名词解释（1’X20=20’）:远足心得
1、The theory of metalingual fuction of language: Language has ideational, interpersonal and textual functions. Ideational function constructs a model of experience as well as logical relations, interpersonal function enacts social relationships and textual function creates relevance to context.
2、Phonetics studies speech sounds, including the production of speech, that is how speech sounds are actually made, transmitted and received, the description and classification of speech sounds, words and connected speech.
3、Morphology is concerned with the internal organization of words. It studies the minimal units of meaning-morphemes and word-formation process.
4、Coarticulation: When such simultaneous or overlapping articulations are involved, we call the process coarticulation.
5、Allophones: Such variants of a phoneme are called allophones of the same phoneme.
6、Supragmentals: supeagmental features are tho aspects of speech that involve more than single sound gments. The principal supragmentals are syllable, stress, tone, and intonation.
7、Stress refers to the degree of force ud in producing a syllable.
8、Intonation involves the occurrence of recurring fall-ri patterns, each of which is ud with a t of relatively consistent meanings, either on singular words or on groups of words of varying length.
9、Determiners refers to words which are ud before the noun acting as head of a none group, and which determine the kind of reference the nominal group has.
10、Grammatical construction or construct睡前童话故事 can be ud to mean any syntactic construct which is assigned one or more conventional functions in a language, together with whatever is linguistically conventionalized about its contribution to the meaning or u the construct contains.
11、Endocentric construction is one who distribution is functionally equivalent to that of one or more of its constituents, i.e., a word or a group of words, which rves as a definable center or head.研究性学习
12、电气工程及自动化Syntactic function shows the relationship between a linguistic form and other parts of the linguistic pattern in which it is ud.
13、Agreement(or concord) may be defined as the requirement that the forms of two or more words of specific word class that stand in specific syntactic relationship with one another, shall also be characterized by the same paradigmatically marked category(or categories).
14、Theoretically, there is no limit to the number of embedding one relative clau into another relative clau, so long as it does not become an obstacle to successful communication. The same holds true for nominal clau and adverbial claus. This is what we call excursiveness.
合作共赢作文
15、Conjoining refers to the process where one clau is coordinated or conjoined with another. The ntences made up in this way can be understood as instances of coordination.
16、Embedding refers to the means by which one clau is included in the ntence (main clau) in syntactic subordination.
17、Morphological change 词素变体Morphological change takes the form of inflectional changes in affixes.
无双剑姬
18、Linguistics 语言学Linguistics is usually defined as the science of language or, alternatively, as the scientific study of language. Linguistics is a rich and exciting field.
19、Category 范畴
The term CATEGORY in some approaches refers to class and functions in its narrow n. More specifically, it refers to the defining properties of tho general units.
简述题（20’X1=20’）
1、 Displacement 移位性
DISPLACEMENT means that human languages enable their urs to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not prent at the moment Thus, I can refer to Confucius, or North Pole, even though the first has been dead for over 2550 years and the cond is situated far away from us. Displacement benefits human beings by giving them the power to handle generalization and abstractions. Indeed words are often ud not in such immediate physical context when they denote concrete objects. They are often ud with a deference for referential application.
2、 Arbitrariness 任意性
吐司做法
Saussure first refers to the fact that the forms of linguistics signs bear no natural relationship to their meaning.
1 Arbitrariness relationship between the sound of a morpheme and its meaning. In English, totally different words are ud to describe the sound. But there is some misund家用电器英文
erstanding about the onomatopoeic effect. As a matter of fact, arbitrariness and onomatopoeic effect may work at the same time.
2 Arbitrariness at the syntactic level. According to systemic functionalists and American functionalists, language is not arbitrary at the syntactic level. As we know, the order of elements in a ntence follows certain rules, and there is a certain degree of correspondence between the quence of claus and the real happenings. In other words, syntax is less arbitrary than words, especially in so far as this kind of order is concerned.
