每⽇⼀句
169-----198
169 今天的经济学⼈上⾯的⽂章，标题是这样的：“The Mars and Venus question" 讨论的是男⼈和⼥⼈的不同，多年前著名的⼀句话，男⼈来⾃⽕星，⼥⼈来⾃⾦星；男⼥差异确实⼤。为什么会有这样的差异，这篇⽂章的结论是：A variation in the cognitive abilities of the two xes may be more about social development than gender stereotypes. Whatever the reason, this study indicates that cognitive differences between men and women are not solely inherited.It suggests that they are learned from the roles a society expects males and females to perform, and that tho differences can change as society changes. （直⽩的讲，差异不是天⽣的⽽是后天的）；
170 There is, as Robert Rubin, the treasury cretary, says, a “disjunction”between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics.
词汇突破：the treasury cretary 财政部长（美）
Anecdote 轶闻，趣闻
海兰珠皇太极Statistics 数据（还有⼀个我们不熟悉的意思：表格）
Picture 情况，事态，局⾯，状况，情形，形势
Mass of business anecdote ：通常我们不翻译为商业轶事的⼤量，⽽翻译为⼤量的商业轶事，这样更符合中⽂的习惯
主⼲识别：There is a disjunction.
其他成分：as Robert Rubin, the treasury cretary, says 插⼊语（定语从句充当的其中还多了⼀个同位语做的插⼊语the treasury cretary）
between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics.
后置定语修饰a disjunction.
微观解析：between the mass of business anecdote and the picture; 为定语的主体部分；
that points to a leap in productivity修饰anecdote；
reflected by the statistics修饰picture
难点揭秘：由于插⼊语的加⼊，造成了对主⼲是别的难度，尤其是在between…and…结构的识别中由于加⼊了定语从句使其更难于理解，但是抓住主⼲是王道。
译⽂赏析：正如财长鲁宾所说，在表明⽣产⼒飞跃发展的商业佚事和实际数据所反映的情况之间存在着脱节。（为了⾏⽂流畅我加了“实际”⼆字。）
(也可以把⽐较长的那个部分单独翻译，这样更符合中⽂的习惯。
有⼤量的商业佚事表明⽣产⼒的飞跃发展，但是财长罗伯特.鲁宾认为现实数据表明的情况并不能⽀持这些传奇。)
对应的B选项：
anecdote=businessmen's anticipation
official statistics = official statistics
disjunction= fall short of
171 To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries willhave to get over their outdated
anti-colonial prejudices with respect toforeign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is aninvasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure(the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States.When the United Statesbuilt its industrial infrastructure, it didn't have the capital to do so. Andthat is why America's Second Wave infrastructure —including roads, harbors,highways, ports and so on —were built with foreign investment. The English,the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain'sformer colony. They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them. Guess whoowns them now? The Americans. I believe the same thing would be true in placeslike Brazilor anywhere el for that matter. The more foreign capital you have helping youbuild your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronic infrastructure,the better off you're going to be. That doesn't mean lying down and becomingfooled, or letting foreign
corporations run uncontrolled. But it does meanrecognizing how important they can be in building the energy and telecominfrastructures needed to take full advantage of the Internet.
57. The writer mentioned the ca of the United States to justify the policyof ________.
[A] providing financial supportoveras
[B] preventing foreign capital'scontrol
疥疮结节
[C] building industrialinfrastructure
[D] accepting foreign investment
To take advantage of this tool,some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonialprejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries that still thinkforeign
investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study thehistory of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society) inthe United States.When the United Statesbuilt its industrial infrastructure, it didn't have the capital to do so. Andthat is why America's Second Wave infrastructure —including roads, harbors,highways, ports and so on —were built with foreign investment. The English,the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain'sformer colony. They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them. Guess whoowns them now? The Americans. I believe the same thing would be true in placeslike Brazilor anywhere el for that matter. The more foreign capital you have helping youbuild your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronicinfrastructure, the better off you're going to be. That doesn't mean lying downand becoming fooled, or letting foreign corporations run uncontrolled. But itdoes mean recognizing how important they can be in building the energy andtelecom infrastructures needed to take full advantage of the Internet.
