The TCLP,or Toxicity Characteristic Leaching(not Leachate)Procedure is designed to determine the mobility of both organic and inorganic analytes prent in liquid,solid, and multiphasic wastes.This is usually ud to determine if a waste may meet the definition of EP Toxicity,that is,carrying a hazardous waste code under RCRA(40 CFR Part261)of D004through D052.As it is the generator's responsibility to make this determination,but generators often contract outside labs to perform the TCLP test, the questions and answers may be helpful to generators.For this reason and sometimes in cleanup actions,business are often asked to perform an analysis on their waste using the TCLP.The Code of Federal Regulations(CFR)
40CFR§261.24,outlines the40contaminants the TCLP analysis tests for(See Table 1—Maximum Concentration of Contaminants for Toxicity Characteristic).I f a“S o l i d Wa s t e”f a i l s t h e t e s t f o r one or more of the compounds,the waste is considered to be a characteristic hazardous waste–unless there is an exemption that applies.Bear in mind,too,that a characteristic waste may still also be a“l i s t e d”h a z a r d o u s w a s t e. The procedure follows below.For more general information,FAQs and guidances, e /
1.0SCOPE AND APPLICATION
1.1The TCLP is designed to determine the mobility of both organic
and inorganic analytes prent in liquid,solid,and
multiphasic wastes.
1.2If a total analysis of the waste demonstrates that individual
analytes are not prent in the waste,or that they are prent
but at such low concentrations that the appropriate regulatory
levels could not possibly be exceeded,the TCLP need not be
run.
1.3If an analysis of any one of the liquid fractions of the TCLP
extract indicates that a regulated compound is prent at such
high concentrations that,even after accounting for dilution
from the other fractions of the extract,the concentration would
be above the regulatory level for that compound,then the waste
is hazardous and it is not necessary to analyze the remaining
fractions of the extract.
1.4If an analysis of extract obtained using a bottle extractor
shows that the concentration of any regulated volatile analyte
exceeds the regulatory level for that compound,then the waste
is hazardous and extraction using the ZHE is not necessary.
However,extract from a bottle extractor cannot be ud to
demonstrate that the concentration of volatile compounds is
below the regulatory level.
2.0SUMMARY OF METHOD
2.1For liquid ,tho containing less than0.5%dry
solid material),after filtration through a0.6to Page1of38TCLP;Method1311-1Revision0July1992
0.8µm glass fiber filter,is defined as the TCLP extract.
2.2For wastes containing greater than or equal to0.5%solids,the
liquid,if any,is parated from the solid pha and stored for
later analysis;the particle size of the solid pha is reduced,
if necessary.The solid pha is extracted with an amount of
extraction fluid equal to20times the weight of the solid pha.
The extraction fluid employed is a function of the alkalinity of
the solid pha of the waste.A special extractor vesl is ud
when testing for volatile analytes(e Table1for a list of
volatile compounds).Following extraction,the liquid extract is
parated from the solid pha by filtration through a0.6to0.8
µm glass fiber filter.
2.3If ,multiple phas will not form on
combination),the liquid pha of the waste is added to
儿童爱国歌曲the liquid extract,and the are analyzed together.If
incompatible,the liquids are analyzed parately and the results
are mathematically combined to yield a volume-weighted average
concentration.
3.0INTERFERENCES
3.1Potential interferences that may be encountered during analysis
are discusd in the individual analytical methods.
4.0APPARATUS AND MATERIALS
4.1Agitation apparatus:The agitation apparatus must be capable of
rotating the extraction vesl in an end-over-end fashion(e
Figure1)at30+2rpm.Suitable devices known to EPA are
identified in Table 2.
4.2Extraction Vesls
4.2.1Zero-Headspace Extraction Vesl(ZHE).This device is
for u only when the waste is being tested for the
mobility of volatile ,tho listed in
Table1).The ZHE(depicted in Figure2)allows for
liquid/solid paration within the device,and
effectively precludes headspace.This type of vesl
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allows for initial liquid/solid paration,extraction,
and final extract filtration without opening the vesl
(e Section 4.3.1).The vesls shall have an internal
volume of500-600mL,and be equipped to accommodate a90-
110mm filter.The devices contain VITON O-rings which
should be replaced frequently.Suitable ZHE devices
known to EPA are identified in Table 3.
For the ZHE to be acceptable for u,the piston within
the ZHE should be able to be moved with approximately15
psi or less.If it takes more pressure to move the
喝什么茶可以减肥piston,the O-rings in the device should be replaced.If Page2of38TCLP;Method1311-2Revision0July1992
this does not solve the problem,the ZHE is unacceptable
好看的古装电视剧for TCLP analys and the manufacturer should be
contacted.
白居易号什么The ZHE should be checked for leaks after every
extraction.If the device contains a built-in pressure
gauge,pressurize the device to50psi,allow it to stand
unattended for1hour,and recheck the pressure.If the
device does not have a built-in pressure gauge,
pressurize the device to50psi,submerge it in water,
and check for the prence of air bubbles escaping from
any of the fittings.If pressure is lost,check all
fittings and inspect and replace O-rings,if necessary.
Retest the device.If leakage problems cannot be solved,美丽的祖国
the manufacturer should be contacted.
Some ZHEs u gas pressure to actuate the ZHE piston,
while others u mechanical pressure(e Table3).
