大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟题2019年(26)
(总分710,考试时间130分钟)
Part III Reading Comprehension
Section A
Drought, tsunami, violent crime, financial meltdown—the world is full of risks. The poor are often most【C1】______to their effects. Instead of【C2】______responding to cris, aid workers and policymakers should anticipate and help to guard against such rare and【C3】______disastrous events.
After the world suffered major cris in 2008, the concept of risk management has gained【C4】______in international development. The links between risk, livelihoods and poverty are all too clear. Mounting evidence shows that【C5】______shocks—above all, health and weather shocks and economic cris—play a major role in pushing houholds below the poverty line and keeping them there.
But forward-thinking interventions can help【C6】______the costs of future shocks. Bangladesh offers a good example. In 1970, a large typhoon caud 300,000 deaths in Bangladesh. In 2007, a typhoon of the same【C7】______and strength caud only 4,000 deaths. The reason for the change was that the country had built a number of shelters. It went from having only 12 shelters in 1970 to having 2,500 in 2007. It also had a system of warning the population and a system of【C8】______the events.
But risk management isn't just about lesning the effects of cris; it can also help people get ahead. Farmers in Ghana and India who had access to rainfall insurance were more likely to【C9】______in fertilizer, eds, and other farming inputs, the report said, instead of sitting on their money to guard against potential future shocks.
什么的小朋友 Several recent studies have predicted that extreme events will become **mon. If we fail to anticipate and plan for tho events, then we could【C10】______giving up many of the development gains made over the past few decades.
A)forecasting B)prominence C)optimum D)vulnerable
E)guidelines F)motivate G)simply H)risk
I)adver J)invest K)offt L)paralyzing
M)potentially N)primarily O)characteristics
1. 【C1】
2. 【C2】
3. 【C3】
4. 【C4】
5. 【C5】
6. 【C6】
7. 【C7】
8. 【C8】
容易走神9. 【C9】
10. 【C10】
Section B
Secret E-Scores一个人很好
[A]Americans are obsd with their scores. Credit scores, G.P.A.'s, SAT's, blood pressure and cholesterol(胆固醇)levels—you name it. So here's a new score to obss about: the e-score, an online calculation that is assuming an increasingly important, and controversial, role in e-commerce.小笼包英语
[B]The digital scores, known broadly as consumer valuation or buying-power scores, measure our potential value as customers. What's your e-score? You'll probably never know. That's becau they are largely invisible to the public. But they are highly valuable to companies that want—or in some cas, don't want—to have you as their customer.
防成语>红屿岛 [C]Online consumer scores are calculated by a handful of start-ups, as well as a few financial rvices, that specialize in the flourishing field of predictive consumer analytics. It is a Google like business, one fueled by almost unimaginable amounts of data and powered by **puter algorithms(算法). The result is a private, digital ranking of American society unlike anything that **e before. A company, called eBureau, develops eScores—its name for custom scoring algorithms—to predict whether someone is likely to become a customer. Gordy Meyer, the founder and chief executive, says his system needs less than a cond to size up a consumer and to transmit his or her score to an eBureau client.
[D]It's true that credit scores, bad on personal credit reports, have been around for decades. And direct **panies have long ranked consumers by their socioeconomic status. But e-scores go further. They can take into account facts like occupation, salary and home value to spending on luxury goods or pet food, and do it all with algorithms that their creators say accurately predict spending.
婴儿医保属兔好不好
[E]A growing number of companies, including banks, credit and debit card(借记卡)providers, insurers and online educational institutions are using the scores to choo whom to persuade on the Web. The scores can determine whether someone derves a super credit card or a plain one, a full-rvice cable plan or none at all. They can determine whether a customer is routed promptly to an attentive rvice agent or moved to an overflow call center.
[F]Federal regulators and consumer advocates worry that the scores could eventually put some consumers at a disadvantage, particularly tho under financial stress. In effect, they say, the scores could create a new subprime class: people who are bypasd by companies online without even knowing it. Financial institutions, in particular, might avoid people with low scores, reducing tho people's access to home loans, credit cards and insurance.
[G]"The scoring is a tool to enable financial institutions to make decisions about financing bad on unconventional methods," says David Vladeck, the director of the bur
eau of consumer protection at the Federal Trade Commission. "We are troubled by the practices."
[H]Federal law governs the u of old-fashioned credit scores. Companies must have a legally permissible purpo before checking consumers' credit reports and must alert them if they are denied credit or insurance bad on information in tho reports. But the law does not extend to the new valuation scores becau they are derived from nontraditional data and promoted for marketing. Ed Mierzwinski, consumer program director at the United States Public Interest Rearch Group in Washington, worries that federal laws haven't kept pace with change in the digital age.