要想利⽤互联⽹，某些贫困国家必须克服对国外投资所持的过时了的反殖民的种种偏见。那些认为外国投资是对本国主权的侵犯的国家最好还是研究⼀下美国的基础设施（社会的基本结构基础）建设历史。当初美国建设⾃⼰的⼯业基础设施时，缺乏必要的资⾦，因此美国的第⼆次浪潮基础设施——包括公路、港⼝，⾼速公路、港⼝城市等等——都是⽤国外资⾦建造的。英国⼈、德国⼈、荷兰⼈和法国⼈都在前英国殖民地投资。他们提供资⾦，美洲移民建造。想想看，现在谁拥有这⼀切？美国⼈。我想，在这件事上，像巴西或其他任何地⽅同样也该这样。你拥有的去建造第三次浪潮基础设施（今天主要指电⼦基础设施）的外国资⾦越多，那么你的情况就越好。这并不是说卑躬屈膝，任⼈愚弄，也不是对外国公司不加控制。但这的确意味着你已认识到外国公司对本国能源及通信基础设施建设的重要性，这些基础设施是充分利⽤互联⽹所必要的。
57. The writer mentioned the ca of the United States to justify the policyof ________.
[A] providing financial supportoveras
[B] preventing foreign capital'scontrol
[C] building industrialinfrastructure
[D] accepting foreign investment
题型识别：例证题
题⼲定位：定位到⽂中最后⼀段
思路解析：例⼦是为主题服务的关键是要找到例⼦所对应的观点和结论。
⽂章前两句话的理解⾮常重要：
To take advantage of this tool, someimpoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreigninvestment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion oftheir sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure (the basicstructural foundations of a society) inthe United States.
要想利⽤互联⽹，某些贫困国家必须克服对国外投资所持的过时了的反殖民的种种偏见。那些认为外国投资是对本国主权的侵犯的国家最好还是研究下美国的基础设施（社会的基本结构基础）建设历史。
解释⼀下：这两句的观点就是表明，应该使⽤外资。美国的例⼦就是说明应该使⽤外资。所以后⾯关于美国⼈是怎么样使⽤外资的就不重要了。
选项分析：当明确了观点之后，选项就没有⼲扰性了。
[D] accepting foreign investment 为正确选项。
特别提醒：例证题的答案⼀定源⾃于例⼦所对应的观点。
173Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less nsitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conrvation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil
consumption. Software, consultancy and mobile telephones u far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar of GDP (in constant prices) rich economies now u nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increa the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25~0.5% of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand, oil-importing emerging economies —to which heavy industry has shifted —have become more energy-
intensive, and so could be more riously squeezed.
53. The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries ________.
[A] heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive
[B] income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices
[C] manufacturing industry has been riously squeezed
[D] oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less nsitive to swings in the oil price. Energy
conrvation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil
consumption. Software, consultancy and mobile telephones u far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar of
GDP (in constant prices) rich economies now u nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic
Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increa the oil
import bill in rich economies by only 0.25~0.5% of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980.
On the other hand, oil-importing emerging economies —to which heavy industry has shifted —have become more energy-
intensive, and so could be more riously squeezed.
发达国家对⽯油的依赖性也不如从前，因此对油价的波动也就不会那么敏感。能源储备、燃料替代以及能源密集型重⼯业的重要性的降低，
都减少了⽯油消耗量。软件、咨询及移动通讯消耗的⽯油，⽐钢铁、汽车⾏业少得多。发达国家国民⽣产总值中每⼀个美元所消耗的⽯油量
⽐1973年少了近⼀半。国际经合组织在最近⼀期的《经济展望》中估计，如果油价持续⼀年维持在22美元左右，与1998年的13美元⼀桶相⽐
，
这也只会使发达国家的⽯油进⼝在⽀出上增加GDP的0.25％～0.5％。这还不到1974年或1980年收⼊减少部分的1/4。另⼀⽅⾯，进⼝⽯油的
新兴国家由于转向了重⼯业，消耗能量更⼤，因此可能会受到⽯油危机的强烈影响。
53. The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries ________.
[A] heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive
[B] income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices
淘宝网购[C] manufacturing industry has been riously squeezed
[D] oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP
题型识别：细节题
题⼲定位：专有名词Economic Outlook定位到原⽂中第四段。
The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,
compared with $13 in 1998, this would increa the oil import bill in rich economies by only
0.25~0.5% of GDP.
