模块五第二单元单词详解
economy n
[C, U]（金钱﹑力气﹑时间﹑资源等的）节省, 节约: practi economy 实行节约
economy class，经济舱（最低廉的客机舱位）[U]理财: political economy 政治经济学domestic economy国内经济
[C] (常作the economy)（国家的）经济管理; 经济制度:
The state of the economy is very worrying. 目前的经济状况令人十分担忧.
economic adj 经济学的; 经济的: the government's economic policy 政府的经济政策
economic development 经济发展economic recovery经济复苏
economical adj 经济的; 节俭的; 省时间的; 节约的: an economical car to run节油汽车
She is economical with/in her u of salt when cooking. 她烹饪时用盐很省.
economics n [sing v] 经济学; 经济原则: the economics of publishing出版的经济原则.
economist n经济学研究者; 经济学家
debate n [C, U] (a)（正式的）辩论, 讨论（如在公众集会或议会中, 常以表决结束）:
to open the debate开始辩论（第一个发言）under debate, 在辩论中
(b)（一般性的）辩论, 讨论:
We had long debates at college about politics. 我们上大学时曾长时间地辩论政治问题.
Her resignation caud much public debate. 她辞职一事引起群众议论纷纷.
debate v
煽动是什么意思~ (about sth)对（某事）进行辩论; 讨论（某事）:
What are they debating (about)? 他们在辩论什麽?
We're just debating what to do next. 我们正讨论下一步该做什麽事.
They debated closing the factory. 他们争论是否关闭工厂.
密蒙花的功效和作用考虑（某事物）以决定:
I debated it for a while, then decided not to go. 我反覆考虑後决定不去.
I'm debating where to go on holiday. 我在琢磨到何处度假.
He debated buying a new car, but didn't in the end. 他思量很久是否买辆新汽车…debater n辩论的人，讨论者; 辩论家
prervation n [U]
保护; 维护; 保存; 保留; 保持:
the prervation and conrvation of wildlife 对野生动物的保护
The aim of the policy is the prervation of peace. 这一政策旨在维护和平.
保存完好之程度:
The paintings were in an excellent state of prervation. 这些画保存得非常好.
prerve v
(a) 保护, 维护（某事物）: prerve one's eyesight 保护视力
a very well-prerved man of eighty 一个保养得很好的八十老翁
Efforts to prerve the peace have failed. 维护和平的努力已经失败了.
(b) ~ sth (for sth)保存或保留某事物:
Few of the early manuscripts have been prerved. 早期的手稿保存下来的不多.
(c) ~ sb (from sb/sth)保护某人: The calm courage of the pilot prerved the lives of the pasngers. 飞行员临危不惧的勇气保住了乘客们的生命. * God prerve us!上帝保佑我们吧!
使（某事物）不受损失; 保持: prerve her n of humour 保持幽默感
It is difficult to prerve one's lf-respect in that job. 做那样的工作很难保持自尊.
（用装瓶装罐﹑乾燥﹑冷冻等法）保存（食物）:
Salt and spices help to prerve meat. 盐和调味品有助於保藏肉类.
In the summer, large crops of fruit may be prerved by freezing or bottling.
夏天收获的大量水果可冷藏或装瓶装罐加以保存.
[尤用於被动语态]禁止外人（捕猎等）; 将（土地﹑河流区段等）保留以供私用:
The fishing in this stretch of the river is strictly prerved. 此段河流严禁外人捕鱼.
prerve n
1 (a) [C usu pl] 经加工保存的水果: apricot prerves杏脯.
(b) [U] 果酱: strawberry prerve草莓酱
2 [C] 专供私人行猎或捕鱼的保留区.
3 [sing] 被认为某人所专有的活动﹑爱好等: She regards negotiating prices with customers as
her special prerve. 她把与顾客讨价还价看作自己的专长. prerver n保护者；维护者; 保藏食品者; 防护用品; 私人保留地: a life-prerver救生用品. prervative adj （用来）保护的, 保存的:
Salt has a prervative effect on food. 盐对食物有防腐作用. prervative n [C, U] 保护剂; 防腐剂: food free from prervatives不含防腐剂的食品
Prervative is usually added to tinned meat. 防腐剂通常加在肉类罐头里. awful adj
极坏的; 极讨厌的; 可怕的: an awful accident, experience, shock可怕的事故﹑经历﹑打击
很坏的; 糟透的: What awful weather! 多麽坏的天气! I feel awful. 我觉得难受极了.
