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A Tentative Study of Protestantism in America 文/徐琰
Then conquer we/ must, when our cau/ it is just,/ And this be our/ motto：“IN GOD IS OUR TRUST.”/And the star-spangled/ banner in triumph shall wave/ O'er the land of the/ free and the home of the brave. America is typically a Christian country. Christianity has a wide social foundation there. Especially Protestantism in it is very important. Protestantism has gone through the whole history of America. It played a crucial role in the formation of the American nation. Even today it is an important part of American people's life. National surveys show that 94% of the population express a belief in God and 60% of the religious population are Protestant. In America, Protestants refer to tho Christians who are not Roman Catholic. They regard“Bible”as their source of their beliefs, and according to their different understanding of Bible, they have formed different Protestant denominations,
which are the mainstream religion and a strongly culture-affirming religion in America. Protestantism is regarded as an important factor in America in all aspects of life- political, economic and social.
1. Protestant Influence on Politics
数学小故事In the early 17th century, to escape religious percution, Puritans came to Ne w England, established veral ttlements in Massachutts and built communities bad on their religious ideals, especially on their covenant doctrine. They insisted on a lf-governing congregation which meant they had practical daily experience of a fellowship in which each and every member had something to contribute. The covenantal ideal mainly depended on promis made and kept between rulers and subject; it was exactly a token of commitment and social contract. The covenant limited absolute power and meanwhile activated ordinary people's power, thus making great contribution to the systems of checks and balances which became fundamental to democratic theory and practice. It was the basis of American federalist tradition. After the independence of America, a new kind of covenant was adopted - the Constitution of the United States.
Chiefly influenced by Calvinism, Protestants also emphasize the doctrine of predestination. They believe that God has ordained the outcome of history, including the eternal fate of every human bein
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g. In the early colonial period, Protestants came to the Mew World with a mission of building a“city on the hill”where everyone would share their rights given by God. They believed they were lected bay God for this special mission and so they strived for it. Under this hectic religious ideal formed American people’s stable n of mission- American people are God’s chon people and so have a special responsibility for the fate of the mankind. What they do is according God’s will. With the strong n of mission, John L.O’sullivan declared in the early 19th century it had become the United States’manifest destiny to overspread the continent allotted by Providence for the free development of our yearly multiplying millions. Americans began their large-scale expansion within the North America, mainly in the west. And in 1853, they completed their expansion with its western boarder reaching the Pacific Ocean, but resulted in a large number of Indians’and Mexicans’death. When America began its overa expansion with the need of market aboard, Protestants' enthusiasm of preaching aboard was quite high, but what they did was not just to bring Christ to the sufferers but in fact to play the role of invaders, such as in China in the early 1910s. After World War II, as the most powerful country in the world, America changed its mission into dominating the whole world. In order to finish this special mission, all kinds of diplomatic means were ud, such as cultural invasion, territory expansion, and Economic control and so on.“Manifest destiny”was always its theological justification of doing so.
2. Protestant Influence on Economy According to Protestant theory- God lects his chon
【Abstract】In the United States, a Christian country, Protestantism is especially important. It has penetrated into all aspects of American life, thus playing an important role in the formation of its national character in the process of the country’s development. This article expatiates the profound impact of Protestantism on the politics, economy and culture of the United States.
【Key words】Protestantism; politics; economy; culture
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【作者简介】徐琰(1975.12-)，女，汉族，江苏人，苏州健雄职业技术学院，硕士研究生，副教授，研究方向：主要英语国家社会与文化。红高粱观后感
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