摘要
废旧锂离子动力电池中含一些有价金属元素，如：钴、镍等，和一些有毒化学物质，如：氟化物。因此，在废旧锂离子动力电池中，尤其是正极材料的回收及再利用对节约自然资源和保护环境显得非常重要。但是，就目前而言，有关废旧锂离子动力电池中镍钴锰酸锂正极材料的回收及再利用的研究比较少。针对上述问题，本文对以镍钴锰酸锂（以下简称“三元”）为正极材料的废旧锂离子动力电池的回收及再利用展开研究。本文主要研究内容包括：
（1）对废旧三元锂离子动力电池进行前期的电化学性能（剩余容量、内阻、电压等）评估，并与同系列的新电池作对比。确定这些电池是否已达到无法满足在高性能电动设备中应用的废旧程度。
（2）对无法满足在高性能电动设备中应用的电池，进行人工拆解回收。首先，为了确保废旧电池放电完全，拆解前通过多次对比实验，选择最佳浓度的氯化钠水溶液使电池短路并完全放电。然后，将废旧电池实施拆解，正/负极片、隔膜得到单独分离。拆解后，用有机溶剂（1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮，简称“NMP”）将正极活性物质和集流体铝箔分离，并研究了不同的固液比、水浴温度及超声时间对正极活性物质和集流体铝箔分离的影响。随后，将回收料在不同温度下煅烧，为确定杂质碳和粘结剂（偏二氟乙烯，简称“PVDF”）等有机物质是否完全去除，通过X射线粉末晶体衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、红外光谱（FT-IR）、热重分析（TGA）等手段进行表征。最后，将除杂后的材料组装成纽扣电池对其进行电化学性能研究。
（3）以煅烧后的三元回收料为原料，通过两种途径重新合成三元材料来提高回收料的比容量。第一种是共沉淀法，依据感应耦合等离子体（ICP）测试回收料的金属含量，采用柠檬酸作为浸取剂和络合剂来合成目标产物。并从柠檬酸浓度、过氧化氢的加入量、液料比、水浴温度以及磁力搅拌时间等5个方面对回收料的溶解率做了系列研究。第二种是高温固相法，通过在回收料中直接添加锂源经高温焙烧合成目标产物。研究了添加不同质量比锂源合成的材料，对其进行
XRD、SEM等手段表征。最后，将此材料组装成纽扣电池进行充放电测试，确定出最佳的添加锂源质量比。
关键词：废旧锂离子电池；回收及再利用；镍钴锰酸锂；共沉淀法；高温固相法
Abstract
There are many metal Co,Ni,Mn,Al)in lithium ion batteries, and some toxic chemicals,such as fluoride.Therefore,it is very important to recycle and reu of the waste lithium-ion power battery especially the cathode material for save natural resources and protect the environment.However,there is little atention on the rearch of which at prent.Above that questions,this paper pursues rearch on the waste lithium ion power battery with Li(Ni,Co,Mn)O2(hereinafter referred to as"NCM").The main contents of this paper are summarized a
仁人志士的意思
s follows:铜焊
(1)We asss the electrochemical performance(residual capacity,internal resistance,voltage,etc.)of the spent NCM lithium ion battery and compared with the same ries of new lithium ion batteries.And then,determine whether the batteries have been unable to meet the high performance of the electrical equipment.
(2)we disasmble the batteries which have been unable to meet the application of high-performance electric equipment by manual to recycle.First of all, in order to ensure the complete discharge of waste batteries,designning veral experiments to compare and get the best concentration of NaCl solution,which makes the battery short circuit and complete discharge.Then,the waste batteries are disasmbled，as well as the positive pole/negative pole and parators are parated. After paration,the cathode active material and the aluminum foil were parated by organic solvent(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone,referred to as"NMP"),and we rearch on the effects of different solid/liquid ratio,soaking temperature and time on the paration of positive active material and aluminum foil.Subquently,the recovered material is calcined at different temperatures.To determine whether the organic matter such as impurity carbon and binder(vinylidene fluoride,referred to as"PVDF") is completely removed,we u X-ray powder diffracti
十大好色国家on(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).Finally,the dopant material is asmbled into a coin cell for its electrochemical performance.
(3)Using the NCM material which is calcined as raw material,there are two ways to synthesis of the new NCM material to improve the specific capacity of recycled materials.The first is the coprecipitation method,according to the
inductively coupled plasma(ICP)to test the metal content of the recovered material, using citric acid as the leaching agent and complexing agent to synthesize the target product.And the dissolution rate of the recovered material is studied from the five aspects,such as:citric acid concentration,the amount of hydrogen peroxide added, the ratio of liquid to liquid,the temperature of water bath and the time of magnetic stirring.The cond is the high-temperature solid-pha method,by adding the lithium material directly in the recovery of high-temperature roasting synthesis of the target product.The materials are synthesized by adding different materials with different quality than lithium source,and characterized by XRD and SEM.Finally, the material asmbles into a button battery charge and discharge test to determine the best adding lithium source quality ratio.
中国政区
时评素材Key Words:waste lithium ion battery;recovery and reu;Li(Ni,Co,Mn)O2; co-precipitation;high-temperature solid-state method.
目录
摘要..............................................................................................................III 目录.............................................................................................................V 第一章绪论. (1)
1.1课题研究背景及意义 (1)
1.2锂离子电池概况 (2)
1.2.1锂离子电池的结构和组成 (2)
1.2.2锂离子电池的工作原理 (3)
1.2.3锂离子电池正极材料的发展 (4)
1.3废旧锂离子电池的回收管理办法 (6)
1.4废旧锂离子电池的回收技术 (7)
1.4.1物理处理技术 (8)
1.4.2化学处理技术 (9)
1.5废旧三元锂离子动力电池的回收及再利用 (11)
1.6本课题的主要研究内容与创新之处 (12)
沙湖生态公园1.6.1主要研究内容与工艺技术路线 (12)
1.6.2创新和需改进之处 (13)好日网
第二章实验所需原料试剂和测试表征方法 (15)
2.1实验原料 (15)
2.2实验设备 (16)
2.3材料性能表征 (17)
2.3.1X射线粉末晶体衍射分析(XRD) (17)
2.3.2扫描电子显微镜(SEM) (17)
席草2.3.3热重分析(TGA) (17)
2.3.4感应耦合等离子体测试(ICP) (18)
