《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》翻译实践及详解(Power and Morality)【圣才出品】

更新时间:2023-05-17 02:11:37 阅读: 评论:0

三国群英传8秘籍5. Power and Morality
个性头像伤感
The 20th century—the century of metamyths and of megadeaths①—spawned fal notions②of total control, derived from arrogant asrtions of total righteousness③. The religious man of pre-modern times, who accepted reality as God-ordained, had given way to the cular fanatic, increasingly inclined to usurp God in the effort to construct heaven on earth, subordinating not only nature but humanity itlf to his own utopian vision④.
In the cour of the century, this vision was perverted into the most costly exerci of political hubris in mankind’s history⑤: the totalitarian attempt to create coercive utopias. All of reality—on the objective level of social organization and on the subjective level of personal beliefs—was to be subject to doctrinal control emanating from a single political center. The price paid in human lives for this excess⑥is beyond comprehension.
Adding them all up, somewhere between 167 million and175 million individual human beings were deliberately extinguished through politically motivated carnage—the scores of millions of soldiers and c
ivilians killed in the century’s wars, the further scores of millions killed in concentration camps, gulags, forced collectivization, ethnic transplantings, and killing fields decreed by lf-deified dictators⑦.
The tens of millions that were killed becau they were perceived, for racial or
social reasons, as unworthy of living within the earthly utopia—and the many millions more that were coerced into living within the systems—all testify to the hypnotic appeal of the metamyths of Nazism that postulated the end of history and the attainment of perfection within utopias of total control⑧.
薪资倒挂人体艺术家The manifest failure of that endeavor has given way in the West to the current antithesis, which is esntially that of minimal control over personal and collective desires, xual appetites, and social conduct. But inherent in the almost total rejection of any control is the notion that all values are subjective and relative⑧.
In brief, this century has en mankind move from experimentation with the coercive utopia of totalitarianism to enjoyment of the permissive cornucopia⑩of today’s America.
From World Monitor, 24 March, 1993 【参考译文】
在20世纪,这个超级神话和大规模死亡的世纪①,人们高傲地认为自己是绝对正义的③,因而便创造出了②必须绝对控制的虚妄说法。在前现代社会里,人们信奉宗教,并把现实看作是上帝的安排。但这种笃信宗教的人被信奉世俗的狂人所取代,后者不停地要篡夺上帝的位置,试图在地球上建立天堂。为了实现乌托邦的幻想,他们不惜牺牲自然,甚至不惜牺牲人类自身④。
在这个世纪里,这一幻想误入歧途,结果人们狂妄地去追求政治理念,企图用极权的手段创建高压下的乌托邦社会,为此付出了人类历史上最高昂的代价⑤。所有的现实,无论是社会组织这类客观现实,还是个人信仰这种主观现实,都受到教条的严格控制,而教条又只是导源于一个单一的政治中心。为了实践这种极端理念⑥,人类用生命付出的代价是令人难
操作英语
以置信的。
统计数字告诉我们,本世纪大约有一亿六千七百万到一亿七千五百万人在因政治原因促成的大屠杀中被杀害,其中包括数千万在历次战争中被杀害的和平民,也包括数千万在集中营、劳改营、杀人场中被杀害的人,以及在强制集体化和种族移民过程中丧生的人,而这些正是那些自奉为神明的独裁者们所促成的⑦。
成千万的人被杀害,仅仅因为他们的种族或社会地位,而被认为不配生活在这个地球上的乌托邦社会中。另外,还有上百万的人被迫生活在高压的社会中。所有这些都证明纳粹主义的超级神话有催眠术般的吸引力,使人们认为历史已近终结,而在这些绝对控制的乌托邦中一切都臻于完美⑧。
这种乌托邦式的努力显然以失败告终,取而代之的是当今西方社会截然相反的状况,即对个人和集体的欲望、性的欲望以及对人的社会行为几乎不加控制的局面。这种对控制近乎绝对拒绝做法的背后的理念就是所有的价值观都是主观的和相对的⑨。
w908简言之,在这个世纪中,人类用极权主义建造高压的乌托邦的试验失败后,转而又陷入当代美国社会的放纵不羁⑩之中。
(叶子南译) 【翻译要点】
①此部分为同位语成分,of短语可处理为“超级神话和大规模死亡的世纪”。Mega-表示“巨大”,翻译时可灵活处理。
②原文中,spawn(引起)的主语为century,根据分析及上下文,这里可以以“人们”做主语,将century处理为时间状语成分。
③arrogant asrtions of total righteousness这一部分中,用词较为密集,会带来理解困难。可联系奈达对词的新分类法,进行结构的调整,将这个短语改写成(people)
谣言作文arrogantly asrt that(they)are totally righteous或(people) are(so)arrogant that(they)asrt that(they)are totally righteous,然后将本句译为“人们高傲的认为自己是绝对正义的”。
④原文中使用了subordinate…to…结构,意为“使…从属于…”,翻译时可对其进行灵活处理和引申,译为“为了…放弃(牺牲)了…”。
⑤这一部分也涉及到对短语的改写,以更好地体现词与词间的关系。可将costly exerci of political hubris改写为(People)exerci political hubris, which is costly。此外,还要注意exerci与hubris的搭配问题,可将hubris(傲慢;狂妄自大)转移为副词“狂妄地”。
⑥原文中使用了excess(过度,过量;无节制)这一抽象概念,联系上下文,可将其与totalitarian attem
pt联系起来,译为“极端理念”。
⑦原文为一个长句,内容较多,翻译时应注意内容的层次,对其进行句序的调整,译文中使用了“其中包括”“也包括”“以及”“而”等词进行衔接,显得层次清晰,结构完整。
⑧本句在翻译中首先要注意postulate的翻译,它本意为“假定”,此处可加上主语,译为“人们认为”,同时还要对the attainment of perfection进行处理,此处为of连接的两个抽象名词,译为“臻于完美”既准确地表达了其意思,又简洁生动。
世界航母数量排名⑨inherent本意为“固有的,内在的”,此处引申为“背后的”,暗指深层的关系。
⑩原文的enjoyment of the permissive cornucopia都为抽象的词,不宜做具体的处理,此处译为“放荡不羁”较为准确地反映了其内涵。

本文发布于:2023-05-17 02:11:37,感谢您对本站的认可!

本文链接:https://www.wtabcd.cn/fanwen/fan/82/661733.html

版权声明:本站内容均来自互联网,仅供演示用,请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系,我们将在24小时内删除。

标签:社会   人们   进行
相关文章
留言与评论(共有 0 条评论)
   
验证码:
推荐文章
排行榜
Copyright ©2019-2022 Comsenz Inc.Powered by © 专利检索| 网站地图