The film was awful. 那个电影糟透了.
[作定语] 极度的: That's an awful lot of money. 那是很多很多钱哪.
I'm in an awful hurry to get to the bank. 我正急着去银行.
awfully adv 很; 非常: awfully hot 热极了awfully sorry 非常抱歉
It's awfully kind of you. 多谢﹑多谢.
I'm afraid I'm awfully late. 我实在太迟了.
Thanks awfully for the prent. 万分感谢您的厚礼.
poison n [C, U]
毒药; 毒物: rat poison 老鼠药poison for killing weeds 除草剂
commit suicide by taking poison 服毒自杀poison gas, 毒气
极糟的食物: I'm not eating that poison! 我可不吃那种猪食!
poison v~ sb/sth (with sth)
(a) 施毒於（某生物）; 用毒药毒死或毒害某人[某物]:
女按摩师2
His wife poisoned him with arnic. 他妻子用砒霜把他毒死了.
(b) 在某物中放毒: The chemical companies are poisoning our rivers with effluent.
这些化学公司排出废水污染着我们的河流.
(a)（在道德上）败坏某事物; 腐化某事物:时政手抄报
poison sb's mind with propaganda通过宣传毒害某人的思想.
(b) 使某事物受苦﹑受难﹑受罪等; 破坏或毁坏某事物:
a quarrel which poisoned our friendship 有损我们友谊的争吵
an experience that poisons sb's life使某人一生受害的经历.
poison A's mind against B对A说B的坏话（通常指不实之词）
poisoned adj
1（因伤口感染等）发炎的: a poisoned hand发炎的手.
2有毒的; 施过毒药的: a poisoned arrow毒箭
poisoner n施毒者
poisoning n [C, U] 施毒; 中毒: blood poisoning血中毒
poisonous adj
1 (a) 用毒物杀敌或猎物的: poisonous snakes, incts, etc毒蛇﹑有毒的昆虫.
(b) 引起中毒的: poisonous plants, chemicals有毒的植物﹑化学物质.
2 (a) 败坏道德的: the poisonous doctrine of racialsuperiority毒害良知的种族优越论.
(b) 恶意的; 恶毒的: sb with a poisonous tongue言语恶毒的人
poisonously adv.
atmosphere n
(a) the atmosphere大气, 大气层（包围地球的气体）
(b) 包围任何星球的气体: an atmosphere that supports life可以维持生命的气体.
某一地方的空气: The atmosphere is very stuffy in here 这里的空气很闷
气氛; 情绪: An atmosphere of tension filled the room. 屋子里笼罩着紧张的气氛.
The atmosphere over dinner was warm and friendly. 用餐时洋溢着热情友好的气氛.
atmospheric adj
大气的; 大气层的: unusual atmospheric conditions异常的大气状态.
制造气氛的: atmospheric lighting制造气氛的灯光.
atmospheric pressure大气压力
flow v (pt, pp -ed)
(a)（指液体）流动:
Her tears flowed freely (down her cheeks). 她眼泪止不住地（顺着面颊）往下流.
Most rivers flow into the a. 江河大多流入海洋.
Blood suddenly started flowing out. 突然流出血来.
(b) 畅通无阻（尤指在封闭系统内）; 流通; 流传:
Keep the traffic flowing. 保持交通畅通无阻.
Blood flows round the body. 血液在体内循环.
（指讲话或写作）流畅: Conversation flowed freely when the speaker invited discussion.
演讲人请大家讨论, 於是人人畅所欲言.
松散而无束缚地落下或垂下: Her hair flowed (down) over her shoulders. 她长发垂肩.
~ (with sth)有的是; 大量供应; 取之不尽:
a land flowing with milk and honey自然资源丰富的地方.
（指海潮）涨, 涨潮: The tide began to flow and our footprints were covered.
开始涨潮了, 潮水遮住了我们的脚印.
flow in/into sth不断涌入: Offers of help flowed into the office.
人们接连不断地向办事处表示愿意提供帮助.
flow from sth源於某事物；为某事物的结果: Many benefits will flow from this discovery.
