高考英语语法填空--被动语态六大核心考点
腿粗穿什么裤子
水果谜语大全儿童版高考被动语态六大核心考点
幂函数的运算法则在英语的两种语态中，对于大多数学生而言，主动语态较易接受和理解，而被动语态则是学习和备考的重点和难点。下面结合近年来高考题分三期来归纳一下被动语态方面的考查要点。
考点1：考查被动语态的启用与构成形式
【考例】
1.The hero’s story________(report) differently in the newspapers.（NMET2005全国）
2. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities ofgood earth ____( wash away) each year.
(NMET2005山东卷)
3. Millions of pounds’worth of damage________(cau) by astorm which swept across the north of England last night.
(NMET2005重庆)
4. Great changes_____( take place) in the city, and a lot offactories______(t up). (NMET)
【答案解析】
1. 【解析】答案was reported。句子的主语story是动作report的被执行者，故应选用被动语态；被动语态的构成为助动词be加动词的过去分词构成。
2.【解析】答案are being washed away。此题首先考查了主语与谓语的一致。谓语应与quantity 的形式一致，故本题应确定为复数谓语are，且用被动语态形式；其次考查被动语态的形式，根据前文的beingdestroyed，可判定为被动进行时态。
3.【解析】答案has been caud。Last night这一时间状语暗示动作已发生；又由于动作
并非强调在一个过去时间之前就已完成，而是强调动作对现在的影响，故只能选用现在完成时的被动语态。
蒜薹焖面4.【解析】答案have taken place…have been t up.take place（发生）是不及物动词，不可用于被动语态，又因t up(建造)是及物动词，在此题中应该用被动式B。
【考点透视】★被动语态的构成。
被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式,被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而上变化。
以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：
1．am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors arerequested not to touch the exhibits.
2．has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations forthe task have been completed, and we're ready to start.
3．am/is /are being done 现在进行时例 A new cinema is beingbuilt here．
4．was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decidewhether I should reject the offer.
5．had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, anothernew gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.
6.was/were being done 过去进行时例 A meeting was being heldwhen I was there. 7．shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will belost if the factory clos. 8．should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be nt tothe soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.
9．shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）例The projectwill have been completed before July.
10．should/would have been done过去将来完成时（少用）例He told me that his new clothes wouldhave been made very soon.
★被动语态的特殊结构形式
1．带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2．有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。例His mother gave him a prent for his birthday. 可改为He was given aprent by his mother for his birthday.
3．当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
4．在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词e, watch, notice,hear, feel,obrve等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was en to walk into the building. 5．有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可
以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.
6. 将固定短语中的名词作主语来增加句子理解难度
涎皮赖脸【考例】
Good care must ______babies, particularly while they are ill.
背后的故事作文【解析】答案be taken of。take good care of
★不能用被动语态的几种情况。
①所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。
②表示状态的谓语动词，如：last、hold、benefit、contain、equal、fit、join、mean、last、looklike、consist to等。
③表示归属的动词，如have、own、belong to等。
④表示“希望、意图”的动词，如：wish、want、hope、like、love、hate等。
⑤宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态，不能用被动语态。
国奥家具
⑥宾语是同源宾语，不定式、动名词等谓语动词不用被动语态。
⑦有些动词以其主动形式表示被动意义，特别是当主语是物时，常见的动词有ll、write、wash、open、lock等。
【备考策略】分清及物与不及物动词，记准被动语态的各种时态的构成形式以及可以用被动语态的的场合。【体验高考】
1. According to the art dealer, the painting _______(expect) to go for at least a million dollars. (NMET 2004 年全国卷III, 30)
2. More patients_____(treat) in hospital this year than last year. (NMET2004年江苏)
3. All the employees except the manager _______(encourage) to work online at home.(NMET 2004年广东，21)
4. Hundreds of jobs ________( lo) if the factory clos. (NMET 2001年春季北京)
【答案解析】
1. 答案is expected。主语the painting 是expect的被执行者要用被动语态。
2. 答案have been treated。treat 与patient是动宾关系，要用被动语态，this year是表示现在的时间状语，所以要选现在完成时。
3. 答案are encouraged。encourage和employees 是动宾关系，要用被动语态，all the employees作主语，谓语动词要用复数形式。Manager 做except 的宾语。
