句子成分
句子成分由词或词组充当, 英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、宾语（object）、表语（predicative）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial)，补语（complement）。
（1）.主语 （S）
主语 (Subject) 是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。表示句子说的是什么人或什么事。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：
1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 名词
2.We often speak English in class. 代词
3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. 数词
4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 不定式
5.Smoking does harm to the health. 动名词
6.The rich should help the poor. 名词化的形容词
7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 主语从句
8.It is necessary to master a foreign language。it 为形式主语，不定式为真正的主语
（2） 谓语 （V）
谓语 (Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。
非主流的图片
1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten o’clock.
2、复合谓语：由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold.
注意：谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。
（3）宾语 (O)
宾语（Object）表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如：
1.They visited an exhibition yesterday.名词
2.The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time. 代词，动名词
3.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five. 名词，数词
4.They helped the old with their houwork yesterday. 名词化形容词，名词
5.He pretended not to e me. 不定式 6.I enjoy listening to popular music. 动名词
7.I think（that）he is fit for his office. 宾语从句
电灯宾语种类：
1）双宾语（间接宾语O+直接宾语O）
Lend me your dictionary, plea. He gave me a book yesterday.
2）复合宾语（宾语O+宾补C）
（4）补语 （C）
宾语补足语：补充说明宾语的动作、状态的成分,常由名词、形容词、动词非谓语形式(不定式、现在分词、过去分词等)、介词短语等充当。
1. They elected him their monitor. 名词 2.They painted their boat white. 形容词
3.Let the fresh air in. 介词 4.You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you. 不定式
5.We saw her entering the room. 动名词 6.We found everything in the lab in good order. 介词短语
主语补足语：补充说明主语的动作、状态的成分。 句子中有宾补? 句子中有主补？
不定式作宾语补足语,不定时符号的省略问题。能跟不带to 的不定式作补语的动词 feel , hear , listen to , let , have, make, e ,watch ,obrve, notice,help 一感二听三让四看半帮助
（5）表语 （P）
表语(Predicative)用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份，它一般位于系动词之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、 副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语及表语从句表示。
1.Our teacher of English is an American.（名词） 2.Is it yours?（代词）
3.The weather has turned cold.（形容词） 4.The speech is exciting.（分词）
5.Three times ven is twenty one?（数词） 6.His job is to teach English.（不定式）
7.His hobby is playing football.（动名词） 8.The meeting is of great importance.（介词短语）
9.Time is up. The class is over.（副词） 文章分享10.The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句）
注意：系动词（Linking verb)用于连接主语和表语，说明主语的状态，性质特征和身份等。
1）状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be一词， He is a teacher.
2）持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, stand。
控制射精的方法 He always keep silent at meeting.
3）感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste,司马懿简介。 This kind of cloth feels very soft.
4）变化系动词表示主语变成什么样，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.
He became mad after that.
（6）定语
修饰，限制，描述或补充说明名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语(Attribute)。
1.Guilin is a beautiful city.（形容词）
2.China is a developing country; America is a developed country.（分词）
3.There are thirty women teachers in our school.（名词）
4.His rapid progress in English made us surprid.（代词）
5.Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.（不定式短语）
6.The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.（动名词）
7.He is reading an article about how to learn English.（介词短语）
8.Farmers who saw us stared at us as if we are walking skeletons. (定语从句)
（7）状语
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分。从情况,时间,处所,方式,条件,对象,肯定,否定,范围和程度等方面对谓语中心进行修饰或限制，状语一般由副词充当，也可由名词，介词短语，非谓语动词，从句等充当。
晋城吧1.Light travels most quickly. 副词及副词性短语 2.He has lived in the city for ten years. 介词短语
3.He is proud to have pasd the national college entrance examination. 不定式
4.He is in the room making a model plane. 分词短语 5.Wait a minute. 名词
6.Once you begin, you must continue. 状语从句
9种状语种类如下：
形影不离1. How about meeting again at six? 时间 2. I shall go there if it doesn’t rain. 条件
3. Last night she didn’t go to the dance party becau of the rain. 原因
4.Mr Smith lives on the third floor. 地点 5.She put the eggs into the basket with great care. 方式
6. She came in with a dictionary in her hand. 伴随 7客户顾问.He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately. 结果
