired to walk any further.他太累了，再也走不动了。
Are you any better than before? 你今天比以前好点了吗？
That would be a great deal better.那样的话就好多了。
The photographs of Mars taken by satellites are much clearer than tho taken from the earth.从卫星上拍的照片比从地球上拍的清楚。
注意：英语的比较级前如无even, still或yet等时，译成汉语时可用“较……”或“……一些”或不译出，一般不可用“更”。
如：She is better than she was yesterday.她比昨天好些了。
Plea come earlier tomorrow.明天请早点来。
注意：by far, far, much 通常用于强调最高级。by far用于比较级时，一般放在比较级的后面。如放在前面，应在二者中间加“the”。far and away, out and away, the very只能用于修饰最高级。
如：Building this tunnel was by far the most challenging problem in the system.建筑这样一条隧道无疑是这个系统中最棘手的工程。
This is much the best.这是最好的。
It is far and away(or out and away)the best.这是好的无以复加。
This is the very best book that he ever wrote.这是他写过的书中最好的一本。
8． 表示主语随另一方的程度而9． 变化时，10． 用“the +比较级（主语+谓语），11． the +比较级（主语+谓语）”的结构。
荠菜怎么保存例如：The harder he works, the happier he feels.他越努力工作越感到幸福。
The higher we went up the mountain, the colder it became.越往山的高处爬越冷。
The more they talked, the more encouraged they felt.他们越说越感到鼓舞。
12． 不13． 与其它事物相比，14． 表示本身程度的改变时，15． 用“比较级+比较级”的结构。
例如：The weather is getting colder and colder.天气越来越冷。
The girl becomes more and more beautiful.这个女孩长得越来越漂亮。
The days become longer and longer.天变的越来越长。
We are walking more and more slowly.我们走得越来越慢。
6.在inferior(劣于), superior(优于), junior(年幼的), nior(年长的), prior(前面的), posterior(后面的)等后面用to代替than。
众的组词
例如：He is superior to Mr.Wang in mathematics.在数学上他比王先生好。平字成语
His work is inferior to mine.他的工作不如我的好。
He is 2 years nior to me.他比我大两岁。
网名男两个字The duty is prior to all others.这项任务比其他任务都重要。
7．在比较从句中为了避免重复，我们通常用that(tho)，one（ones）代替前面出现的名词，that指物，one既可指人，也可指物.that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词，而one只能代替可数名词。
例如：The book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk.餐桌上的那本书比课桌上的那本书有趣。
A box made of iron is stronger than one made of wood.铁箱子比木箱子结实。
“ the + 形容词的比较级 + of ” 例如：He is the taller of the two.他是两个人中较高的一个。
She is the more beautiful of the two sisters.她是两姐妹中较美的一个。
Of the two landscapes that you have shown me, this one is the more picturesque.你给我看的两处景色中，这一处更别致。
8．表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：
A.A is three(four,etc.)times the size(height,length,width,etc.)of B
例如：The new building is four times the size（the height）of the old one.这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大（四倍高）。（这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍[高三倍]）
B.A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, wide, etc.)as B.例如：Asia is four times as large as Europe 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。（亚洲比欧洲大三倍。）
C.A is three(four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, wider, etc.)than B 例如：Your school is three times bigger than ours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。(你们的学校是我们学校的四倍大。)
