Tone is the author’s attitude toward the topic. |
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高三上学期总结
The author’s attitude is expresd through the words and details he or she lects.
For example, textbooks are usually written with an objective tone which includes facts and reasonable explanations. The objective tone is matter-of-fact and neutral. The details are mostly facts. On the other hand, fiction and personal essays are usually written with a subjective tone. A subjective tone us words that describe feelings, judgments, or opinions. The details are likely to include experiences, ns, feelings, and thoughts.
▪Objective tone is impartial. It does not show any feelings for or against a topic; therefore, it is unbiad or neutral. Often objective tone us higher level words and avoids pronouns such as I and you, creating a formal tone.
▪Subjective tone is personal, biad, emotional, and often informal.
NOTE: Tone is expresd through the words and details the author lects. To determine th
e author’s tone, you must notice how the words and details are ud within the writing.
Example: The following statements each express different attitudes about a shabby apartment. Six different tones are ud: optimistic, bitter, tolerant, ntimental, humorous, and objective.
1. This place may be shabby, but since both of my children were born while we lived here, it has a special place in my heart.
The tone is ntimental. “It has a special place in my heart,” express tender emotions.
2. This isn’t the greatest apartment in the world, but it’s not really that bad.
The tone is tolerant. The words “not really that bad” show that the writer accepts the situation while recognizing that it could be better.
3. If only there were some decent jobs out there, I wouldn’t be reduced to living in this mirable dump.
The tone is bitter. The writer rents a situation that forces him or her to live in a “mirable dump.”
4. This place does need some repairs, but I’m sure the landlord will be making improvements sometime soon.
The tone is optimistic. The writer is expecting the apartment to be improved soon.
5. When we move away, we’re planning to relea three hundred cockroaches and tow mice, so we can leave the place exactly as we found it.
The tone is humorous. The writer claims to be planning a comic revenge on the landlord by returning the apartment to the terrible condition it was in when the tenants moved in.
6. This is the apartment we live in. It provides shelter.
The tone is objective. The writer does not express feelings about the apartment. He simply states facts.
Commonly Ud Tone Words |
| 洗耳朵用什么药水 absurd silly, ridiculous |
ambivalent undecided, having mixed emotions, unsure |
amud entertained, finding humor, expresd by a smile or laugh |
angry enraged, very mad, incend, threatening or menacing |
apathetic lacking concern, showing little or no interest |
arrogant haughty, acting with fal superiority |
bitter rentful, having strong animosity or rancor |
cheerful jovial, happy, in good spirits |
comic humorous, funny |
compassionate sympathetic, having feeling for others, showing pity, empathy |
complex complicated, having many varying characteristics |
condescending patronizing, stooping to the level of one’s inferiors |
critical disapproving |
cruel causing suffering, causing pain |
cynical scornful of the motives or virtues of others, bitterly mocking |
depresd dejected, sad, unhappy, troubled |
detached uninvolved, having no interest or feelings, objective |
distresd upt |
earnest sincere, showing deep feeling, riousness |
formal accepting rules, stiff, using textbook style, factual |
gentle considerate, kind, mild, soft |
hard unfeeling, hard-hearted, unyielding |
incredulous doubtful, disbelieving, skeptical |
indignant angry, angered by something unjust, mean, unworthy |
inten deeply felt, concentrated |
intimate personal, clo, deeply associated |
ironic wry, an unexpected opposite meaning in words or events |
玛雅人预言irreverent lacking respect , lacking reverence |
joyous extremely happy |
loving affectionate, compassionate, showing inten, deep feeling |
malicious spiteful, desiring to harm others or to e others suffer |
mocking ridiculing, imitating |
nostalgic yearning for the past, homesick, wistful |
objective factual, uninfluenced by emotion or personal prejudice |
optimistic positive, believing in positive outcomes |
q昵称outspoken frank, candid, spoken without rerve |
pathetic pitiful, uless, wretched |
pessimistic tending to take the worst possible view of a situation |
playful fun-filled, full of good spirits, humorous, jesting |
reticent rerved, restrained |
reverent respectful, showing deep respect and esteem |
righteous morally just, morally right, guiltless |
satiric ridiculing or attacking by means of irony or caustic wit 四季兰 |
ntimental emotional, showing special feelings for (possibly romantic) |
rious earnest, not funny |
straightforward direct, frank, honest |
sympathetic understanding |
tragic disastrous, calamitous |
uneasy lacking curity, lacking comfort |
vindictive revengeful, spiteful, bitter, unforgiving |
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Purpo
Purpo is the reason an author writes about a topic. 恢复的近义词
An author writes to share a main idea about a topic. An author’s main idea is directly related to the author’s purpo. One of the three following purpos will drive a main idea: to inform, to entertain, and to persuade.
To inform – to give information about a subject. Authors with this purpo wish to provide facts that will explain or teach something to readers.
Example: Pain is a normal part of a physical process that lets us know something is wrong.
To entertain – to amu and delight; to appeal to the reader’s ns and imagination. Authors with this purpo t out to captivate or interest the audience.
脸色发黄
Example: “Yes, I have gained weight. I weighed only 8 pounds when I was born.”
To persuade – to convince the reader to agree with the author’s point of view on a subject. Authors with this purpo may give facts, but their main goal is to argue or prove a point to readers.
