Appendix D
Wire Rope
1.0 General
Data included in this appendix and the ction on "Slings, Chains, and Accessories" include general information and specific requirements about the design and construction characteristics of commonly ud wire rope and accessories.
1.1 General. Wire rope design and construction characteristics shown in this appendix are
for reference only. Manufacturer's specification data may differ from the and must be ud in determining safe working loads and proper application.
1.2 Materials. Wire rope may be manufactured from many grades and types of steel and
alloys. They may be constructed from nonferrous materials or coated wires. Some of the more common grades with the differing designations are as follows:
a. Improved plow steel—monitor steel—purple grade—Level 3 steel1
b. Extra improved plow steel—monitor AA grade—purple plus—Level 4 steel1, 2
1.3 Terminology.Cross ction AA.
General view.
1.3.1 Wire Rope. Figure D-1 shows the general terminology, structure, and cross-
ctional views of wire rope.
1.3.2 Cores for Wire Rope. The core is the central member about which the main
strands are laid. The principal function of the core is to provide a bearing for the strand.
This foundation maintains the proper lateral position of the strands and permits their
relative longitudinal motion in adjusting the distribution of stress. Figure D-2 shows the three common types of cores ud in wire rope.
1.3.3 Wire Rope Lays. The lay direction of a wire rope is the direction in which the
strands rotate around the rope, as en receding from the obrver and viewed from
above. The lay direction of outer wires of a single strand is determined in the same
manner. Figure D-3 shows the various lay combinations.
1The two major grade classifications and corresponding rope breaking strengths may vary with different manufacturer's and date of manufacturing.
2Application of the high strengths should be under the direction of manufacturer or a professional engineer.
D-1
D-3The lay as a unit of measure is the length a single strand extends in making one complete turn around the rope. Lay length is measured in a straight line parallel to the centerline of the rope; not by following the path of the strand.
1.3.4 Rope Diameter. Figure D-4 shows the right and wrong way to measure rope diameter. 1.3.5 Rope Class. Wire rope is designed by class: 6x7 (6 strands, 7 wires); 6x19 (6 strands, 19 main wires per strand); 6x37 (6 strands, nominally父亲的礼物
37 wires per strand). When "nominally" is ud, the number of wires per strand may vary significantly (i.e., 6x19 nominal may have from 9 to 26 wires per strand).
2.0 Wire Rope End Connectors (fittings, end attachments, terminals)
2.1 General. Choosing proper end connectors (fittings) to be ud with wire rope is cond
in importance only to lecting the rope itlf. Connectors are subjected to the same loads as the wire rope ud and must be properly designed and built to withstand the stress impod on them.
2.2 Wire Rope Clip Connectors. Wire rope clip connectors may u the U-bolt type or the
twin ba clip ("First" grip, double saddle) type. U only new clips in making wire rope clip
connectors.
Figure D-2.—Three common types of cores ud in wire rope.
D-4Figure D-3.—Various combinations of
wire rope lays.
Figure D-4.—Right and wrong way to
measure rope diameter.
2.2.1 U-bolt Type Clip. U-bolt clips shall
司考音频
be constructed of drop-forged steel bas
protected by an application of a galvanized下雨了
zinc coating (e figure D-5). Approximate
dimensions and construction details are
shown in table D-1.
There is only one correct way to attach U-
bolt clips to wire rope ends. The ba of the
clip bears on the live end of the rope; the
"U" of the bolt bears on the dead end with a
thimble installed in the eye (e figure D-6).
The approximate number of clips and their
spacing distance is shown in table D-2 and
figure D-7. Consult the clip manufacturer
for exact number of clips required and
spacing dimensions.
2.2.2 Twin Ba Clips. Twin ba clips
must be constructed of drop forged steel
bas protected by an application of zinc
coating (galvanized). Approximate
dimension and construction details are
shown in table D-3. Number of clips
and their spacings are the same as
shown for U-bolt clips.
