书圣是哪位干货:if的11种用法(中考、高考)
if的12种用法(中考、高考以及稍高些的…)
1.主将从现的if:表示经常发生或总是如此——这是目前中考英语常考的条目
此种情况下的if后接的从句使用一般现在时或现在完成时,主句可以使用表示将来时的will, shall, can, must等情态动词,也可使用祈使句,be to do等结构。
1) We’ll go if the weather stays fine, but if it rains we’ll stay at home.
2) I’ll go there, if I can find time.
3) If anyone calls, tell them I’m not at home.
4) If I don’t run, the train will have left. 如果我不跑,火车就会开走了。
5) If I’m going to a club, I wear much the same as I wear for work.
去俱乐部的话,我得和上班穿得差不多。
6) Should anyone call (= if anyone calls), plea tell them I’m busy. (本条目以前发过)
如果有人打电话来,请告诉他我正忙着。
If I stay till May, I’ll have been working here for 20 years.
如果我待到5月,我在这儿工作就满20年了。
2.客观事实的if:总会这样,一般规则,客观真理,此时的if相当于when, whenever, every time,表示时间的含义。(中高考英语不作为考查条目,需要平时了解)
Accidents will happen. 意外总是难免的。
If metals gets hot it expands. 金属受热就膨胀。
Plastic will melt if it gets too hot. 塑料太热会融化。
If it’s’ made of wood, it will float. 这要是木材做的就能浮在水面上。
She glares at me if I go near here desk. 我一走过她的办公桌,她就对我瞪眼。
If the children do/are doing their homework, my husband and I always try to be quiet.
军旅言情小说
If/When I eat too much, I just get fat. 我吃得太多就会发胖。(表示“总是会这样”)
If anything goes wrong, the manager always gets the blame.
如果有什么时出错,经理总是受到指责。
3.虚拟语气的if(这是目前高考英语最为艰难理解的句法内容)
3.1:现在
If John was/were here now, he would know what to do.
3.2:将来
If I had the money tomorrow, I would buy a big hou.
If he were to try harder, he would pass the exam.
If all the plants should disappear one day, there would hardly be any life on the earth.
If he could come on time next time, he would not be fired.
在中午What would happen to your family if you were to die in an accident?
要是你在一次事故中身亡,你的家人会怎么样呢?
3.3:过去
If he had been there last week, he would have helped you.
2.4 省略if从而倒装,把were, should, had(或could, might, did, would)提至句首
4.过去时态的if:这时,when可以代替if。【这是老师们所不讲的内容,至少我的老师未曾将解过过去时态的if的真实条件用法——这里补足】
过去的事实,也可以是过去经常的情况,此时也可用if来表达。
If he got up early, he would cook breakfast for me when we were in town.
If he had got time, Dad would read storybooks before I went to sleep. (would总会)
If I wanted anything, I always got it. 如果我想要什么,我总能得到它。
5.含有be to或be going to的if从句,表示目的(少见,但不算罕例)
If I’m to be there on time tomorrow, I must leave now.
为了明天准时/如果我打算明天到那儿,我必须现在离开。
6.让步意义的if(高考英语曾考查过类似用法)
此时的if相当于although的含义,语气上比后者弱。
He is very lazy if intelligent. 虽然他聪明,但很懒惰。
If I am wrong, you are not right. 虽然我错了,但你也不对。
六年级上册数学知识点总结>口琴吹法图解
遵守制度7.表示推断的if:可能/大概(表示认为某事可能是真的)【目前的中高考并没有考查真条目】
That will be Tim coming home now. 这会儿可能是Tim回家了。
As you will have noticed, there are some gaps in the data.
你也许已经注意到了,数据有些缺漏。
8.表示命令意味的if:必须(用于下命令或说明规定)
Will you be quiet! 你安静点好不好!
会员卡营销
You will do as I say. 你要按我说的去做。
Every employees will carry an identity card at all times.
每个员工都必须一直携带身份证。
9.if…will…,主句:if表示“意愿,肯”【可以向学生讲解,但需要是“好学生”,否则就蒙了】
If you will sit down for a few moments, I’ll tell the manager you’re here.
If he will come, he will.
潮汕牛肉粿条
10.“是否”含义的if(这一直是中高考英语考查的重点)
1)在advi, choo, consider, discuss之后不使用if,
而使用whether表达“是否”后接从句的含义。
2)介词后不用if
3)不定式前不使用if
4)表语从句不使用if
5)同位语从句不使用if
6)句首表“是否”不使用if
7)if …or not成立(初中学生目前不使用此种结构为好),if or not…不可以
(以上“是否含义,只可用whether表达”)
11.if用于否定的陈述句中表达惊奇或恼怒【本条目一般词典收录不多,此处写出供参考】
《英语难题解答400则》许孟雄著第114页——摘录
If I have not lost my watch! 我把我的表丢了,真倒霉!
(=Unfortunately, I have lost my watch.)
And if he did not try to knock me down! 令人吃惊的是他竟欲把我打倒!
(=Surprisingly, he tried to knock me down!)
以上各例句足以证明一个公式:
If加not表面是否定条件句,实际是感叹肯定独立句。
英译汉时可不要把if译为“如果”或“假定”;if + not应译为肯定。