这项发现将带来许多好处.
flow out (of sth)外流: Profits are flowing out of the country. 利润源源不断地流向国外. flow over sb（某事）发生而不影响某人: Office politics just em to flow over him.
同事之间互相倾轧﹑勾心斗角的事似乎并未波及到他.
flow n (通常作单数)
1~ (of sth/sb)（某事物[某人]的）流动（量）; 流量:
a steady flow of traffic 川流不息的来往车辆The government is trying to stop the increasing flow of refugees entering the country. 政府正在设法阻止越来越多的难民流入本国.
2~ (of sth)某事物的持续或连续供应（量）: cut off the flow of oil 切断石油输送
the constant flow of information源源不断的信息.
3口若悬河; 滔滔不绝:
I interrupted him while he was in full flow他正在高谈阔论, 我打断了他的话.
4涨潮: the ebb and flow of the a海潮的涨落.
addition n
[U] 加（尤指计算两个或两个以上数目的总和）.
[C] ~ (to sth)增加的人或事物:
They've just had an addition to the family. 他们家里刚刚又添了一口人（另一个孩子）.
in addition (to sb/sth)加之; 除...之外:
In addition (to the names on the list) there are six other applicants.
单薄的近义词除此（名单上的名字）之外, 还有六个申请人.
additional adj 附加的; 另外的; 外加的: additional candidates, supplies外加的候选人﹑供应
additionally adv.
wipe v
(a) ~ sth (on sth); ~ sth (down/over)擦﹑拭或揩某物: wipe the dishes把碟子擦乾
交通安全教育主题班会教案wipe the table 擦桌子wipe one's eyes擦乾眼泪
(b) 用（布等）擦: wipe a damp sponge across one's face用湿海绵擦脸
(c) 搽（某物质）: Wipe the lotion onto your face. 你在脸上搽些护肤液
~ sth from/off sth; ~ sth away/off/up擦净或擦掉某物:
wipe (away) the tears from one's eyes 擦（掉）眼泪
wipe the writing from the blackboard 把黑板上的字擦掉*
wipe (up) the spilt milk off the floor 把洒在地板上的牛奶擦乾净
Wipe that smile/grin/expression off your face!别笑[咧着嘴笑/做出那种表情]!
wipe the floor with sb（在辩论﹑竞赛等中）把某人打得一败涂地
wipe sth off the face of the earth/off the map彻底消除某事物
wipe the slate clean勾销过去的错误或过失; 重新开始
wipe sth out (a) 擦拭（盆﹑碗等）的内部:
This va wasn't wiped out properly before it was put away. 这个花瓶没擦乾净就收起来了. (b) 除去或取消某事物: wipe out one's debts还清债务
(c) 彻底消灭或摧毁某事物:
Whole villages were wiped out in the bombing raids. 整座整座的村庄都在轰炸中摧毁了.
wiped out精疲力竭的
lay1v (pt, pp laid)
(a) 将（某物[某人]）置於某位置或某物表面: lay the book on the table 把书放在桌上
lay onelf down to sleep 躺下睡觉He laid his hand on my shoulder. 他把手放在我的肩上.
(b)（为某目的）将（某物）摆放於适当位置: lay the table摆设餐具准备吃饭
~ A (on/over B); ~ B with A（在某物上）摊开某物; 用某物覆盖或附加一层某物:
lay carpeting on the floor/lay the floor with carpeting 铺地毯
使（某人[某事物]）处於某状态或情况:
lay sb under an obligation to do sth 使某人承担做某事的义务
使（某物）沉降, 安顿: sprinkle water to lay the dust洒水使尘土落下.
使（某物）平顺或伏贴:
using hair cream to lay the hair sticking up at the back用发乳把後面竖起的头发弄服帖.
使（某事物）减轻, 平息, 缓解:
lay sb's fears, doubts, suspicions 消除某人的恐惧﹑疑虑﹑怀疑
[不用於被动语态] ~ sth (on sth)就某事赌（钱）; 压（赌注）:
How much did you lay on that race? 那场赛马你下了多少赌注?
I'll lay you 5 that she won't come. 我看她不来了, 我愿跟你赌5英镑.
腐竹用热水泡还是冷水泡[尤用於被动语态]（指男子）与（某女子）性交; 肏: get laid挨肏.