Twin-ba clips are installed as
shown in figure D-8. Becau of
their special design, there is no top or
bottom, and they cannot be installed
incorrectly.
Additional information on
installation of wire rope clips is in
the Rigging Manual.
2.2.3 Joining Wire Ropes. Figure
D-9 shows an acceptable method for
joining wire ropes using a
combination of clips and thimbles.
冬瓜红烧肉
D-5
Figure D-5.—U-bolt clip construction details.
Table D-1.—Dimensions for U-bolt clips
Rope diameter (inches)Dimensions (inches)
Approxi-mate weight (pounds)A D E K N O T Y 1/83/161/45/163/813/1615/161-3/161-5/161-5/87/321/45/183/87/167/168/165/83/413/1625/641/221/3223/3228/3215/161-7/321-11/321-11/161-15/1616/3219/323/47/8123/3231/321-1/321-5/161-1/216/161-5/321-7/161-11/161-15/16.05.08.17.30.417/161/29/165/83/41-13/161-29/322-1/162-1/162-1/41/21/29/169/165/81-1/161-1/161-7/161-7/161-9/161-1/841-1/81-7/321-11/321-25/842-3/82-3/82-13/162-13/163-3/81-3/161-3/161-5/161-5/161-1/21-7/81-7/82-1/42-1/42-3/42-8/322-9/322-31/642-1/22-27/32.65.751.001.001.407/811-1/81-1/42-11/162-5/82-13/163-1/83/43/43/47/81-13/162-1/82-1/42-1/21-5/81-49/841-28/322-11/643-7/84-1/44-5/85-1/81-3/41-7/82
2-5/163-1/83-1/23-7/84-1/43-11/323-15/323-18/324-1/8 2.402.503.004.501-3/81-1/21-5/81-3/43-1/83-17/323-5/83-13/167/87/811-1/82-11/162-13/162-7/83-3/162-5/162-23/322-21/322-58/645-1/25-
13/166-5/166-7/82-3/82-19/322-3/43-1/164-5/84-15/165-5/165-3/44-3/164-5/164-3/45-9/32 5.205.907.309.8022-1/42-1/22-3/43
什么叫形容词4-7/164-9/164-11/165
5-5/16
电影闪闪红星
1-1/41-1/41-1/41-1/41-1/2
3-5/844-3/84-1/25-1/32
3-9/323-15/164-7/164-7/85-11/32
7-11/168-3/88-15/169-8/1610-11/16
3-3/83-7/84-1/84-3/84-3/4
6-7/167-1/87-11/168-5/169-2/16
5-7/86-3/86-5/86-7/87-5/8
13.4015.7017.9022.0030.50
D-6
Figure D-6.—Right and wrong way to clip wire rope.屯读音
Table D-2.—Dimensions of twin-ba clips
Rope diameter (inches)Dimensions (inches)
Approxi-mate weight (pounds)A B D d J K L
N approx 1/45/163/87/161/215/161-1/161-1/161-1/41-1/41-1/41-11/321-37/641-7/81-7/81/45/163/87/161/23/83/87/161/21/21-1/41-16/321-13/162-11/642-11/6421/647/1631/649/169/161/25/83/4111-5/81-15/162-3/82-3/42-3/4.21.26.38.60.609/165/83/47/811-1/21-1/21-3/42-1/82-1/42-8/322-8/322-27/642-61/643-1/168/165/83/47/815/85/85/83/43/42-11/162-11/162-3/43-5/163-23/3211/1611/1655/6431/321-3/161-1/41-1/41-1/21-3/423-1/23-1/23-3/84-1/84-5/8 1.081.081.342.202.681-1/81-1/41-3/81-1/2
2-5/162-1/233
3-3/163-8/164-1/84-1/8
1-1/81-1/41-3/81-1/2
3/47/811
4-3/324-1/45-9/165-9/16
河南企业100强1-8/321-11/321-9/161-9/16
2-1/42-1/22-3/43
55-1/477
2.964.036.586.58
