摘要
随着社会的发展,世界范围内竞争的加剧,社会对人才的选择标准也日趋综合化。演讲能力就是对这种新型人才的一项起码的素质要求。我国领导人,包括温家宝总理最近出访美国等国,常常会在国外发表一些重要演讲:外国总统候选人竞选的一个重要途径就是通过演讲宣传自己的政治主张,让国民了解自己,以求得民众支持。进入1】|『T0,我国在许多方面都要与国际接轨,对英文演讲能力的要求,肯定很快会在未来的各个行业,各个领域成为不成文的规定。特别是英语政治演讲,由于其在国内国际事务中举足轻重的地位,使我们不得不慎重分析研究。
一篇成功的演讲主要包括两大因素:实质性的内容和非常得体很有特点的表达手段。本文作者从英语政治演讲的功能出发,对促成该种功能实现最大化的文体张力因素进行有益的探索性研究。该探索主要立足于杰出的系统功能文体学派代表人Halliday所提出的语言三大元功能(概念的,人际的,语篇的)理论,结合许多其他著名文体学家文体理论的精华(如Buffon的作家决定论,Riffa.terre的读者反应论,StanleyFish的感受文体学),借助Jakobson的文体分析多维思路,提出功能文体分析的多维理论,并且推崇功能决定文体的理念,试图从功能出发对演讲进行文体分析。Jakobson是将诗歌语言的研究同具有强大生命力的语言学分析模式相结合的第一人,暗示文体分析应兼顾作者,文本,读者及语境等多种相关因素。以往所有的文体分析都是从形式去说明功能内容,本文中的论点与其相反,是从功能目的出发考察实现这一功能最大化的文体手段,
中国经典故事指出功能文体分析应从政治演讲的每项功能出发,进行多角度的实现这一功能的文体因素分析,这也是一种思维方式的创新与探索,因此本文的方法论意义胜过其学术理论意义.本文着重从文体的定义,本质和表现因素,以及演讲特别是政治演讲的功能特点出发,寻求二者的接合点,政治演讲的突出功能为告知,感化,说服,鼓动听众。告知是每篇演讲的论题核心,属于概念功能,本文从众多国外政治演讲名篇中选出几例,研究实现这一功能的几种有效的文体手段。感化说服和鼓动是政治演讲的直接目的,本文从人际功能出发,结合多种文体理论之长,全面阐述这些功能的实现途径。实践证明这种多维分析思路比较合理,有一定的说服力。篇章功能是演讲功能的整体体现,直接决定演讲成功与否。本文着重从篇章的组织和衔接功能去考察实现这一功能的文体手段:<逻辑纽带,语法纽带和词汇纽带等多方面探讨>。
这种从语言功能出发去探讨实现这些功能的文体途径,无疑对文体学的学习和应用会大有裨益。每种作品都有自己独特的功能,这种立足于本身功能特点的文体分析对该作品的理解及从事这类作品的创作指导有一定的学术意义。
关键词:文体英语政治演讲功能文体分析
嫩豆腐汤Abstract
Withthedevelopmentofmodemsociety,thecompetit
画梅
烫面蒸饺怎么做ionhasbecomemoreandmoreintense也eworldoverandthedemandsfortalentshavebecomemorecomprehensive.Amongthem,theabilityofpublicspeakingissomethingindispensable;leta主onethatofthepoliticalpubHcspeaking。Therefore,thestudyofitcannotbewaitedanylonger..
