专题08 阅读理解（ 人物传记类）
【母题来源】2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）
【母题题文】
Leslie Nieln's childhood was a difficult one, but he had one particular shining star in his life-his uncle, who was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nieln to make a career（职业）in acting. Even though he often felt he would be discovered to be a no-talent, he moved forward, gaining a scholarship to the Neighborhood Playhou and making his first television appearance a few years later in 1948. However, becoming a full-time, successful actor would still be an uphill battle for another eight years until he landed a number of film roles that finally got him noticed.
But even then, what he had wasn't quite what he wanted. Nieln always felt he should be
doing comedy but his good looks and distinguished voice kept him busy in dramatic roles. It wasn't until1980-32 years into his career-that he landed the role it would em he was made for in Airplane! That movie led him into the cond half of his career where his comedic prence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly.
Did Nieln then feel content in his career? Yes and no. He was thrilled to be doing the comedy that he always felt he should do, but even during his last few years, he always had a n of curiosity, wondering what new role or challenge might he just around the comer. He never stopped working, never retired.
Leslie Nieln's devotion to acting is wonderfully inspiring. He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a remarkable life.
21. Why did Nieln want to be an actor?
6岁儿童讲故事
A. He enjoyed watching movies. B. He was eager to earn money.
C. He wanted to be like his uncle. D. He felt he was good at acting.
22. What do we know about Nieln in the cond half of his career?
A. He directed some high quality movies. B. He avoided taking on new challenges.
C. He focud on playing dramatic roles. D. He became a successful comedy actor.
23. What does Nieln's career story tell us?
A. Art is long, life is short. B. He who laughs last laughs longest.
C. It's never too late to learn. pretty什么意思 D. Where there's a will there's a way. 怎么清洗油烟机
端蒙
【试题解析】
21.C 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspir
ed Nieln to make a career in acting”可知，尼尔森的叔叔所受到的赞赏和尊敬激励着尼尔森。由此可知，尼尔森想成为一名演员受到叔叔的影响。故选C。
22.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“That movie led him into the cond half of his career where his comedic prence alone could make a movie a financial success even when ...”可知，尼尔森在其事业的后半段因为电影Airplane而成为一名成功的喜剧演员。故选D项。
23.D 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了尼尔森受叔叔的影响在进入演艺圈，并且32年后因一部电影让其喜剧天分发挥到极致而一举成名，从而实现了他想成为喜剧演员的梦想。由此可知，有志者事竟成。故选D。
【课题标准解读】
紫色的英文单词
在课程标准中对于理解性技能的要求包括：从语篇中提取主要信息和观点，理解语篇要义，理解语篇中显性或隐性的逻辑关系，包括语篇主要事件的来龙去脉。抓住语篇中的关键概念和关键细节等。
人物传记类短文多以时间为主线，介绍人物的生平事迹、突出成就、轶闻趣事等，要求考生能够提取主要信息、关键细节、事件之间的联系等。
【命题方向】
墨守成规的反义词
1.命题往往从情节、人物或事件之间的关系、事件的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力或者总结概括能力。
2.从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。
3.人物传记类短文脉络清楚，结构清晰，通常顺序阅读，考生可依次完成题目，题目一般难度不大。
5.细节题是此类文章的基础题型亦是主流题型，需要考生锁定题干中关键词，认真比对选项，减少失误。
【得分要点】
1.熟悉文章结构
人物传记类短文通常有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些文章是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些文章是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。
2.锁定记叙文基础信息
首先关注基础信息，记叙文中5W（what, who, when, where, why）要素。
3. 人物传记类短文多锁定人物的某个主要特征，受篇幅所限，不可能全面介绍一个人物，考生需要锁定关键词，尊重原文，准确作答。
1．“想起皖南八校”2021届高三第一次联考
Loui Elisabeth Glück is an American poet. She won the 2020 Nobel Prize in literature.志愿贵州登录
Loui Glück was born in New York City. She grew up on Long Island. Her father, Daniel,
an immigrant from Hungary, helped invent and market the X-Acto Knife. Glück graduated in 1961 from George W. Hewlett High School. She went on to attend Sarah Lawrence College and later Columbia University; however, she did not graduate from either of them.
Glück won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 1993 for her collection The Wild Iris. Glück is the recipient of the National Book Critics Circle Award, the Academy of American Poet’s Prize, as well as numerous Guggenheim fellowships. She lives in Cambridge, Massachutts, and was previously a Senior Lecturer in English at Williams College in Williamstown, MA. Glück currently teaches at Yale University. She has also been a member of the faculty of the University of lowa and taught at Goddard College in Vermont.
Glück is the author of twelve books of poetry, including: A Village Li fe (2009), Averno(2006), The Seven Ages (2001), Vita Nova (1999), Meadowlands (1996), The Wild Iris(1992), Ararat (1990), and The Triumph o fAchilles (1985). The First Four Books collects her early poetry.
Glück has also published a collection of essays, Proofs and Theories : Essays on Poetry(1994). In 2001 Yale University awarded Loui Glück its Bollingen Prize in Poetry. Her other honors include the Lannan Literary Award for Poetry, the Sara Teasdale Memorial Prize(Wellesley, 1986), the Massachutts Institute of Technology Anniversary Medal (2000), and fellowships from the Guggenheim and Rockefeller foundations and from the National Endowment for the Arts. A Village Life (2009) has been nominated(提名)for the Griffin Poetry Prize. The latest collection, Faith ful and Virtuous Night, was published in September 2014 and won the National Book Award for Poetry.