（指鸟﹑虫等）产（卵）: The cuckoo lays its eggs in other birds' nests. 杜鹃…产卵.
new-laid eggs at 90p a dozen 90便士一打的鲜蛋.
(某些lay + n + prep/infinitive的组合, 其意义与该名词形式相关的动词相同, 如lay the emphasis on certain
points = emphasize certain points): lay stress on neatness强调整齐
Who should we lay the blame on?我们该责备谁? lay (one's) plans to do sth 计画做某事lay it on (thick/with a trowel)夸大地赞扬﹑恭维等:
To call him a genius is laying it on a bit (too thick)! 把他称为天才是有点过分了.
lay about one (with sth)向四周挥打:
As we approached her, she laid about her with a stick. 我们接近她时, 她就挥棒乱打.
lay about sb/sth (with sth)用言语或拳﹑棒等攻击某人[某事物]:
She laid about him, calling him a liar and a cheat. 她攻击他, 说他说谎﹑是个骗子.
lay sth aside (a) 把某事物放在一边:
I laid my book aside, turned off the light and went to sleep. 我把书放在一边, 关了灯睡觉.
(b) 抛弃或放弃某事物:
lay aside one's studies, one's responsibilities放弃学业﹑责任.
(c) (also lay sth by) 留存某物以备将来之用; 储存某物:
lay some money aside for one's old age积钱防老.
lay sth away付定钱购某物, 俟货款付齐再行交货.
lay sth down (a) 将（酒）贮存於地窖等: lay down claret贮存乾红葡萄酒.
(b)（开始）建造某物: lay down a new ship, railway track建造新船﹑新铁路.
(c) 停止行使某事物; 放弃某事物: lay down one's office, duties放弃职务﹑中止义务. lay sth down; lay it 制定规则﹑原则等:
You can't lay down hard and fast rules. 规则不能定得太严太死.
It is laid down that all applicants must sit a written exam. 根据规定, 申请者一律需经笔试. lay sth in储备某物: lay in food, coal, supplies, etc储存食物﹑煤﹑供应品等.
lay into sb/sth用言语或拳﹑棒等猛烈攻击某人[某事物]:
He really laid into her, saying she was arrogant and unfeeling. 他痛斥她, 说她傲慢又无情. lay off (sb)不再做打扰人﹑讨人厌等的事:
Lay off! You're messing up my hair! 住手!你把我的头发都弄乱了!
Lay off him! Can't you e he's badly hurt?别碰他! 你没看见他伤得很厉害吗?
lay off (sth)不再做或使用有害的事物等:
I've smoked cigarettes for years, but now I'm going to lay off (them).
我抽烟很多年了, 现在打算戒了.
You must lay off alcohol for a while. 在一段时期内你必须禁酒.
lay sb off解雇（工人）（通常为短期）:
They were laid off becau of the lack of new orders. 由於没有新的定货, 他们遭暂时解雇. lay sth on (a)（给住房等）供应（煤气﹑水等）:
We can't move in until the electricity has been laid on. 我们得等电源接通後才能搬进去.
(b) (infml 口) provide sth; arrange sth 提供某事物; 安排某事物:
lay on a party, show, trip 组织娱乐会﹑展览会﹑出游
lay on food and drink 提供食物和饮料
Sighteing tours are laid on for visitors. 已为来访者安排了观光活动.
lay sb out打昏（某人）:
The boxer was laid out in the fifth round. 那个拳击手在第五回合中被击昏在地.
lay sth out (a) 展开某物（为备用或易见）:
beautiful jewellery laid out in the shop window 陈列在橱窗里的漂亮珠宝
(b) (常用於被动语态) 有计划地安排某事物:
lay out a town, garden 设计城市﹑布置花园
a well laid out magazine设计得精美的杂志.
(c) 花（钱）: I had to lay out a fortune on that car. 我得为那辆汽车花上一大笔钱.
lay over旅途中停留: We laid over in Arizona on the way to California.
我们在赴加利福尼亚州途中曾在亚利桑那州停留.
lay sb up (通常用於被动语态) 使某人卧床﹑不能工作等:
She's laid up with a broken leg. 她因腿伤卧床.
I've been laid up with flu for a week. 我患流感已在家休息一个星期了.
为什么要泡脚
lay sth up (a) 保留某物; 储存某物: lay up supplies, fuel, etc储备供应品﹑燃料等.
