前缀 | 后缀 | 前后缀 |
anti-war postwar pan-African co-exist | Marxist movement careless carelessness | unlucky co-existence inappropriateness pre-liberation |
in- | im- | il- | ir- |
inactive incoherent inexperienced incure | immature immortal imperfect impractical | illegal illogical illegible illegitimate | irrational irregular irrelevant irresponsible |
un- | non- | in- | dis- |
unfair unhappy | nonsmoker nonviolent | inedible 变色眼镜片inexact | disloyal discontent |
un- | de- | dis- | counter- |
unkind uncover | decrea deduct | discover discourage | counterattack counteract |
mis- | mal- | pudo- |
misjudge misdirect | maltreat malpractice | pudoscientific |
pro- | anti- |
pro-Chine pro-American | antiwar antisocial |
arch- | super- | ultra- | mi- |
archbishop arch fascist | supermarket super luxury | ultra leftist ultra如何缓解头晕conrvative | micircle miskilled mi steel |
over- | under- | mini- | |
overcurious overeat overdresd | underdeveloped undercook underfeed | minibus minicab miniskirt | |
pre- | fore- | post- |
preschool prewar | foretell forewarn | postwar postgraduate |
sub- | inter- | trans- |
subway submarine | international interdependent | transatlantic transporter |
be- | en- | em- | a- |
benumb befriend | enslave enable | embody empower | asleep ablaze |
-ation | -ment | -al | -ee | -er | -age |
exploration simplification | arrangement movement | refusal proposal | trainee employee | worker teacher | drainage cover机械电子工程专业age |
-ness | -ity | -ism | 我的世界怎么开死亡不掉落 -ist |
happiness meanness | diversity acceptability | nationalism fanaticism | loyalist racialist |
-ify | -ize | -en |
beautify simplify | modernize hospitalize | quicken widen |
-y | -ish | -esque | -some | -ous |
hairy sandy | foolish Turkish | picturesque | burdensome troublesome | poisonous humorous |
前缀 | 功能和意义 | 例词 |
a- | 构成形容词、副词 | asleep睡着的, abroad在国外, alone |
dis- | 否定 | disappear, discourage, disappoint |
en- | 使可能 | encourage, enable使成为可能 |
in- (il-, im-, ir-) | 不、非 | invisible看不见的, illegal非法的, impossible, irregular不规则的 |
inter- | 相互、之间 | international, inter-school校际的 |
mis- | 误 | mistake, misunderstand误会 |
re- | 重复、再 | return, reunite, remarry再婚 |
tele- | 远程 | telephone, telegraph, telescope望远镜 |
un- | 不 | unfit, unfair, unknown |
non- | 不、非 | non-conductor非导体, non-payment不支付 |
后缀 | 例词 | ||
名词 | -er | 者 | foreigner swimmer traveler |
-e | 地方的人 | Chine Japane | |
-ian | 精通…的人, …地方的人 | musician technician Russian | |
-ist | 专业人员 | artist pianist physicist | |
-ment | 性质,状态 | government movement development | |
-ness | 性质状态 | business illness darkness | |
-or | 器具,…者 | cooker tractor visitor professor | |
-tion | 表示动作,堆心菊过程,结果 | pollution suggestion invention | |
形容词 | -al | practical educational national | |
-an | American Italian Australian | ||
-ern | southern northern eastern | ||
-ful | 表示具有 | helpful uful careful | |
-ble | …的性质,或 | reasonable horrible terrible | |
-ish | 与……有关 | foolish British English | |
-ive | active native expensive | ||
-y | rainy sleepy healthy | ||
-less | careless uless | ||
动词 | -fy | 使……化 | simplify electrify terrify |
-ize | 使……成为 | realize apologize organize | |
副词 | -ly | 表示方式, 程度 | freely badly perfectly truly angrily |
-ward(s) | 表示方向 | towards forward outward | |
数词 | -teen | 十 | fourteen eighteen |
-ty | 整十位数 | forty fifty | |
-th | 序数词 | twelfth twentieth | |
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