句子成分
句子成分包括主要成分和次要成分
主要成分：subject(主语), 公司理财predicate(谓语)
次要成分：predictive(表语), object(宾语), complement(补足语)
attributive(定语)、adverbial(状语)、appositive(同位语）
一. 主语：
主语是一个句子的主要成分，也是句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首，表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”。一般由名词,代词,数词,不定式,动名词,名词化的形容词和主语从句等充当。
注意关于夏天的优美句子：在there be结构、疑问（当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语动词、助动词或情态动词后面。例如：
1) Tom is a good boy. ___________
2) We often speak English in class. ___________
到英国留学硕士3) One-third of the students in this class are girls. ____________
4) To swim in the river is a great pleasure. ____________
5) Smoking does harm to the health. 大蒜发芽能吃吗 ____________
6) The rich should help the poor. ____________
7)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided._____
8)It is necessary to master a foreign language. ___________
Exercis1:
Underline the subject in the following ntences and then translate each ntence into Chine .
① Are you going to play basketball?
② There will be a movie next Sunday.
③ The news made Jim happy..
④ To e is to believe.
The nior should be respected by the young.
二.谓语：
谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。说明主语“做什么”、
“是什么”或“怎么样”，一般由动词或动词短语来充当，一般放在主语之后。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。谓语的构成如下：
1. 简单谓语：
由一个动词或动词短语构成。例如：
1) I like apples. ____________
2) He practices running every morning. ____________
2. 复合谓语：
由 情态动词或其他助动词+动词原形 构成；例如：
1) You may keep the book for two weeks. __________
2) Hehas caughta bad cold. __________
由 系动词+表语 构成。 例如：
1）We are excited at the good news. __________
2）A bird is in the tree. __________
Exercis2:
Underline the predicates in the following ntences and then translate each ntence into Chine .
① I saw you play basketball almost every day during the summer holidays.
② A lot of people prefer to live in the countryside.
③ We must keep our classroom clean.
④ To e is to believe.
Let’s go and practice.
三、宾语：
表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面,和及物
动词一起说明主语“做什么”，由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式和宾语从句充当。如：
1) They went to e an exhibition yesterday. __________
2) The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time. _______
3) How many dictionaries do you have? I have three. ____________
4) They helped the old with their houwork yesterday. ____________
5) He pretended not to e me. ____________
6) I enjoy listening to popular music. _____________
7) I think (that) he is fit for this job. _____________
宾语种类：
1. 双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：
Lend me your dictionary, plea. =Lend your dictionary to me, plea.
间宾 直宾 直宾 间宾
※ 人间物直
2. 复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语），例如：
They elected him their monitor.
宾语 宾语补足语
Exercis3:
Underline the object in the following ntences and then translate each ntence into Chine .
① 卢荣友Different foods help us in different ways.
② He is examining a patient.
③ I told her the story over the phone.
④ I enjoy dancing to music.
Can you lend your pencil to me?
Summary:
1. 英语中那些词充当主、谓、宾？
2. 主、谓、宾在句子中的位置？
四、定语：不白活一回
修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语，起修饰限定的作用。定语可由名词、形容词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语、不定式、分词等来充当。
1）Guilin is a beautiful city. _______
2）China is a developing country. _______
3）America is a developed country. ______
4）There are thirty women teachers in our school. ______
5）His maths is very good. _______
6）I am the last person to leave the classroom. _______
工厂对联
7）The teaching plan for next term has been worked out. ______
Exercis4:
Underline the attributive in the following ntences and then translate each ntence into Chine .
① He is a good teacher.
② The weather there was beautiful.
③ Many people all over the world like it.
④ Doctors failed to save the girl’s life.
Your father began to work at your age.
五、状语：
用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，表示行为发生的时间、
地点、目的、方式、程度等。一般由副词、名词、介词短语、不定式、从句
六、宾语补足语：
用来补充说明宾语的特征、状态或身份，宾语补足语可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。并与宾语一起构成复合宾语的句子成分，叫做宾语补足语。英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make, let, e, find, name等）或介词（如with）+ 宾语 + 宾补。例如：
