高二状语从句专题二
（本部分主要讲条件、时间状语从句及让步状语从句，让学生通过例句来总结知识点，适合自主学习性比较强的学员）
1.状语从句定义：
状语从句在复合句中起状语的作用，用于修饰主句中的谓语动词、形容词和副词等。状语从句一般由连词引导，连词不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。根据它的意思，可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步状语从句。
2.引导状语从句的连词叫从属连词，位置可放在句首或句末，放在句首时，常用逗号与主句分开；放在句末时，从句前面往往不用逗号。
NO.1条件状语从句
1.概念：由引导词if或unless引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句。在英文中，条件是指
某一件事情实现之后(状语从句中的动作)，其它事情(主句中的动作)才能发生，通常译作"假如"。
注意：在含有条件状语从句的复合句中，表示将来时态，主句是一般将来时态，祈使句或情态动词，从句要用现在时态,[主将从现原则](主将从现，并非指将来时，还指表示将来含义的，跟着if后的那句话是从句。)
2.关系词: 主要的有if，unless，as/so long as 等。
eg1：除非我打电话，否则你别来。
Don't come unless I telephone..
如果你仔细看，你会看出该怎样做。
If you watch carefully you will e how to do it.
只要你尽力，我们就满意了。
As long as you do your best, we'll be happy.
3.常见引导词
如果我忘了，请提醒我。
Take a coat in ca the weather turns cold.
带上一件外衣吧，以防天气转凉了。
Take a taxi in ca you are late for the meeting.
作车租车去，免得开会迟到。
注意：in ca 的意思是“万一，以防”，常用来引导条件状语从句。
扩展：in ca 的用法注意事项
1）i n ca 与in ca of性质不同：
in ca 可用作连词和副词；
in ca of 用作介词。
In ca of fire, ring the bell.
元宵节是法定节假日
如发生火灾，请按铃。
The wall was built along the river in ca of floods.
沿江筑了堤坝以防有洪水。
2）in ca与if有时意思不同：
I’ll come tomorrow in ca Ann wants me.
明天我要来，以备安找我。
I’ll come tomorrow if Ann wants me.
如果安找我，我明天就来。
b. if和unless 表示“如果，除非……；如果不……”的意思，相当于if…not…，有时二者可以换用。
If you have any questions or comments, you can voice them now.
你们如果有任何疑问或意见，可以现在提出。
If you don’t visit him tomorrow, he will be angry.
如果你明天不去看他，他会生气的。
=Unless you visit him tomorrow, he’ll be angry.
除非你明天去看他，否则他就会生气的。
C. as long as和so long as表示“只要”的意思
Naturally, so long as they can understand.
当然可以，只要他们能理解。
So long as I live, I must study.
只要还活着，我就要学习。
Very well, so long as everybody joins in.
很好，只要大家都参加。
So long as studies attentively, anything will learn well.
只要用心学，什么都可以学好的。
d. Provided/supposing/on condition that表示“在……的条件下”
We can finish the job in time provided/on condition that there is a stable supply of material.
在材料供应稳定的前提下，我们能够按时完成任务。
注意：provided that表示“在……的前提/条件下”，就是on condition that，其格式固定，不用providing that。
Supposing that now you are at the airport, then you can directly take the blue bus to get to the hotel.
如果你现在到了机场，你可以直接乘坐巴士到酒店。
注意：supposing that也表示“在……的前提/条件下”. 假设你已经到达了机场的条件下，你就可以选择巴士公共交通去酒店了。
e. once表示“一旦……就……”
Once I killed you, you are not able to live on.
一旦我杀了你，你就不能存活了。
查别人手机位置注意：once引导条件状语从句，表示“一旦”。Once可以用作时间状语从句，也可以翻译成为一……就……，只是哪个更贴切的不同。
4. 条件状语从句的时态
遵循原则：主语与从句时态上保持一致的原则。
1）He’ll be a doctor when he finishes studying here.
他结束在这儿的学习之后，将会成为一名医生。
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll start.
明天如果不下雨，我们就出发。
注意：条件状语从句的主句是一般将来时，那么从句常常用一般现在时，有时也可以用现在进行时和现在完成时。两个例句中的主句都是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
2）If you get the book, let me know.
如果你弄到了那本书，告诉我一声。
If he feels like eing the sights of the city, he can take a bus tour.
如果他想看城市风光，他可以做城市观光车。
注意：有时主句中用祈使句和情态动词来替代将来时态。
3）What do you want to do if you have much money?
如果你有很多钱，你想要做什么？
I hope to e her if I’m free.
如果我有空，我希望去看看她。
注意：如果主句谓语动词是want, hope等词，则条件状语从句用一般现在时。
4）在有些句子中，主、从句都可用一般现在时，如：
If you ring this number, no one answers.
如果你打这个电话号码，不会有人接。
If you press the switch, the computer comes on.
