句子成分的讲解以及练习

更新时间:2023-05-16 18:41:45 阅读: 评论:0

一、主语(subject: 句子说明的人或事物。
The sun ris in the east.                    (名词)           
He likes dancing.                                        (代词)
Twenty years is a short time in history.              (数词)     
Cooking is for moms.                                      (动名词)     
To e is to believe.                          (不定式)         
It is not easy to learn English well..It形式主语,不定式是真正的主语)
 蕨菜做法What he needs is a book.                          (主语从句)
二、谓语(predicate: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We study English.          I like English.(及物动词)
He came yesterday.        She lives in China.  (不及物动词)
He is asleep.            I am 13 years old.  (系表结构作谓语)
三、表语(predicative: 系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is a teacher.                              (名词)   
Seventy-four! You don’t look it.              (代词)
Five and five is ten.                          (数词)   
He is asleep.                          (形容词) 
      His father is in.                              (副词)   
The picture is on the wall.                (介词短语)
      My watch is gone / missing / lost.      (形容词化的分词)
To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. ”        (不定式)
The question is whether they will come.                        (表语从句)
常见的系动词有: be, sound(听起来), look(看起来), feel(摸起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝、吃起来), remain(保持,仍是), feel(感觉) ….
It sounds a good idea.                    The sound sounds strange.
Her voice sounds sweet.                    Tom looks thin.
      The food smells delicious.                  The food tastes good.
      The door remains open.                    Now I feel tired.
 鬼船四、宾语:
1)动作的承受者——动宾  (及物动词)
       I like China. (名词)    He hates you. (代词)
      How many do you need? We need two. (数词)
        We should help the old and the poor. 
I enjoy working with you. (动名词)
        I hope to e you again. (不定式) 
Did you write down what he said? (宾语从句)
2)介词后的名词、代词和动名词——介宾
       Are you afraid of the snake?       
Under the snow, there are many rocks.
3 双宾语——间宾(指人)和直宾(指物)
       He gave me a book yesterday.     
Give the poor man some money.
五、宾补:对宾语的补充,全称为宾语补足语。
We elected him monitor(名词) 
We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here. (名)
      We will make them happy. (形容词)
We found nobody in. (副词)
Plea make yourlf at home. (介词短语)
Don’t let him do that. (省to不定式)
      His father advid him 市场部是做什么的to teach the lazy boy a lesson. (带to不定式)
      Don’t keep the lights burning. (现在分词)
I’ll have my hair cut. (过去分词) 
六、定语:修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。
Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.(名词) 
He is our friend. (代词)
We belong to the third world.  (数词) 
He is a lazy boy.(形容词)
The people there 清降片are very friendly.(副词
The woman with glass is my sister. (介词)
The boys playing football are in Class 2.  (现在分词)
The trees planted last year are growing well now. (过去分词)   
I have a lot of homework to do.    (不定式)
You should do everything that I do.    (定语从句)
      七、状语:用来修饰v., adj., adv., or 句子。 表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。    (以下例句按上述顺序排列)       
  I will go there tomorrow.           
The meeting will be held in the meetingroom.
The meat went bad becau of the hot weather.  
He studies hard to learn English well.
He didn’t study hard so that he failed in the exam.
I like some of you very much.       
If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 
He goes to school by bike.    
Though he is young, he can do it well. 
记忆口诀:
动词种类速记:   
英语动词分四种,行为连系助动情。
动作状态为行动,充当谓语有作用;
连系动词有意义,不能独立作谓语,
班级发展规划
须与表语在一起,常用lookbecomebe
助动词无意义,不能独立作谓语,
时态、疑问和否定,dobewill最常用
情态动词mustcanmay,表示语气和情态,
堆个小雪人
人称与数无变化,动词原形跟着它。     
 感官、使役动词:
一感二听三让四看
一感:feel二听:hearlisten三让:make let have
四看:look atewatchnotice
用法口诀
感使动词真奇怪,to先贤祠在句中像妖怪,
主动句中它走开,被动句中它回来,
动词let要除外,to词可来可不来。
句子成分(Members of a Sentence)
什么叫句子成分呢?句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial) 和补语(complement)。
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式如下:
一: (主+谓)
二: (主+系+表)
三: (主+谓+宾)
四: (主+谓+间宾+直宾)
五: (主+谓+宾+宾补)
基本句型 一:S (主+谓)
主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you螳螂的生活习性),动词不定式,动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家! 

本文发布于:2023-05-16 18:41:45,感谢您对本站的认可!

本文链接:https://www.wtabcd.cn/fanwen/fan/82/657469.html

版权声明:本站内容均来自互联网,仅供演示用,请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系,我们将在24小时内删除。

标签:动词   主语   名词   句子   谓语   基本
相关文章
留言与评论(共有 0 条评论)
   
验证码:
推荐文章
排行榜
Copyright ©2019-2022 Comsenz Inc.Powered by © 专利检索| 网站地图