英国文学问答题
Chapter I Renaissance Period
1.What are the common characteristics shared by the characters created by Marlowe? In what way is Marlowe a humanist writer? (p。21)
马桥小学Marlowe reveals man’s pursue of happiness, knowledge and power。 In this way， Marlowe a humanist writer
2.What kind of character is Faustus？
Dr。 Faustus is the hero created by Marlowe。 He is one of the Renaissance heroes in Marlowe’s plays. He is individualistic and full of ambition, facing bravely the challenge from God. He shows Marlow’s humanistic idea of human dignity and capacity. In portraying Faustus, an introspective and philosophical figure, Marlowe prais his soaring aspiration of knowledge while warning against the sin of pride since Faustus's downfall was caud by his despair in God and trust in Devil.
3.Plea analyze briefly Hamlet’s character features。 What devices does Shakespeare u to depict this sophisticated character？ (P。 34)
4.What are the common characteristics shared by Shakespeare's four tragedies？ （ P.33)
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5.Give a brief analysis of Hamlet， the titular character in Shakespeare’s play， Hamlet。 (P. 34）
僵硬的近义词6.William Shakespeare is one of the most remarkable playwrights and poets the world has ever known. Briefly discuss his artistic achievements in characterization. 长生不老打一植物
His major characters are neither merely individual ones nor type ones： they are individuals reprenting certain types。 Each character has his or her own personalities； meanwhile, they may share features with others.
7。 William Shakespeare is one of the most remarkable playwrights the world has ever known.
(1) Name his four greatest tragedies。
(2） What are the characteristics of the four tragedies in common？
(3) Briefly summarize each hero' s weakness of nature。
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A. Shakespeare's four greatest tragedies are: Hamlet， Othello， King Lear，and Macbeth。
B。 Each portrays somke noble hero， who faces the injustice of human life and is caught in a difficult situation and who fate is cloly connected with the fate of the whole nation。
C. Each hero has his weakness of nature： Hamlet, the melancholic scholar； Othello’ s inner weakness is made u of by the outside evil force； the old king Lear who is unwilling to totally give up his power; and Macbeth’ s lust for power stirs up his ambition and leads him to incessant crimes.
8。 "For herein Fortune shows herlf more kind
Than in her custom; it is still her u
To let the wretched man outlive his wealth，
To view with hollow eye and wrinkled brow
An age of poverty； from which ling’ring penance
Of such miry doth she cut me off."
The above lines are taken from a speech made by Antonio， a major character in Shakespeare’s play The Merchant of Venice。 Why does Antonio say that Fortune is more kind to him than in her custom？
This ntence means she， Lady Fortune， is more kind to him becau she is taking away both his wealth and life。 The speaker is Antonio， it’s said that his ship have all been lost, and he is penniless， and will have to pay the pound of flesh。 （Becau Shylock has made a strange bond that requires Antonio to pay him a pound of flesh if he can’t repay him, the money that he borrowed for his friend in due time.) （P38）
9.What are the themes expresd through the play The Merchant of Venice? （p。32)
10. William Shakespeare is one of the most remarkable playwrights the world has ever known。
( 1） Name his four greatest tragedies.
(2) What are the characteristics of the four tragedies in common？
(3) Briefly summarize each hero' s weakness of nature.
A. Shakespeare’s four greatest tragedies are： Hamlet， Othello, King Lear,and Macbeth。
辫子发型图片B. Each portrays somke noble hero, who faces the injustice of human life and is caught in a difficult situation and who fate is cloly connected with the fate of the whole nation。小菜的做法大全
科举博物馆C。 Each hero has his weakness of nature： Hamlet, the melancholic scholar; Othello' s inner weak¬ness is made u of by the outside evil force； the old king Lear who is unwilling to totally give up his power； and Macbeth’ s lust for power stirs up his ambition and leads him to incessant crimes。
11. List three distinctive features of English Renaissance movement in literature and then illustrate each with proofs from either the concerned chapter in your textbook or your own reading.
1) The first period of the English Renaissance was one of imitation and assimilation。 P
etrarch was regarded as the fountainhead of literature by the English writers。 Wyatt introduced the Petrachan sonnet into England and Surrey brought in blank ver.
2） The Elizabethan drama， in its totality, is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance. The Greek and Roman Drams had a great influence on the Elizabeth Drama, especially on Shakespeare’s tragedies。 E.g. Hamlet, the first of the great tragedies， is regarded as Shakespeare’s most popular play on the stage。
3) Francis Bacon, the first important English essayist， is best known for his essays which greatly influenced the development of his literary form。 He was the founder of modern science in England。 （P10---12）
12。 Novum Organum， along with other works， won the author the honor ”Father of modern science."
What is the name of the author？
What is the main concern of this work？
Why is the work so important for the development of modern science？
Answers:
A。 Francis Bacon. ”Novum Organum" is a treati on methodology.
B。 The argument is for the u of inductive method of reasoning in scientific study。
C. Bacon expounds the four great fal conceivings that bet men's mind and prevent them from eking the truth.
D. He advocates the inductive reasoning in place of the deductive reasoning。
E. By putting forward this theory, Bacon shows the new empirical attitudes toward truth about nature。
F. He bravely challenges the medieval scholasticists。
13. 。 What are the characteristics of “ Metaphysical poetry”? (P。63)
