Posttest Three
Passage 1
At the Thirteenth Annual Convention of the National Negro Business League in 1912, no women were included on the schedule of speakers. Madam C.J.Walker, a highly successful inventor and distributor of hair care products for African-American women, shocked the participants when she walked up and claimed the podium from moderator Booker T. Washington:
“Surely you are not going to shut the door in my face. I feel that I am in a business that is a credit to the womanhood of our race. I am a woman who started in business ven years ago with only＄1.50. This year (up to the 19th day of this month…) I had taken in＄18,000. (Prolonged applau). This makes a grand total of＄63,049 made in my hair business in Indianapolis.(Applau.) I have been trying to get before you business people to tell you what I am doing. I am a woman that came from the cotton fields of the South; I was promot
ed from there to the wash-tub(laughter); then I was promoted to the cook kitchen, and from there I promoted mylf into the business of manufacturing hair goods and preparations…I am not ashamed of my past; I am not ashamed of my humble beginning. Don’t think that becau you have to go down in the wash-tub that you are any less a lady! (Prolonged applau.) ”
1. The purpo of Madam Walker嘉和城温泉谷’s speech was to
A. demonstrate her hair products to the league
B. lash out at Booker T. Washington for ignoring her
C. make the members of the league take notice of her business success
D. influence the members of the league to admit more women
E. encourage black women to go into business for themlves
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2. As reflected in her speech, Madam Walker’s attitude is best described as
职业地位A. envious
B. proud
C. reverent
D. cautious
E. fearful
3. The reaction of the members of the league to Madam Walker’s speech can be described as
A. indifferent
B. angry
C. sad
流口水怎么回事
D. favorable
E. Critical
4. The reference to her promotion from the cotton fields to the wash tub to the cook kitchen is ud to
A. show how far she has come
可列可加性B. establish a connection with her audience
C. suggest that hard work is not ladylike
D. debunk a myth about African-American women
E. make people feel sorry for her
5. What does Madam Walker means when she says, “Don’t think that becau you have to go down in the wash-tub that you are any less a lady”?
A. Ladies should not have to scrub and cook.
信息技术革命B. Getting down on your knees to scrub is hard work for a lady.
C. It is not ladylike to work with your hands.
D. Very few ladies get ahead in the business world.
E. There is nothing demeaning about hard work.
Passage 2
On March 20, 1980, a rried of small earthquakes signaled the awakening of Mount St. Helens from a 123-year slumber. Over the next two months more than 10,000 earthquakes followed as magma moved into the volcano, wedging the volcano apart at a rate of five feet per day. Heat from a rising plume of volcanic ash melted glacial ice creating cement-like slurries of rock and ash called mudflows. Superheated avalanches o
f hot gas, magma caud a visible swelling of the volcano’s north flank creating a feature that scientists called “the bulge.”
Many geologists weren’t surprid by Mount St. Helens’ awakening. In the 1950s, geologists had begun an extensive study of the deposits around Mount St. Helens. In 1975, they published a report predicting that Mount St. Helens was the volcano in the lower 48 states most likely to erupt by the end of the century.
On the morning of May 18, 1980, a magnitude 5.1 earthquake triggered the collap of the summit and north flank of Mount St. Helens and formed the largest landslide in recorded history. Gas-rich magma and super-heated groundwater trapped inside the volcano were suddenly relead in a powerful lateral blast. In less than three minutes, 230 square miles of forest lay flattened. The hot gas and magma melted the snow and ice that covered the volcano. The resulting floodwater mixed with the rock and debris to create concrete-like mudflows that scoured river valleys surrounding the mountain.
A plume of volcanic ash and pumice billowed out of the volcano reaching a height of 15 miles and transformed day into night across Eastern Washington. Avalanches of super-heated gas and pumice, called pyroclastic flows, swept down the flanks of the volcano. While the landslide and lateral blast were over within minutes, the eruption column, mudflows and pyroclastic flows continued throughout the day and following night. By the following morning major eruptive activity had cead and the landscape appeared to be a gray wasteland.
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6. The primary purpo of this passage is to
A. offer general information about volcanoes
B. describe a specific volcanic eruption
C. offer specific advice about what to do when a volcano erupts
D. provide historical background about volcanoes
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E. appeal for action to protect the environment
