1. We will approach the notation of pitch by relating this pitch alphabet to the keyboard张嫂, using Cs as an example.
我们可以把这些字母放到钢琴键盘上来了解它们是如何表示音高的，以C为例。
2. A staff is ud in music to indicate the preci pitch desired.
音乐中用谱号来精确的表明音高。
3. The grand staff is a combination of two staves joined by a brace, with the top and bottom staves using treble and bass clefs, respectively.
用大括号将两个谱表连在一起可以构成由上下两个谱表结合而成的大谱表，分别使用高音谱号和低音谱号。
4. Notice also that the major scale can be thought of as two identical, our-note patterns parated by a whole step.贞懿皇后 The four-note patterns are called tetrachords.
大调音阶还可以被认为是被一个全音分隔开的由两个完全相同的四音列组成的结构。
5. To play a G major scale, we would need to skip the F key and play the black key that is between F and G. We will label that key with an accidental, a symbol that rais or lowers a pitch by a half or lowers a pitch by a half or whole step.
雾天
为了得到一个G大调音阶，就需要跳过F键，选择F与G之间的那个黑键。我们需要为这个键标上一个临时记号，一个可以表明升高或降低半音或全音的符号。
6. One way to learn the major scales is bu means of the pattern of whole and half steps discusd in the previous ction. Another is by memorizing the key signatures associated with the carious scales.
确认一个大调音阶，可以按照确定全音和半音在音阶中的位置来构成，另一种方法是记住各调音阶的调号。
7. A key signature is a pattern of sharps or flats that appears at the beginning of a staff and indicates that certain notes are to be consistently raid or lowered.
调号表现为出现在每行谱表开始的若干个升号或降号，用来表明在音乐中某些音始终要升贝壳
高或降低。
年会唱什么歌8. Some people find it easier to memorize key signatures if they visualize a circle of fifths, which is a diagram somewhat like the face of a clock.
人们发现，设想一个像钟表盘面一样的五度圈，对记住调号非常有帮助。
9. natural minor scale; harmonic minor scale; melodic minor scale.
5自然小调；和声小调；旋律小调
10. You may find it easier to learn the minor scales in terms of their relative majors, as in the preceding circle-of-fifths diagram instead of in terms of their parallel majors.
你会发现，用五度圈来演示小调的名称，其关系大调以及调号是一种很方便的方法。
11. If you do u the relative major approach, remember that the key signature for any minor scale conforms to the natural minor scale and that accidentals must be u to spell the other forms.
如果通过关系大调确定小调调号，要记住任何小调的调号都是以自然小调音阶为基础，并且其他形式的小调音阶也必须依照自然小调调号对音高进行调整。
12. It is very important to practice faithfully all the major and minor scales on an instrument until they become memorized patterns. An intellectual understanding of scales can’t substitute for the cure tactile and aural familiarity that will result from tho hours of practice.
草绿色的图片在一种乐器上正确地联系所有的大小调音阶，知道完全熟记是非常重要的。理论上的理解并不能代替通过长时间实践所得到的正确的触觉和听觉感知。
13. tonic-supertonic-mediant-subdominant-dominant-submediant-(subtonic)-leading tone
主音-上主音-中音-下属音-属音-下中音-导音（降Ⅶ）-导音
14. An 最好的网站小学英语教研计划interval is the measurement of the distance in pitch between two notes.
音程是两个音在音高上的距离。
15. A harmonic interval results when the notes are performed at the same time, whereas a melodic interval occurs when the notes are played successively.
和声音程表示两个音同时发声，旋律音程表示两个音先后发声。
16. The method of measuring intervals is the same for both harmonic and melodic intervals.
和声音程和旋律音程的计量方法是完全一样的。
17. Tritone is a term ud for the +4 or its enharmonic equivalent, the °5.
三全音是一个专有名词，用来表示增四度或其等音程减五度。
18. It is important to notice that the harmonic interval of a 2nd is notated with the top note offt a little to the right of the bottom note. Accidentals are offt in the same way for harmonic intervals of a 2nd, 3rd, or 4th, if both notes require an accidental.
有一点很重要，和声音程中的二度在书写时上方音要比下方音向右偏一些。如果两个音都含有变化音，和声音程二度、三度和四度的变音记号也要相互错开。
19. One way to begin learning the modifiers for intervals is by relating them to the intervals contained in the major scale, specifically the intervals from 1 up to the other scale degrees. This method can then be applied in any context, whether or not the major scale is actually being ud.
在刚掌握音程限饰词时，一种方法是把它们与大调所包含的各种音程结合起来，特别是才I级开始向上与各音级构成的音程。这种方法可以应用于各种不同的情况，不管它是否是大调。
20. Fluency with intervals, as with scales, is necessary for any rious musician and will provide a solid foundation for your further study.
像熟练地掌握音阶一样，熟练地掌握音程对任何一位严谨的音乐家来说是非常必要的，它将为今后的学习打下扎实的基础。
21. One exerci you can do (you can think of others) is to write out the notes of the chromatic scale in random order. Include each black key twice—once as a sharped note and once as a flatted note. Then play some interval above and below each note. Work for speed, using your ear to correct yourlf.
我们可以做一个练习：在半音阶上随机写某个音，其中黑键可以当作两个音，一次是含升号的音，一次是含降号的音，然后在该音的上方或下方弹出某种音程。做得尽量快，并且用耳朵去修正可能出现的错误。
22. The terms consonant and dissonant can be defined roughly as meaning pleasing to the ear and not pleasing to the ear, respectively, but the are very dependent on context. Some of the most exciting moments in tonal music involve dissonance, which is certainly not displeasing in that context, but the dissonances resolve eventually to the consonances that give them meaning.