如果你按这个开关，计算机就会启动。
专题精讲
1. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water _________they are not managed
carefully.
A. though
B. before
C. until
D. if
【答案】D
【考点】本题考查连词的用法。
【解析】句意为：如果小帆船没有被仔细掌控好的话, 那么在水中就很容易被打翻。if如果, 引导条件状语从句。
2. In time of rious accidents, we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives.
A. whether
B. until
C. if
D. unless
【答案】C
【考点】本题考查条件状语从句
【解析】本题考查连词的用法, 根据句意, 此处为条件状语从句, 故C项正确。
3. My parents don’t mind what job I do I am happy.
A. even though
B. as soon as
C. as long as
D. as though
【答案】C
【考点】本题考查状语从句的引导词。
【解析】根据题干意思可知此处是条件状语从句, 引导词意思是：只要, 选C。even though引导让步状语从句, 意思是：即使；as soon as引导时间状语从句, 意思是：一……就……；as though引导方式状语从句, 意思是：仿佛, 好像。
4. environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem（生态系统）to recover.
A.Even if
B. If only
C. While
D. Once
【答案】D
【考点】本题考查状语从句引导词的用法。
【解析】even if即使, 即便, 用于引导让步状语从句；if only要是……就好了, 多用于感叹句, 要用虚拟语气；while可引导时间状语从句；once一旦……引导条件状语从句。此题意为：一旦环境遭到破坏, 生态系统就要花费很多年的时间才能得到恢复。
5.—What would you do if it tomorrow?
—We have to carry it on, since we’ve got everything ready.
风儿吹来了A. rain
B. rains
C. will rain
D. is raining
【答案】B
【考点】本题是对一般现在时在条件状语从句中表将来的考查。
【解析】第二句的语境已经暗示：我们得继续执行（计划）, 因为一切已经准备就绪。第一句中的would为情态动词, 表示意愿, 并非过去时态。
专题过关
选择
1.I think our boat can pass the treacherous water cautiously handled.
A. until
B. if
C. lest
D. with
鸡腿怎么炸会外酥里嫩
2. I'll give you a lift I get home you get off.
A. if
B. as
C. if... before
D. until ...
before
3. You'll succeed in time you study hard.
A. unless
B. as long as
C. even if
D. even
酸菜猪脚
though
4. The robber told him that he had better keep silent he wanted to get into trouble.
A. if
B. unless
C. otherwi
D.
whether
5. I have made a promi anyone can tell me the cret, I'll give him a little prent.
A. that if
B. that
C. when
D. so
long as
6. Don't let her leave the department she is not ready to.
A. if
B. though
C. unless
D. till
7. I wrote the words down I should forget.
A. for
B. so
C. lest
D. since
8. We are sure to do the work well we don't lo heart.
A. for
B. so long as
C. as if
D. since
9. He would be punished he should make the same mistake again.
A. unless
B. if
C. provided
D. lest高发明
10. Anyone can borrow books from this library he keeps them clean and returns them in time.
A. even if
B. unless
C. so that
D. as
long as
11. ______ you return tho books to the library immediately, you will have to pay a
fine.
A. Until
B. Unless
C. If
D.
Provided
12. The parents did not allow their son to swim in the a he might have an accident some day.
A. for fear that
开封府包拯
B. in ca of
C. besides
D. and
that
13. It is a gripping story and one can't put it down one has finished reading it.
A. after
B. when
C. unless
D. until
14. They agreed to rent the hou the roof should be repaired.
A. on condition that
B. as soon as
C. when
D. unless
15. The more civilized man has become, he is limited by the disadvantage
of his environment.
A. and the more
B. the less
C. test
十大品牌门业D. and
the less
Keys: 1-5 BCBBA 6-10 AC BBD 11-15 BADAB
翻译
1.如果你有任何疑问或意见，可以现在提出。
2.除非你吃肉，否则这种旅行就不适合你，因为这个地方的人以动物、鸟和鱼
为主食。
3.带上些钱，万一你想要买一些东西呢。
4.只要你不放弃，我们就能找到克服困难的办法。
答案：
1.If you have any questions or comments, you can voice them now.
2.Unless you eat meat, this tour is not for you as people there live on animals, birds
and fish.
3.Take some money with you in ca you want to buy something.
4.As/so long as you don’t give up, we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty.
学法提炼
条件状语从句常见引导词：In ca、unless、As/so long as、If、Provided that、Providing that、Suppo that、Supposing that、On condition that
NO.2时间状语从句
1.概念：引导时间状语从句的连词有很多，常见的有before, after, when, while, as, since, till, until, as soon as等。
2.引导词
1）表示“当……时候”：when
Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.
(在)莫扎特4岁的时候，开始写音乐作品。
注意：例句中的两个动作started和was, 都发生在过去，客观描述过去事实，动词既可以用短暂性的，也可以是持续性的。具体辨析见节讲解。
2）在...期间：while