Whereas the volatiles procedure(e Section7.3)refers
to pounds per square inch(psi),for the mechanically
actuated piston,the pressure applied is measured in
torque-inch-pounds.Refer to the manufacturer's
instructions as to the proper conversion.1®
VITON is a trademark of Du Pont.CD-ROM1311-2
4.2.2Bottle Extraction Vesl.When the waste is being
evaluated using the nonvolatile extraction,a jar with
sufficient capacity to hold the sample and the extraction
fluid is needed.Headspace is allowed in this vesl.
The extraction bottles may be constructed from various
materials,depending on the analytes to be analyzed and
the nature of the waste(e Section 4.3.3).It is
recommended that borosilicate glass bottles be ud
instead of other types of glass,especially when
inorganics are of concern.Plastic bottles,other than
polytetrafluoroethylene,shall not be ud if organics
are to be investigated.Bottles are available from a
number of laboratory suppliers.When this type of
extraction vesl is ud,the filtration device
discusd in Section 4.3.2is ud for initial
项目目标怎么写liquid/solid paration and final extract filtration.
4.3Filtration Devices:It is recommended that all filtrations be
performed in a hood.
4.3.1Zero-Headspace Extractor Vesl(ZHE):When the waste is
evaluated for volatiles,the zero-headspace extraction
vesl described in Section 4.2.1is ud for filtration.
The device shall be capable of supporting and keeping in
place the glass fiber filter and be able to withstand
the pressure needed to accomplish paration(50psi).
NOTE:When it is suspected that the glass fiber filter Page3of38TCLP;Method1311-3Revision0July1992
has been ruptured,an in-line glass fiber filter
may be ud to filter the material within the ZHE.
4.3.2Filter Holder:When the waste is evaluated for other
than volatile analytes,any filter holder capable of
supporting a glass fiber filter and able to withstand
the pressure needed to accomplish paration may be
ud.Suitable filter holders range from simple vacuum
units to relatively complex systems capable of exerting
pressures of up to50psi or more.The type of filter
holder ud depends on the properties of the material to
be filtered(e Section 4.3.3).The devices shall
have a minimum internal volume of300mL and be equipped
to accommodate a minimum filter size of47mm(filter
holders having an internal capacity of 1.5L or greater,
and equipped to accommodate a142mm diameter filter,
are recommended).Vacuum filtration can only be ud
for wastes with low solids content(<10%)and for highly
granular,liquid-containing wastes.All other types of
wastes should be filtered using positive pressure
filtration.Suitable filter holders known to EPA are
shown in Table 4.
4.3.3Materials of Construction:Extraction vesls and
filtration devices shall be made of inert materials
which will not leach or absorb waste components.Glass,
polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE),or type316stainless
steel equipment may be ud when evaluating the
mobility of both organic and inorganic components.
Devices made of high density polyethylene(HDPE),
polypropylene(PP),or polyvinyl chloride(PVC)may be
ud only when evaluating the mobility of metals.
Borosili-cate glass bottles are recommended for u
over other types of glass bottles,especially when
inorganics are analytes of concern.
4.4Filters:Filters shall be made of borosilicate glass fiber,
shall contain no binder materials,and shall have an
effective pore size of0.6to0.8µm,or equivalent.Filters
known to EPA which meet the specifications are identified in
Table 5.Pre-filters must not be ud.When evaluating the
mobility of metals,filters shall be acid-washed prior to u
by rinsing with1N nitric acid followed by three concutive
rins with deionized distilled water(a minimum of1L per
rin is recommended).Glass fiber filters are fragile and
should be handled with care.
4.5pH Meters:The meter should be accurate to+0.05units at25
E C.
®2
4.6ZHE Extract Collection Devices:TEDLAR bags or glass,
stainless steel or PTFE gas-tight syringes are ud to collect Page4of38TCLP;Method1311-4Revision0July1992
the initial liquid pha and the final extract of the waste when
using the ZHE device.The devices listed are recommended for
u under the following conditions:
4.6.1If a waste contains an aqueous liquid pha or if a
waste does not contain a significant amount of
nonaqueous ,<1%of total waste),the
TEDLAR bag or a should be ud to
collect and combine the initial liquid and solid
extract.
4.6.2If a waste contains a significant amount of威海科技馆
nonaqueous liquid in the initial liquid ,
>1%of total waste),the syringe or the TEDLAR
be ud for both the initial solid/liquid paration
and the final extract filtration.However,analysts
should u one or the other,not both.
4.6.3If the waste contains no initial liquid pha(is
100%solid)or has no significant solid pha(is
100%liquid),either the TEDLAR bag or the syringe
may be ud.If the syringe is ud,discard the
first5mL of liquid expresd from the device.The
remaining aliquots are ud for analysis.
4.7ZHE Extraction Fluid Transfer Devices:Any device capable of
transferring the extraction fluid into the ZHE without changing
the nature of the extraction fluid is ,a
positive displacement or peristaltic pump,a gas tight syringe,
pressure filtration unit(e Section 4.3.2),or other ZHE
device).
4.8Laboratory Balance:Any laboratory balance accurate to within+
0.01grams may be ud(all weight measurements are to be within
+0.1grams).
4.9Beaker or Erlenmeyer flask,glass,500mL.2®
TEDLAR is a registered trademark of Du Pont.
4.10Watchglass,appropriate diameter to cover beaker or Erlenmeyer
flask.
4.11Magnetic stirrer.
5Reagents
5.1Reagent grade chemicals shall be ud in all tests.Unless
otherwi indicated,it is intended that all reagents shall
conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical
Reagents of the American Chemical Society,where such
specifications are available.Other grades may be ud,
provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of Page5of38TCLP;Method1311-5Revision0July1992
