【转载】2013高考英语精华知识点5
二、地点状语从句
地点状语从句通常由where, wherever（where的强势语）和everywhere引导，是表示空间关系的状语从句。
A． where
where 在……地方，去……地方
Wuhan lies here the Yangtze and the Han River meet.
武汉位于长江和汉水汇合处。
Where there is a will, there is a way.
有志者，事竟成。
I found my books where I had left them.
题菊花
我的书在我原来放的地方找到了。
You'd better make a mark where you have any questions.
哪儿有问题，你最好在哪儿做个记号。(这里where引导的从句不是定语从句)
注意：
在地点状语从句之前，不要使用介词。
【误】You should put the book at where it was.
【正】You should put the book where it was.
你应该把书放在原来的地方。
【误】We should go to where we are needed most.
【正】We should go where we are needed most.
我们应该到最需要我们的地方去。
B.wherever
wherevr在任何……地方，无论哪里
Wherever you go, you should do your work well.
不论到什么地方，都要把工作做好。
You may sit down wherever you like.
你爱坐哪儿就坐哪儿。
C.everywhere
Everywhere they went, they were kindly receivd.
他们每到一处都受到了友好的接待。
三、原因状语从句
原因状语从句是表示原因和理由的从句。引导原因状语从句的有as, becau, since, now (that), considering that, eing that等。
A．becau
becau因为
Becau I like it, I do it.
因为我喜欢，所以我才干。
He couldn'thave en me, becau I was not there.
他不可能见过我，因为当时我不在那儿。
比较：
becau 和for的区别。
1．for 是并列连词，只用于连接表示原因的分句，因此不能用于句首。becau表示原因
时，可位于句首。
【误】For he did not obey the rules, he was punished.
浓眉毛
【正】Becau he did not obey the rules, he was punished.
由于他不遵守规章制度，他受到了处。
2．for 表示的是推断解释，becau强调动作发生的直接原因。
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
昨晚肯定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。（不可用becau，因为地面湿不是天下雨的原因）
The day breaks, for the birds are singing.
天亮了，因为鸟在叫。（不可用becau，因为鸟叫不是天亮的原因）
He went to bed early, becau he was tired
由于他累了，所以他很早就上了床。（直接的理由）
He must be tired, for he went to bed early.
他肯定累了，因为他很早就上了床。（间接的推断）
3．在强调结构It iswas?that和关联词not?but 引导的原因状语从句中，宜用becau。
It's becau he helped you that I'm prepared to help him.
正是因为他帮助过你，所以我乐意去帮助他。
He decided to give up thechance of going abroad, not becau he did not want
to but becau his wife was ill.
河豚鱼的做法大全他决定放弃出国的机会，不是因为他不想去，而是因为他妻子病了。
B． since
since 因为，既然。引导的从句大多置于句首，主从句的时态一般相同。
Since you have no licence, you are not allowed to drive.
因为你没有驾驶执照，所以不允许你开车。何光暐
Since you are al here, let's try and reach a decision.
既然大家都来了，咱们就设法做出一个决定吧。
C．as
as 由于。一般多用于句首。
As she was ill, she didn't come to the party.
由于病了，她没来参加晚会。
As he was not well enough, I had to go without him.
由于他身体欠佳，我只好不带他去了。
As it rained, we all stayed at home.
由于下雨我们都呆在家里。
C． becau, since, as 的区别
1．becau语气最强，表达的是未知的新信息，一般置于主句之后，也可以放在主句之前，用逗号隔开。在回答why引导的特殊疑问句时，或在 强调结构It iswas ?that 和关联词not ?but 引导的原因状语从句中，要用becau。另外，becau还常和副词just, merely等连用。
2．since 往往表示的是已知的客观事实，或分析后的推理，引导的从句大多置于句首，主从句的时态一般相同。
3．as 表示的理由最弱，只是对主句的附带说明，重点在主句。as从句通常放在主句前。
Just becau he doesn't complain, you must not suppo that he is satisfied.
你不可只因他不抱怨就以为他满足了。
You shouldn't get angry only becau some people speak ill of you.
你不该仅仅因为有些人说了你的坏话就生气。
山西省招生考试Since you're not interested, Iwon't tell you about it.
既然你不感兴趣，那我就不告诉你了。
As you are unable to answer perhaps we should ask someone el.
因为你不能回答，也许我们该问一问别的人。
注意：
创新的作文becau等词不能与 so连用。
【误】Becau he was careless, so he failed in the exam.
【正】Becau he was careless, he failed in the exa.
由于他粗心，所以他考试不及格。
【正】He was careless, so he failed in the exam.
由于他粗心，所以他考试不及格。
E．now that
now that 既然，因为。that可以省略。
Now (that) dinner is ready, go and wash your hands.
落地签证怎么办理既然饭已好了，洗手去吧。
Now you mention it again, I do remember.
既然你又提起此事，我倒回想起来了。
F．conidering that, eing that
这两个词和since, now that意思相近，都有鉴于 事实，考虑到 的意思。
Seeing that quite a few people were abnt, we decided to put the meeting off.
由于好些人都没到会，我们决定延期开会。(eing 后面的that可以省略)
Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite good job.
考虑到他们才刚刚学做，他们干得算很不错的了。
G．not that ? but that ?
这一结构相当于汉语的不是因为 而是因为。
Not that I don't like the film, but that I have no time for it.
不是因我不喜欢看这部电影，而是因为我没有时间看。
四、目的状语从句
目的状语从句是表示行为目的的从句。引导目的状语从句的主要连词有that, so，so that, so?that, in order that等，从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如can, could, may, might, should等。A．that, so that，in order that表示为了，以便，一般放在主句之后。that语气较弱，用的较少，多用so that。Let's take the front ats that we may more clearly.
我们坐前排吧，这样我们可以看得更清楚些。
马丽珍Man does not live that he may eat, but eats that he may live.
人生存不是为了吃饭，而吃饭是为了生存。
They hurried so that they might not miss the train.
他们为了不误火车，才急急忙忙的。
In order that everyone prent might hear her clearly, she raid her voice again.
为了使在场的每个人都能听清楚，她再次提高了声音。
注意：当主从句的主语一致时，so that和in order that引导的目的状语从句可以转换成相对应的动词不定式结构。
