I．常见前缀
1． com-/con-/co-/cor-/col- = together
含义：在一起——相同——动化
说明：基本意义是“在一起”，因物以类聚，故有时引申为“相同”，此二者为最多。如在形容词前，一般使其变为动词，自己没有什么意义。总而言之，这是一个充满阳刚之气的构件，它是团结的、向心的、有力度的。
范例：convention conference congress
com bat
con flict
com bine
con duct or com memorate com pile
斯大林的儿子
com po
剪纸福字co education co exist
co habitation
co operate
col laborate
co here
co ordinate
col lide
con centrate
con clude
con front
con junction
con sist
con sistent
con vene
con test
com pete
com pel com pulsory com press
*com rade con temporary co incide
con nt
col league
江南水乡国画
con form
*con firm con den
2． de- = down, downward
含义：向下——向消极方向
说明：基本意义是“向下”，表示运动的方向。跟汉语“走下坡路”、“江河日下”所表示出来的一样，它也意味着向消极的方向转化，可以是衰败，是郁闷，是欺骗，是萧条，是腐化——是所有消极的东西。
范例：decrea, descend, decline; depression
describe depict debate
depression decadence decapitate decay
deflower
destruction
devastate
deceive
defect
deflate
deduce
degrade
demote
derive
despi
defrost deform
3． dis/di = apart, away
含义：否定——分开——不同房陵县
说明：表示否定，也可表示“分开”，自然引申出“不同”，所以它是一个离心性的前缀，与象征力量与团结的”con-“形成鲜明的对比。
范例：disable, disadvantage; discard; differ
disable disadvantage disagree disapprove disband disbelieve
discontinue
discourage
disintegrate
dishearten
discord
disfavor
disincline
disregard
discard dispo discrete disrupt dismiss disper
diffu
dispute
distract
distribute
diverge
differ
divert
differ distinct distinctive
distinguish
discern
discriminate
4. en-/em- = in/into, make/give
含义：在里面/到里面——使动或给予使用等
范例：enroll, enlist; enlarge, enrich; encourage, enlighten
enact encounter enhance enlarge
enrich
黄河资料lengthen
strengthen
encourage enforce enlighten entitle
enca enclo engage
enlist
enroll
environment
embark embarrass
5. ex-/e- = out(of)
含义：向外（出去）——超过出——范围扩展——发生——完全
说明：相当于“out”, 但此词多才多艺，表示相当丰富的意义。首先当然是“出去”或“向外”，引申出“超过”、“超出”。它还可用于事物发展的全过程。“破土而出”，可指事物“发生”；向外发展，可指范围扩大；出局即结束，故可指“完毕”、“结束”。范例：export; exceed; extend; erupt; exhaust
example except exchange exclude execute exhibit expel exit expect
explain
explicit
expo
exterior
external
extort
*extrinsic
educate
eject
elaborate
elect
eliminate
evident
event eruption evoke exceed excel
exaggerate expand
exhaust expire extinguish exterminate/eliminate
6. in-/im- = in, into, on
含义：在里面/到里（上）面
说明：望文生义即可，大致相当于单词“in”范例：inborn/innate, inct
inborn incident incline income indoor induce indulge infect
inflame
influence
infu
inject
inlet
innate
inquire
inscribe
inct
inrt
insight
inspect
intake
intricate intuition invade
investigate
involve
immigrate imply import
impo
imprison
(intra-/intro- = within, inward (与extra-相反) )
*intra-school *intravenous introduce
introspect
introvert
7. in-/im-/ir-/ig- = negative = not
含义：否定
说明：意思单一，形式随着主词首字母的变化而多种多样。范例：inaudible, impossible, illegal, ignoble, irrational
inaccessible inadequate inaudible incomparable
inconsistent
inequality
infamous
ignoble ignorant
illegal *illicit illiterate illogical
immature i mmortal impartial
irrational irregular irrelevant irremediable
irreligious
irresistible
irresponsible
8．inter-/enter-/intel- = between, among
含义：在/到……之间
说明：两者之间，引申出“相互”、“干扰”、“拦截”、“过渡”等意。范例：international, interrupt纳达尔吧
intercept interchange interfere
interim
international
interplay
interpret interrupt intervene
9．over- = above, across, beyond五年级期末试卷
含义：在……之上/外——超过/过度——跨越
说明：“在……之上/外”，静态的引申为超过，超过所需的即为过度，动态的引申为“跨越”、“克服”等。
范例：overcoat, overdo, overcome
overcoat overwhelm overlook
overburden overcrowded overdo
overestimate
overeat
overflow
overcome overnight overas
海上日出10．per- = through, thoroughly, away
含义：完全——透过/永远
说明：根本意义为“完全”、“彻底”。空间上往往带有“穿透”的意思；时间上是“从头至尾”“永远”；程度上则是“完全”。
范例：perspective, perverance, perfect
permanent perpetual persist
pervere
*perennial
permeate pervade perspective perspiration
perceive perfect perplex
11．pre- = before
含义：在……之前
说明：意义集中，由基本意义可引申出“占优势“或”盛行“之类的意思。范例：president, predict
precaution precede preclude predecessor predict
preface
prefer
pregnant
prefabricate
prehistoric
prejudice
preliminary
