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英语中倍数关系表达(总5页)
1)n times +形容词(或副词)比较级+than…
times是用来表示“乘”的(ud to indicate multiplication)n times就是“乘以n”的意思。不论在任何句型中都包括基数100%在内。
[1] Asia is four times larger than Europe.
误译:亚洲比欧洲大4倍。
正译:亚洲比欧洲大3倍。
评析:亚洲面积4400万平方公里,欧洲面积1016万平方公里。因此亚洲应该是欧洲面积的四倍,即亚洲比欧洲大3倍。勇敢的小刺猬
[2] Sound travels nearly 3 times faster in copper than in lead.
声音在铜中的传播速度几乎比在铅中快2倍。
评析:声音在铜中的传播速度为2100m/s,在铅中在的传播速度为710m/s,可见声音在铜中的传播速度几乎是铅中的3倍,而不是比铅快3倍。闪吧
[3] The volume of the earth is 49 times larger than that of the moon.
奥硝唑片说明书地球的大小是月球的49倍。
或:地球比月球大48倍。
2) n times +形容词(或副词)原级+as
[4] The oxygen atom is nearly 16 times as heavy as the hydrogen atom.
氧原子的重量几乎是氢原子的16倍。
评析:经查,氧原子的重量为15.9994,氢原子量为1。
[5] The mercury atom is about 5 times as heavy as calcium atom.
汞的原子重量大约为钙的5倍。
评析:经查,汞的原子量为200.59,钙的原子量为40.08。
3) by + n times
[6] The steel output has incread by two times.
钢产量已增加了一倍。
评析:即增加了(原数目-1)倍。
[7] The error probability of the equipment was reduced by 2.5 times through technical innovation.
通过技术革新,该设备的误差概率降低了3/5。
评析:reduced by 2.5 times,汉语中不说“降低到二点五”,这时应换算成整数分母,即降低到“五分之二”,或降低了“五分之三”。
[8] By using a new process the prime cost of the television t was reduced by 3.4 times.
采用一种新工艺使这种电视的主要成本降低了71%。
评析:算成整数分母,即“降低到5/17” 或“降低了12/17”,但这样仍不符合汉语习惯。在不要求绝对精确的情况下,可进一步换算成百分数,即“降低到29%”或“降低了71%”。
另外,由倍数换算成分数表示减少后的结果,译成“减少到几分之一”或“减少为几分之一”。例如,
reduce by 3 times 减少到1/3 或减少了2/3
reduce by 5 times 减少到1/5 或减少了4/5
reduce by 10 times 减少到1/10 或减少了9/10
4)“倍数+upon/over”结构表示“增加到n倍,增加了或超过了(n-1)倍”曾经年少轻狂
[9] The industrial output in our factory this year is ten times over that of 1999.
今年我们工厂的产量比1999年增加10倍。(×)
今年我们工厂的产量是1999年的10倍。
[10] He is five times upon your age.
光棍理论
他是你年龄的5倍。
[11] The total output value of the city’s light industry has grown over three times as against last year.
这个城市的轻工业总产值比去年增长了两倍多。
[12] The number of the students in that school has been decread more than 3 fold.
该校学生人数减少了2/3。(即减少到原来的1/3)
[13] The grain output in that county was two times over that of 1995.
那个县的粮食产量比1995年增加了一倍。
5) 增减意义的动词+倍数
应为“增加到原来的n倍”或 “增加了(n-1)倍”
[14] The cotton output in the county has incread four times.
该县棉花产量增加了3倍。
描写父亲的文章[15] The sales of TV t have rin 3.5 fold.
电视机销售量增加了2倍半。
数字振动怎么调[16] The weight of the bicycle has decread 3 times.周记摘抄
这种自行车的重量减少了2/3。(即减少到1/3)
[17] The length of the rope has been shortened 5 fold.
绳子的长度缩短了4/5。(即缩短到1/5)
[18] If there were a bridge here, the distance would be shortened 4 times.
如果这里有座桥,距离将缩短3/4。
6)“表示增减意义的词+to+倍数”句型常译为“增(降)至n倍”
[19] The number of the students has incread to three times.
学生人数增加到3倍。
[20] The price of rice has reduced to two thirds.
大米的价格减到原价的2/3。
① Exceed (increa, decrea, reduce)+by a factor of +倍数