Aneffectivepublicspeakinghasatleasttwocrucialfactors.Oneisthesubstantialcontent.andtheotheristheverydescentuseofsomenecessarystylisticfeatures.豇listhesisstartswiththefunctionsandpurposesofEPPS,andmakesaconstructiveexplorationofthosestylisticfeatures,whichcanattainthoseexpectedfunctionsandpurposestothemaximumextent.TheexplorationischieflybasedonHalliday’sThreeGreatFunctions(ideational,interpersonal,andtextual),togetherwithsomevaluableview
sinsomeotherfamousstylists’theories,suchastheAuthor’sDecisionbyBuffon(1707—1788,aFrenchnaturist),theReader’sReactionbyMichaelRiffaterre,theAffectiveStylisticsbyStanleyFish,andthelike。AnotherenlightenmentonmyargumentiscomingfromJakobson’stheory(1896…1983)ofmulti-dimensionalstylisticanalysis。Contrary£oallthoseavailablestylisticanalysis。theanalyzingapproachesoriginatefromthefunctionsandpurposestothestylisticfeaturesthatcanbeusedtoachievethewantedgoals,andstudyhowthefunctionsandpurposescanbeachievedtothemaximumdegree.
Thisthesisstartsfromthestudyofthedefinitionandnatureofstyles,andthengoesonwiththefunctionsandpurposesofthepublicspeaking,andnexttothestudyofthebestmatchofthefunctionstoitsneces
sarystylisticfeatures.ThemostfundamentalfunctionsofEPPSaretoinform,tOmove,topersuadeandtoinspiretheaudiencetOtakesomeactionsthatthespeakerexpec据.Informingisthebaseofthepublicspeech,belongingtoideationalfunction;moving,persuadingandinspiringtheaudiencearethedirectpurposesofthespeech,belongingtointerpersonalfunction.Thetextualfunctionisthecomprehensivefunctionofasinglepoliticalspeech,anditisdirectlyrelatedtothesuccessofthespeech.Thethesisexaminesthisfunctionanditsrealizationfromthreemajorstylisticaspects:logical,grammaticalandlexicalconnectors。
Thisexplorationisnewtothestudyandapplicationofthestylisticfeaturesbasedonthefunctionsoflanguage洒EPPSandmanyotherliteraryworks.
Keywords:StyleEnglishPoliticalPublicSpeaking
FunctionalStylisticAnalysis
Y583513
创新性声明
本人声明掰鏊交的论文建我个天在导群指导下送行的磅究工{乍及鼗德酌疆究成果。尽我所知,除了文中特别加以标注和致谢中所罗列的内容以外,论文中不包台其他人已经笈表或撰写过的研究成果:也不包含为获得西安电子科技大学或箕它教育辍鞠弱攀霞或证书瓣霞矮过载毒害瓣。与我一溺工终兹圈恚瓣本骚宠爱骰的任何贡献均已在论文中做了明确的说明并表示了谢意。
本大煞名:日期圭:!
关鼍:论文使耀授权魏说甓
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本人然名:
导师签名
IntroductiOil芒果拼盘
Theme:Thisthesismainlymakesagenera/studyofthestylisticapproachestoattaintheprincipalfunctionsofEnglishpoliticalpublicspeaking.Aseverybodyknowsthatthefunctionsandpurposesofthepubhcspeakingalechieflyattheaimsofarousingtheaudience’Sinterest,stirringuptheiremotions,winningⅡleirsupportandeventually
inspiringthemtodowhatthespeakerwishes.Toachievethisgoal。thepublicspeakerhastopaygreatatt
entiontonotonlytheessenceofthespeechcontent,butalsototheCanaidhimindeliveringalleffectivespeech.AsforanEnglishpoliticalstyles,which
publicspeaking,thesignificanceinthisfieldismuchmoreprofound.
