《到灯塔去》的叙事方式研究
一、综述国内外对本课题的研究动态，说明选题的依据和意义：《到灯塔去》为英国著名女作家弗吉尼亚•伍尔夫的意识流杰作，在《到灯塔去》中意识流的叙事方式运用得尤为精彩。伍尔夫认为现实生活事实上是由普通人在一个瞬间接受的数不清的印象构成，她的小说以表现人物的心理活动为主。《到灯塔去》靠一个个人物的内心独白来展现、以自由联想组织故事，把意识流叙事手法运用到极致。而在时间上有意打破传统时间观念和传统心理小说的顺时序，消除逻辑时间界限，将感觉中的过去、现在和将来拧在一起组成主观心理时间，随人物心理时间的变化结构作品。梅•弗里德曼认为内心独白可再现意识的任一邻域。法国哲学家亨利•柏格森认为心理时间是各个时刻相互渗透的质的概念。瞿世镜认为意识流小说着力描写人物心理的种种感受，开掘深层的意识来展露隐蔽的灵魂和内心世界。目前国内外对伍尔夫作品的研究多在其主题上,而对《到灯塔去》的研究大致是女性主义和小说的结构,人物的心理描写及书中的艺术。在创作上,韩世轶对小说叙事角度与话语模式作了探讨;程倩讨论了美学机制；李森分析了其中的意识流写作技巧。
本文将从叙事方式的角度分析此小说的的写作特征,依靠前人的研究方法和研究成果，试图在
四六级英语官网这方面做一些尝试性研究，从不同角度分析其特殊的叙事方式，旨在理清意识流独特的叙事方式在《到灯塔去》中的应用。根号计算
二、 研究的基本内容，拟解决的主要问题：
伍尔夫的小说《到灯塔去》是一本意识流小说的杰作,书中没有完整的故事情节,仅仅靠叙事者改变和自由联想来组织故事,小说的主体是一个个人物自己的内心独白,而时间上将感觉中的过去、现在和将来拧在一起交错对照组成主观心理时间。本文将从自由联想组织故事（通过人物的意识流动把一些特定的思想情感及印象按一定顺序安排）、间接内心独白（通过书中人物的视角来叙述，从不同角度揭示人物心理变化并自由地出入人物精神世界）以及客观时间和心理时间交错这三个方面探讨书中的独特叙事方式,分析伍尔夫小说的叙事特点及意识流小说的叙事手法在书中的应用，希望能使人们更加理解意识流小说杰作《到灯塔去》及其独特叙事方式，并能借鉴、应用。
骄傲的公主
One of the most prominent literary figures of the twentieth century, Virginia Woolf is widely admired for her innovation of stream-of-consciousness narrative methods in the novel. To the Lighthou is usually considered as her best work in which her narrative me
thods were remarkable and her writing skill become perfect. It narrates story by different narrators and free association. Through the characters’ interior monologue, it tweaks the past, now and future in consciousness to form the subjective time and compare it with the external time. With the wide u of the skills, Virginia Woolf depicts her characters’ “inner world” to readers, hence she fully reveals the content and process of human consciousness to the reader.
作为二十世纪最卓越的文学家之一，弗吉尼亚•伍尔夫因她小说中创新的意识流叙事方式而受到广泛的推崇。《到灯塔去》通常被认为是她的最佳作品，在此小说中她独特的叙事方式引人注目，写作方法趋于完美。它靠叙事者改变和自由联想来叙述故事，通过间接内心独白把意识中的过去、现在和未来拧在一起形成主观时间并和客观时间对照。借助于这些叙事方式的运用，伍尔夫向读者展示了人物的内心世界并充分地揭示了人们意识活动的内容和过程。
Contents
Introduction……………………………………………..………………………1水的繁体字
1. Narrating the Story…………………………………..……………………….1酸菜汆白肉的做法
藿香正气胶囊说明书1.1 Different Narrators……………………………..………………………...2
1.2 Free Association…………………………………..……………………...4
2. Streams of Consciousness……………………………..……....……………..6
古代真的有轻功吗
2.1 Indirect Interior Monologue………………………..…………………….6寝室规章制度
2.2 Characters’ Inner World……………………………..…….……………...9
3. Time Method……………………………………………..………………….11
3.1 Clock Time vs. Psychological Time…………………..…………………12
3.2 Arrangement of the Narration……………………………..…………….13
Conclusion………………………………………………….…..………………15
Introduction
Virginia Woolf is an experimental novelist, critic, short story writer and essayist of the twentieth century. First published in 1927, To the Lighthou received wide critical acclaim and is one of Virginia Woolf’s most accessible novels, it is a notable stream-of-consciousness work.
Over the years, various comments and reviews have been applied to this novel, they have placed Woolf within a psychoanalytic framework, feminism and postmodernism, and they also studied her narrative methods. Woolf believes that novelists try to capture the evanescent moments of being and not conform to the conventional fiction plot or characterization. According to Leaska, “Almost half the first ction is transmitted through Mrs. Ramsay; more than three-quarters of the cond ction is given omnisciently; and more than half of the third ction is filtered through Lily Briscoe.” (147) Li Sen analys the technique of stream of consciousness in To the Lighthou. He believes her “inner subjective realistic theory” express the real life profoundly (李森 23). Qing Hong states in her thesis, “The moment of being epiphany in To the Lighthou”, she thinks the epiphany is put on the joint of the interweaving of clock time and external time (秦红 37).
