2005年全国硕士研究生考试英语真题及答案
Section Ⅰ U of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choo the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1(10 points)
The human no is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be innsitive smellers compared with animals, 1 this is largely becau, 2 animals ,we stand upright. This means that our nos are 3 to perceiving tho smells which float through the air, 4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact
5 , we are extremely nsitive to smells, 6 we do not generally realize it. Our nos are capable of 7 human smells even when the are 8 to far below one part in one million.
Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, 9 othe
rs are nsitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be becau some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the no. The receptors are the cells which n smells and nd 11 to the brain. However, it has been found that even people innsitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become nsitive to it when 13 to it often enough.
The explanation for innsitivity to smell ems to be that brain finds it
14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary. This may 16 explain why we are not usually nsitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own hou but we 18 new smells when we visit someone el’s. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.
1. ［A］although ［B］as ［C］but ［D］while
2. 红心火龙果苗［A］above ［B］unlike ［C］excluding ［D华益慰］besides
3. ［A］limited ［B］committed ［C］dedicated ［D］confined
杜仲功效与作用 4. ［A］catching ［B］ignoring ［既然的近义词C］missing ［D］tracking
5. ［A］anyway ［B］though ［C］instead ［D］therefore
6. ［A］even if ［B］if only ［C］only if ［D］as if
7. ［A］distinguishing［B］discovering ［C］determining［D］detecting
8. ［中国节日有哪些A］diluted ［B］dissolved ［C］determining［D］diffud
9. ［A］when ［B］since ［C］for ［D］whereas
10. ［A］unusual ［B］particular ［C］unique ［D］typical
11. ［A］匿名邮件signs ［B］stimuli ［C］messages ［D］impuls
12. ［A］at first ［B］at all ［C］at large ［D］at times
13. ［A］subjected ［B］left ［C］drawn ［D］expod
14. ［A］ineffective ［B］incompetent ［C］inefficient［D］insufficient
15. ［A］introduce ［B］summon ［C］trigger ［D］create
16. ［A］still ［B］also ［C］otherwi 雨后春笋般［D］nevertheless
17. ［A］sure ［B］sick ［C］aware ［D］tired
18. ［A］tolerate ［B］repel ［C］neglect ［D］notice
19. ［A］availabe ［B］reliable［C］identifiable［D］suitable
20. ［A］similar to［B］such as ［C］along with ［D］aside from
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1(40 points)
Text 1
Everybody loves a fat pay ri. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as all too human, with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed n of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it all too monkey, as well.
The rearchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food tardily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much clor attention to the value of goods and rvices than males. Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de waal’s; study. The rearchers spent two years te
aching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in parate but adjoining chambers, so that each could obrve what the other was getting in return for its rock, their became markedly different.
In the world of capuchins grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers) So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the cond was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tosd her own token at the rearcher or out of the chamber, or refud to ;accept the slice of cucumber Indeed, the mere prence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to reduce rentment in a female capuchin.
是我是我还是我 The rearches suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions, in the wild, they are a co-operative, groupliving species, Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteo
us indignation, it ems, are not the prerve of people alone, Refusing a lesr reward completely makes the feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a n of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems form the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.