Value:Abilityofpublicspeakingissomethingindispensableforthecommonperson
nowadaysinthesociety.Whenpeoplecometocontactwitheachother,theymustbeabletointroducethemselves,toshowtheirintention,toexpresstheirfeelings,andtoasktheotherstohelpthem.Thatisthebasicspeakingability.Today,witIlthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,everythingaroundchangesatatremendous
andmorefierce,Peoplehavetospeed.Thecompetiti
ontheworldOVerbecomesmore
meetmoreandmorerigidchallengesoneaf'f.eranother.Theycannotjustwaitforthe
opportunityinalazyway;instead,theymuststriveforeverypossiblechanceforthemselvesbyrecommendingthemtothepositionathomeandabmadforabetterpersonalgrowth.WhymusttheytryhardtointroducethemselvestOthesociety?TheydoSOjustforthepurposeofadvertisingthemtothepeoplearoundtOgettheriglltchancetoservethesocietyandatthesametimetorealizethesocialvalueofthemselves.Similarly,thecountryleadersmakepublicspeakingathomeandabroadfrequentlyforthepurposeofexplainingsomethingimportanttothenationalpeopletogettheirsupportandcooperationorforthepurposeofintroducingthecountry’Sforeignpoliciestothef
oreignersinordertoacquiresomesuccessfulcooperationforthegoodofthecountry.Therefore,inasense,anyonewhowantstosuccecdinlifeshouldnotneglecttheabilityofpubhcspeaking.Thatiswhyinthewesterncountriestheyclaimeloquence,dollarsandcomputers,asthreegreateststrategicweaponsinthesocietytoday.
Aims:Everyonewhowantstogetanopportunityandcontributebettertothesociety
andrealizehisloftyidealmustmakegreateffortsto
improvehisabilityofpublic
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有错别字的广告牌speaking,especiallypoliticalpublicspeaking.BasedOntheoverallsradyofmany
numberoffamouspeopleintheworld,thispoliticaladdressesdeliveredbyagreat
thesismainlydealswimthefunctionalstylisticanalysis.SOthatthereaderscanhaveanewviewpointaboutstylesofpoliticalpublicspeaking,togettoknowwellthecertainfunctionsandthecorrespondingstylisticfeaturesthatcallbeusedtoachievethefuncdons.Thisthesisadvocatesanewcomprehensive,multi-dimensionalanalysisofthestyleswithHalliday’SfunctionalstylistictheoryasitscOre,andgiv髓thereadersapanoramaofEnglishstylistics.Thisthesisispresentedforthepurposetohelpthosewhohopetoimprovetheirspeechabilityeffectivelytomakethebestuseofthestylisticapproachestoachievetheirgoals.
ApproachesofAnalysis
Thetraditionalstylisticanalysisisbasicallyusedinthetextualanalysisofpoems,fictions(Thestylisticanalysisofpoliticalpublicspeakingisnotconlmonnow).Theyusuallymakeananalysisbymeansofspeechsounds,phoneme,morpheme,lexicon,syntax,orevf朗l'ttheorganizationofthetext.Andthustheyrevealthefunctionsofthesedifferentstyles.Moreover,therearecontroversialopinionsonthiseverydifferentaspectbydifferentstylisticschools,forexample,thedisputeswiththedefinitionofstyle,andthedisputeswithwhatCanberegardedasdeviation.Peopleallagreethatthequalitativedeviationcaneasilybejudged,suchastheunusualuseofspeechsounds,grammaticalpoints,lexicon,andthelike;whilethequantitativedeviationisnotSOeasytodetermine,suchaSthefrequencyofthecertainlexicon.Thissituationmakespeoplefeelthee
xistenceofthestylesandtheuniquefunctionsofthem;however,theydonotknowtheseindetailsanditisnotconvenientforthemtomakeabetteruseofthesestylisticapproaches.
Contrarytothe曲evesituation.theappmacheshereinthisthesisofstylistic
analysisbeginwiththefunctionalanalysisofthelanguages.TheapproachesarebasedonHalliday’Sfunctionalstylisticsandhaveabsorbedtheadvantagesofthestylistictheoriesfromotherdifferentschools,suchasBuffon’S(Author’SDecision),Riffaterre’s(Reader’SReaction)andStanleyFish’S(AffectiveStylistics).Thereforethisthesisischaracterizedbymulti-dimensionalanalysisofthevariousstylesbasedonthelanguagefunctions.Andthisisalsothenewcreationofthethesis.ItCallhelpthepub
大班观察记录表licspeakerspreparethespeechonthebaseoftherelationbetweentheirpurposesandthecorrespondingstylisticapproaches.