国际经合组织在最近⼀期的《经济展望》中估计，如果油价持续⼀年维持在22美元左右，与1998年的13美元⼀桶相⽐，这也只会
使发达国家的⽯油进⼝在⽀出上增加GDP的0.25％～0.5％。
思路解析：细节题很多时候是靠对于句⼦的理解，但是句⼦也是不能离开主题的，这⾥需要提醒⼤家细节和主题的关系：细节是为主题服务
的。这⾥的段落主题是第⼀句：Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less nsitive
to swings in the oil price.（发达国家对⽯油的依赖性也不如从前，因此对油价的波动也就不会那么敏感。）
选项分析：[A] heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive
⽂章中谈到了heavy industry但是没有谈到其变得更加能源密集。
[B] income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices
⽂中谈到了收⼊的损失但是没有谈及主要由于原油价格的波动，并且这⾥和主题也相悖，原油价格对于发达国家⽽⾔并不是那么
重要了。
[C] manufacturing industry has been riously squeezed
表格插入斜线制造⼯业并没有被严重的压榨⽽是迁到了其他国家。
[D] oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP
⽂章中谈到价格的上涨只会使发达国家的⽯油进⼝在⽀出上增加GDP的0.25％～0.5％。说明影响不⼤。
特别说明：有同学会认为增加这么多也是很⼤的影响。那么就需要看段落主题了：发达国家不再那么的依赖⽯油，对于油价的波
动也不敏感，⽽这个段落所应⽤的数据就是应该为主题服务的。所以这⾥影响不⼤是正确的。
记住：细节是为主题服务的。抓细节的时候也要注意抓主题！
系列海报174 Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which，in its strongest form，states that language imprisons the mind，and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching conquences for the culture of a society.
主⼲识别: Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism
华东理工大学排名其他成分：which，in its strongest from，states that language imprisons the mind，and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching conquences for the culture of a society.定语从句
翻译点拨：词汇的处理：
1）a sort of 某种
2) linguistic determinism语⾔决定论
3) in its strongest form其极端说法是;
4) imprison the mind禁锢思维
5) far-reaching 深远的; 伸得很远的；
主句的处理：
Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism.
Whorf逐渐相信了某种语⾔决定论；
定语从句的处理：
which，in its strongest from，states that language imprisons the mind，and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching conquences for the culture of a society
in its strongest from其极端的说法
其极端的说法是认为…和认为…
状语的处理：
for the culture of a society
对社会的⽂化..
参考译⽂：Whorf逐渐接受了某种语⾔决定论；这种观点的极端说法是：语⾔禁锢了思想，语⾔的语法模式可以对某种社会⽂化产⽣深远的影响
175 The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone with anopinion of the BBC —including ordinary listeners and viewers —to say what was good or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worth keeping. The reason for its inquiry is that the BBC's royal charter runs out in1996 and it must decide whether to keep the organisation as it is, or to make changes.
57. The BBC's "royal charter"(line 3, paragraph 4) stands for ________.
[A] thefinancial support from the royal family
theprivileges granted by the Queen
[C] acontract with the Queen
[D] a uniquerelationship with the royal family
The debate was launched by the Government,which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC —inc
luding ordinary listenersand viewers —to say what was good or bad about the Corporation, and evenwhether they thought it was worth keeping. The reason for its inquiry is thatthe BBC's royal charter runs out in 1996 and it must decide whether to keep theorganisation as it is, or to make changes.
英国政府发起了这场争论，它邀请每⼀位对BBC有看法的⼈——包括普通的听众和观众——对公司好坏进⾏评说，甚⾄可以评说他们是否认为公司值得办下去。这样做的原因是BBC所持的皇家特许证于1996年到期，政府必须决定让公司维持原状还是进⾏变⾰。
57. The BBC's "royal charter"(line 3, paragraph 4) stands for ________.
[A] thefinancial support from the royal family
theprivileges granted by the Queen
[C] acontract with the Queen
[D] a uniquerelationship with the royal family
题型识别：词义题
题⼲定位：题中有明显的定位信息
思路解析：不要强求不可知，要从已知找未知；前后的正反关系和搭配关系是解题的关键；
the BBC's royal charter runs out
主语是BBC's royal charter，动词是runs out;
runs out 表⽰过期的意思；
工作室英语
长袖的英文能搭配的就是正确答案；
选项分析：[A] thefinancial support from the royal family
the privileges granted by the Queen
[C] a contract with the Queen
