体裁：说明文 题材：科普知识
词数：325 难度：中 建议用时： 7分钟
Passage9（2017•新课标Ⅰ）
A build﹣it﹣yourlf solar still（蒸馏器） is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available．Developed by two doctors in the U．S．Department of Agriculture，it's an excellent water collector．Unfortunately，you must carry the necessary equipment with you，since it's all but impossible to find natural substitutes．The only components required，though，are a 5'×5'sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic，six feet of plastic tube，and a container﹣perhaps just a drinking cup﹣to catch the water．The pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt．
To construct a working still，u a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep．Try to make the hole in a damp area to increa the water catcher's productivity．Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole．Then lay the tube in place so t
hat one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up﹣and out﹣the side of the hole．
Next，cover the hole with the plastic sheet，curing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet's center down with a rock．The plastic should now form a cone（圆锥体） with 45﹣degree﹣angled sides．The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over，and no more than three inches above，the cup．
The solar still works by creating a greenhou under the plastic．Ground water evaporates （蒸发） and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form，run down the material，and fall off into the cup．When the container is full，you can suck the refreshment out through the tube，and won't have to break down the still every time you need a drink．
1．What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph？
A．It's delicate．
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B．It's expensive．
C．It's complex．
D．It's portable．
2．What does the underlined phra "the water catcher" in paragraph 2 refer to？
A．The tube．
B．The still．
C．The hole．
D．The cup．
3．What's the last step of constructing a working solar still？
A．Dig a hole of a certain size．
B．Put the cup in place．
C．Weight the sheet's center down．
D．Cover the hole with the plastic sheet．
稻谷简笔画4．When a solar still works，drops of water come into the cup from
A．the plastic tube
B．outside the hole
C．the open air
D．beneath the sheet
Passage9
【答案】D B C D
1. D.
【思路】细节题．定位the solar still equipment the first paragraph，文章中直接找，最快的方法就是直接把选项挨个往回带，逆向定位即可。
好，这里复习一个我们讲过的技巧，叫中文定位，如果说选项中的词你不认识，直接去文章中迅速的找中文，那么中文存在的地方很有可能就是答案，这个技巧有助于我们做题。
【解析】根据第一段第三句前半句 Unfortunately，you must carry the necessary equipment with you …可知，太阳能蒸馏器设备必须被携带，因此其是可以携带的，其余选项文章均未提及，故正确答案为D．
2. B.
【思路】指代题．答案就在这句话的前半节或者上一句，向前看To construct a working still，直接出，如果你够强，直接看翻译，water catcher 意为水的捕捉者，不就是蒸馏器吗，什么，不知道意思，看完第一段括号再来挨揍。
【解析】根据第二段划线词组前面的句子可知，其为蒸馏器的制作过程以及放置地点．后面的 increa productivity 为增加产量，因此可以推断该词组为蒸馏器，故正确答案为B．
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3. C.
【思路】细节题．定位 the last step of constructing a working solar still，这个时候我们要先去文章找建造过程，建造过程会分很多步，我们不需要每步都看，只需要找最后一步即可。当然这里说一句题外话，理工科科学研究类文章是按顺序依次渐进的，所以我们如果要找最后一步的话，直接优先在文章的最后部分找。这种题目其实类似于前几年浙江卷很爱考的排序题，这种题最简单的做法很简单，由于科学研究类文章的顺序都是依次往下来的，那么我只需要带着选项回去逆向定位，看哪个选项最后出现即可，直接出，
【解析】根据文章第三段第一句后半句 …weighting the sheet's center down with a rock 可知，用石头让塑料布中心下降是制造太阳能蒸馏器的最后一步，后文没有再介绍制造过程，故正确答案为C．
4会议费. D.
危言正色【思路】细节题．定位a solar still works，drops of water come into the cup from，文章ip地址有几类中找即可，直接出。
牛蛙做法【解析】根据文章最后一段第二句 Ground water evaporates and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form，run down the material and fall off into the cup 可知，地面上的水蒸发并且在塑料布上，形成小水滴后落在杯子里，因此可以得知水滴来自塑料布下方，故正确答案为D．
体裁：说明文 题材：科普知识 词数：285 难度：中 建议用时： 7分钟
Passage10（2017•新课标Ⅱ）
When a leafy plant is under attack，it doesn't sit quietly．Back in 1983，two scientists，Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin，reported that young maple trees getting bitten by incts nd out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get．The chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and em to be an alarm．What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds，VOCs for short．
Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked．It's a plant's way of crying out．But is anyone listening？Apparently．Becau we can watch the neighbors react．
Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep incts away．But others do double duty．They pump out perfumes designed to attract different incts who are natural enemies to the attackers．Once they arrive，the tables are turned．The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch．
