【英语】阅读理解记叙⽂知识点梳理及经典练习（超详细）经典
【英语】阅读理解记叙⽂知识点梳理及经典练习(超详细)经典
⼀、英语阅读理解记叙⽂（含答案详细解析）
1．阅读理解
Earlier this year, China achieved a new milestone （⾥程碑） in space rearch. On January 3, 2019, Chang'e-4 became the first lunar probe （⽉球探测器） in history to successfully land on the far side of the moon.
The Earth's gravity （重⼒） slows the moon's rotation （⾃转）, matching it to the speed of its orbit （公转）. Therefore, the far side of the moon is almost "dark" and has never been en. It's this n of the unknown that makes the far side of the moon such an interesting place for scientific and space rearch. Being blown by solar （太阳的） winds, the far side may have the special minerals （矿物质）. For this reason, Chang'e-4 will study the effect of solar winds on the lunar surface and any mineral found by the spacecraft. Chang'e-4 is also carrying flower eds, potatoes and silkworm eggs t
o e whether life is possible on the moon. If it is, then the moon will become a possible choice for space travel in the future.
However, rearch of the "dark" side isn't easy. As the far side is blocked（阻断） off from us, radio noi coming off Earth is also blocked. This is why China's relay satellite （中继卫星）Queqiao was nt up in May, 2018. Thanks to Queqiao, the communication problem between Earth and Chang'e-4 has been well solved.
Power supply （电源供应） is also a challenge to the task. Chang'e-4 gets energy from the sun through its solar panels. As we know, a lunar day has the length （长度） of 28 Earth days. After Chang'e-4 was nt up on December 8, 2018, it took the probe over 20 days to orbit the moon to be in a position to be able to land in moon daylight and u its solar panels. Luckily, everything goes well, Chang'e-4 has worked on the "dark" side for over 5 months. It has nt back many photos of the far side of the moon and has been ud to carry out some scientific experiments.
The New York Times ud the word "groundbreaking" to prai the task and wrote that "it will offer help to the history and development of the moon".
（1）When was Chang'e-4 nt up?
A. In May, 2018.
B. On December 8, 2018.
C. On January 3, 2019.
D. The passage doesn't tell us.
（2）The main tasks of Chang'e-4 don't include _______________________.
A. studying if life is possible on the moon
B. studying the effect of solar winds on the lunar surface
C. solving the communication problem between Earth and other probes
D. rearching any mineral found by the spacecraft
（3）The meaning of the underlined word "groundbreaking" in the last paragraph is the clost to "________________".
A. harmful
B. unpredictable
C. risky脖子上长癣
D. pioneering
英文写信的格式范文
（4）According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Chang'e-4 has nt back many photos of the far side of the moon.
B. A lunar day has the length of 28 Earth days.
C. China's relay satellite Queqiao was nt up in order to offer power supply to probes.
D. Chang'e-4 is the first lunar probe in history that has successfully landed on the "dark" side of the moon.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】⽂章⼤意：⽂章介绍了中国的嫦娥四号⽉球探测器，为我们讲述了嫦娥四号升空时间，什么时候在⽉球背⾯着陆，如何跟地球进⾏通讯联系等等。
（1）细节理解题，根据After Chang'e-4 was nt up on December 8，可知，嫦娥四号是在2018年12⽉8号发射升空的，故答案是B。
（2）细节理解题，根据For this reason, Chang'e-4 will study the effect of solar winds on the lunar surface and any mineral found by the spacecraft. Chang'e-4 is also carrying flower eds, potatoes and silkworm eggs to e whether life is possible on the moon.可知，嫦娥四号的⼈物包括研究⽉球表⾯的太阳风的影响，寻找矿物质，携带花种、⼟⾖和蚕卵看，他们是否恩能够在⽉球成活，不包括解决地球与⽉球的通讯问题，故答案是C。（3）细节理解题，groundbreaking的⼀是是开创性
的，A.有伤害的；B.难以预料的；C.冒险的，D先锋，故答案是D。
（4）正误判断题，根据Thanks to Queqiao, the communication problem betweenEarth and Chang'e-4 has been well solved.可知鹊桥中继卫星的发射是微利解决通讯问题，故答案是C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本⽂涉及到了细节理解题和正误判断题，细节理解题⼀般可知直接在⽂中找
到答案，正误判断题也是细节理解题的⼀种，也是基于短⽂内容进⾏判断的。
2．阅读理解
Chine Farmers' Harvest （收获，收割） Festival is the first festival in China for farmers. The festival starting from 2018, falls on the Autumnal Equinox （秋分）each year. The Autumnal Equinox is one of the 24 solar terms（节⽓）of the Chine lunar calendar and usually falls between September 22nd and 24th, during the country's harvest ason.
As we all know, China has the largest population all over the world. It was difficult to feed the largest population in the past. After reform and opening （改⾰开放）, with the development of modern agriculture （农业）, people's life is getting better and better, and their living conditions have improved a lot. Chine Farmers' Harvest Festival shows that our government is paying more attention to agriculture and farmers' life. It will greatly encourage farmers to farm and develop further modem agriculture. China has a long history of agriculture. Chine Farmers' Harvest Festival, the cultural symbol, helps to show China's long farming culture to the world. It also connects the excellent traditional Chine culture to modem civilization （⽂明）and improves the cultural lf-co
nfidence and national pride.
Since the festival is especially created for farmers, they are encouraged to think of their own ways to celebrate harvest. Some activities are held across the country, but most of the celebrations will take place at a local level that comes from local customs. Also, local government usually hosts all kinds of activities for the festival, such as folk culture performances, food tasting and so on.
Some people think the festival is the happiest time of a year, even better than the Spring Festival, becau food gives people a n of safety and hope. For other people, the harvest festival is a time to look back at the past and look forward to the future.
（1）We probably celebrate the Chine Farmers' Harvest Festival on ______________. A. September 20th B. September 23rd C. September 25th D. October 1st （2）The main purpos that Chine Farmers' Harvest Festival was created don't include _______.
施比受A. showing the long history of farming culture of China
B. improving Chine cultural lf-confidence and national pride
C. encouraging Chine farmers to give up local customs
D. connecting the traditional Chine culture to modem civilization
（3）We can learn from the third paragraph that ______________________.
A. the celebrations will be differently bad on local customs
B. western countries also celebrate the Fanners' Harvest Festival
C. the Farmers' Harvest Festival is one of the Chine traditional festivals
D. The Farmers' Harvest Festival is created for both farmers and workers
（4）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The Farmers' Harvest Festival falls on different days in different areas in China.
B. The Farmers' Harvest Festival is the best time to harvest crops（庄稼）in the world.
C. The Farmers' Harvest Festival has been celebrated twice in our country so far.
D. China's modem agriculture has greatly developed becau of reform and opening.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】⽂章⼤意：短⽂介绍了中国的⾸届中国农民丰收节。节⽇定语中国的⼆⼗四解⽓的秋分，这个节⽇是为农民创建的，⿎励他们⽤⾃⼰的⽅式庆祝收获。有农民认为这个节⽇是他们⼀年中最快乐的时候。
（1）细节理解题，根据he Autumnal Equinox is one of the 24 solar terms（节⽓） of the Chine lunar calendar and usually falls between September 22nd and 24th，可知，秋分在⽉22⽇-24⽇的某⼀天，所以庆祝丰收节应该在这个事件范围内。故答案是B。
元宵是怎么做的（2）细节理解题，根据Some activities are held across the country, but most of the celebrations will take place at a local level that comes from local customs. Also, local government usually hosts all kinds of activities for the festival, such as folk culture performances, food tasting and so on.可知C的陈述绝对错误，故答案是C。
（3）细节理解题，根据but most of the celebrations will take place at a local level that comes from local customs.可知，庆祝活动应基于当地的风⼟⼈情，故答案是A。
（4）正误判断题，根据After reform and opening （改⾰开放）, with the development of modern agriculture （农业）, people's life is getting better and better, and their living conditions have improved a lot. Chine Farmers' Harvest Festival shows that our可知，因为改⾰开放，中国的现代农业取得了很⼤的成就，故答案是D。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本⽂涉及到了细节理解题和正误判断题，细节理解题⼀般可知直接在⽂中找到答案，正误判断题也是细节理解题的⼀种，也是基于短⽂内容进⾏判断的。
3．阅读下列短⽂，从每题所给的⼏个选项中，选出最佳选项。
When he was nine years old, American boy Milo Cress had a question: How many plastic straws （吸管） do Americans u every day?
He quickly learned there wasn't a simple answer. The boy tried to work it out himlf. Through lots of rearch, Cress found out that Americans u about 500 million straws every day. In hopes of reducing plastic waste, he founded the Be Straw Free project in 2011.
Cress started the project in his hometown – Burlington, Vermont. He asked a local restaurant to stop offering straws with every drink order. It was a simple change. However, it would save money. And by doing that, the restaurant would cut down on its straw u by 50 percent.
查流量
For the years that followed, Cress tried to spread his project across the United States. More and more restaurants agreed to join. They stop providing the customer with a straw unless he or she asks for one. Last April, Seattle became the first
American city to completely ban （禁⽌）plastic straws.
Plastic pollution has been one of the most rious problems today. According to scientists, more than eight million tons of plastic end up in the ocean each year. Plastic straws are especially terrible. They make it easy for people to get comfortable with single-u plastics.
After his project became popular, Cress took his findings on the road. He has since spoken to tens of thousands of students around the world. He wants to encourage more people to say no to plastic straws.
"Focusing（聚焦） on straws is one simple step we all could take," Cress says. "And it makes me feel that I, as a kid, could make a difference, too."
（1）When did Milo Cress start to care about the problem of straws?
A. Ten years ago.
蓝藻细胞
B. In the year 2011.
C. In the year that he was 9.
（2）Cress started the Be Straw Free project in order to .
开平方法A. get a good score in science at his school
B. encourage people to reduce plastic waste
聚餐照片C. become a famous person in his hometown
（3）What did Cress ask a restaurant in Burlington to do?
A. Stop offering straws to its customers.
B. Prevent people from using straws to drink.
C. Count the number of straws it us every day.
（4）Plastic straws are especially terrible becau .
A. they are the most rious problem today
B. scientists pay little attention to their influence
C. they help people get ud to using single-u plastics
（5）Over the years, Cress has .
① spread his project acr oss the United States
② asked Seattle to completely ban plastic bags
③ counted the plastic straws in the ocean every year
④ spoken to teens around the world about plastic waste
A. ①③
B. ②③
C. ①④
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
（5）C
【解析】【分析】本⽂介绍了塑料垃圾对环保的危害，Cress⽤环保吸管替代塑料吸管。（1）细节题。根据 When he was nine years old, American boy Milo Cress had a question: How many plastic straws（吸管） do Americans u every day 可知9岁的时候，⽶洛·克⾥斯开始关⼼吸管的问题了，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据 In hopes of reducing plastic waste, he founded the Be Straw Free project in 2011. 可知为了⿎励减少塑料垃圾，他在2011年创建了⽆稻草项⽬，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据He asked a local restaurant to stop offering straws with every drink
order ，可知他要求当地⼀家餐馆停⽌为每⼀份饮料订单提供吸管，故选A。
（4）细节题。根据 Plastic straws are especially terrible. They make it easy for people to get comfortable with single-u plastics. 可知塑料吸管尤其可怕。它们让⼈们更容易适应⼀次性塑料制品，故选C。
（5）细节题。根据 Cress tried to spread his project across the United States 和 He has since spoken to tens of thousands of students around the world 可知这些年来，克雷斯把他的项⽬推⼴到了美国，并向全世界的青少年讲述了塑料废料的问题，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本⽂涉及细节题，细节题要注意从⽂中寻找答案。
4．阅读下列材料，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
A young woman traveled and stayed in a hotel. All the rooms in the hotel were singles（单⼈间）. So she lived in a single room.
Just when she was going to bed, there was a knock at the door. She had no friends in the city. So she was quite surprid but still opened the door.
The man who was standing at the door looked a little nervous. "Oh! I'm sorry. I thought this was my room," the man said and walked away in a hurry.
The woman called the police at once. Soon, the man was caught. He was a thief（⼩偷）! But how did the woman know that?
All the rooms in the hotel were singles. Who would knock at his own door if he was staying alone? Only a thief would do this. He wanted to e if anyone was inside before he broke into the room.
（1）A young woman traveled and stayed ____.
A. in a hotel
B. in a police office
C. in a park
D. in her friend's home
（2）The man looked a little ____ when the woman opened the door.
A. happy
B. nervous
C. mad
D. relaxed
（3）The man knocked at the door to ____.
A. find his friend in the city
B. stay alone
C. e if anyone was inside
D. call the police
【答案】（1）A
